Physiological Measurements of Winter Wheat Under Stress PDF Download

Author: Calvin H. Pearson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 182

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Author: Mohamed Salem Zaidi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 190

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Author: M. P. Reynolds
Publisher: CIMMYT
ISBN: 9706480773
Category : Physiology
Languages : en
Pages : 246

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Author: Kevin James Donnelly
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 268

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As indicator of the time of maximum grain dry weight accumulation (t[indice]max) and a better description of physiological processes associated with grain growth termination in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) should assist cultivar improvement programs. Several cultivars were compared to determine t[indice]max and its relationship to visual changes and physiological activities of spikes. Two cubic polymonial functions fitted to kernel dry weigth accumulation data estimated t[indice]max more objectively than single cubic or quadratic models or a mean superation test. Loss of green color from all spike parts was the best indicator of t[indice]max. Kernels from different portions of spikes generally reached t[indice]max within one day. Green tissue at the botton of spikes assimilated carbon and supplied assimilate to upper portions after they had lost green color. Kernels depended on sources of assimilate other than spikes during final stages of growth, since spike net photosynthesis reached zero prior to t[indice]max. Spike gross photosynthesis continued until t[indice]max, partially offseting respiration. Spike respiration continued after t[indice]max, but kernel weights did not always decline. Geen tissue at the base of the flag leaf assimilated carbon wich was translocated to kernels after t[indice]max. Winter wheat produces meny shoots which fail to develop grain-bearing spikes. An understanding of the physiology of spikelles shoots and their influence on grain yields may suggest potential for cultivar improvement. Distribution of 14C-labelled assimilate from late-emerging tillers was monitored. The effects of tiller removal treatments and tiller development and survival patterns were also evaluated. When spikelless tillers were labelled with 14CO2 at jointing, over 50% of the label recovered at maturity was in parts other that the labelled tiller. Kernels contained less than 10%. The importance of kernels as a sink increased with later labelling and under stress. Some translocation occurred within 48 hours. Removal of small shoots at jointing decreased grain yields by decreasing kernel numbers. Shoot survival was positively correlated with spike and kernel numbers per unit area and grain yield. Lower-yielding cultivars with lower shoot survival invested more in larger shoots wich failed to produce spikes. Therefore, the positive contibution of spikeless shoots suggested by the 14CO2-labelling and tiller removal studies may not have compensated for the plants investiment in them.

Author: U S Gupta
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000722899
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 179

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The present multi-volume treatise has been planned to discuss important aspects of the crop-plant physiological aspects, viz., hormones, nutrients, cell membranes, and induced proteins, as related to different types of stresses each in separate volumes. Another type of stress which can be classed under biotic, environmental (sil) or chemical, viz., the stress of allelochemicals which has not been discussed before as a stress factor, will be discussed in a separate volume emphasizing its practical/ ap-plied aspects, rather than mentioning only the allelopathic effects. In this volume on Hormone Relations, different stresses have been arranged in order of their importance and work done.

Author: Alistair Pask
Publisher: CIMMYT
ISBN: 9706481826
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 140

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Author: J. Allan Smith
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000236390
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 878

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Approximately 1500 scientists from around the globe participated in the InternationalGrassland Congress at the University of Kentucky in 1981, sharing existingknowledge of grasslands and exploring methods for increasing the productivity oflivestock/forage systems so as to better feed mankind while maintaining or improvingenvironmental quality. Of the nearly 500 papers presented on previously unpublishedoriginal research or experimental research and development projects, 273 were selectedfor inclusion in this book. They cover the current basic and applied research on productionand utilization of forages from grasslands the world over.

Author: A. Hemantaranjan
Publisher: Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 9387307867
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 611

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Book Description
This book is a wealth of spanking insight for directing interdisciplinary exchange of information especially in the fields of abiotic stresses and climate change for planning meaningful research as well as advancing education programmes in such indispensable areas. Apart from satisfying the acute need of this kind of exclusive edition for research teams and scientists engaged in various facets of research in plant physiology in traditional and agricultural universities, institutes and research laboratories throughout the world, it would be extremely a constructive book and a voluminus reference material for imbibing thought provoking knowledge by post-graduate and Ph.D. scholars in response to the innovative course in plant Physiology, Plant Biochemistry, PlantMolecular Biology, Plant Biotechnology, Environmental Science, Plant Pathology, Microbiology, soil Science Agricultural Chemistry, Agronomy, Horticulture, and Botany.

Author: Muhammad Waseem
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832537642
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 289

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Book Description
Drought and salinity are two of the foremost environmental factors which restrict plant growth and yield in several regions of the world, especially in arid and semi‐arid regions. Due to global climate change, drought and salinity are predicted to become more widespread and eventually result in reduced plant growth and productivity in numerous plant species. Exposure of plants to extreme drought or salt stress ceases plant growth, while plants exposed to moderate stress generally show a slight change in their growth performance. Scientists are facing the challenging task of producing 70% more food to feed an additional 2.3 billion people by 2050. Therefore, it is imperative to develop stress-resilient crops with better yield under drought and salt stress to meet the food requirements of upcoming generations.

Author: E H Satorre
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781560228745
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 544

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Discussing the latest processes involved in researching yield generation, Wheat: Ecology and Physiology of Yield Determination will help you design various types of crop production systems for maximum yield. Featuring information on developing high-yielding, low-input, and quality-oriented systems, this book offers you both physiological and ecological approaches that will help you understand the crop as well as increase its production. Discussing aspects of wheat growth for specific regions around the world, Wheat provides you with information that will improve the size and quality of your crops, including: how temperature, vernalization, and the photoperiod affect the development of wheat using the correct amount of nitrogen fertilizers for wheat crops an explanation of the reproduction and nitrogen cycles of wheat how elements and conditions such as lipids, proteins, nitrogen, and climate enhance grain quality estimating and determining optimal sowing dates examining factors that may affect wheat yield-density relationships, such as planting arrangement and date of sowing preventing seed decay and examining effects of mildews and leaf blights examining historical trends of the crop to see what further research needs to be done You'll also receive information on the genetic gains in wheat research that are improving the physiological traits and numerical components of this essential grain. Within Wheat, you'll find data and methods from international experts in the field that will improve the yield and growth of the world's most important crop.