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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
We are at the dawn of a new era in the study of hadronic nuclear physics. The non-Abelian nature of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and the resulting strong coupling at low energies represent a significant challenge to nuclear and particle physicists. The last decade has seen the development of new theoretical and experimental tools to quantitatively study the nature of confinement and the structure of hadrons comprised of light quarks and gluons. Together these will allow both the spectrum and the structure of hadrons to be elucidated in unprecedented detail. Exotic mesons that result from excitation of the gluon field will be explored. Multidimensional images of hadrons with great promise to reveal the dynamics of the key underlying degrees of freedom will be produced. In particular, these multidimensional distributions open a new window on the elusive spin content of the nucleon through observables that are directly related to the orbital angular momenta of quarks and gluons. Moreover, computational techniques in Lattice QCD now promise to provide insightful and quantitative predictions that can be meaningfully confronted with, and elucidated by, forthcoming experimental data. In addition, the development of extremely high intensity, highly polarized and extraordinarily stable beams of electrons provides innovative opportunities for probing (and extending) the Standard Model, both through parity violation studies and searches for new particles. Thus the 12 GeV upgrade of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab will enable a new experimental program with substantial discovery potential to address these and other important topics in nuclear, hadronic and electroweak physics.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
We are at the dawn of a new era in the study of hadronic nuclear physics. The non-Abelian nature of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and the resulting strong coupling at low energies represent a significant challenge to nuclear and particle physicists. The last decade has seen the development of new theoretical and experimental tools to quantitatively study the nature of confinement and the structure of hadrons comprised of light quarks and gluons. Together these will allow both the spectrum and the structure of hadrons to be elucidated in unprecedented detail. Exotic mesons that result from excitation of the gluon field will be explored. Multidimensional images of hadrons with great promise to reveal the dynamics of the key underlying degrees of freedom will be produced. In particular, these multidimensional distributions open a new window on the elusive spin content of the nucleon through observables that are directly related to the orbital angular momenta of quarks and gluons. Moreover, computational techniques in Lattice QCD now promise to provide insightful and quantitative predictions that can be meaningfully confronted with, and elucidated by, forthcoming experimental data. In addition, the development of extremely high intensity, highly polarized and extraordinarily stable beams of electrons provides innovative opportunities for probing (and extending) the Standard Model, both through parity violation studies and searches for new particles. Thus the 12 GeV upgrade of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab will enable a new experimental program with substantial discovery potential to address these and other important topics in nuclear, hadronic and electroweak physics.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Increasing the beam energy of the CEBAF accelerator to 12 GeV will greatly expand the physics opportunities to explore the nature of strongly interacting matter. The primary thrusts of the experimental program will include the study of quark confinement and the direct exploration of the quark-gluon structure of hadrons and nuclei in the valence-quark region.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
There has been a remarkable fruitful evolution of our picture of the behavior of strongly interacting matter during the almost two decades that have passed since the parameters of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab were defined. These advances have revealed important new experimental questions best addressed by a CEBAF-class machine at higher energy. Fortunately, favorable technical developments coupled with foresight in the design of the facility make it feasible to triple (double) CEBAF's design (achieved) beam energy from 4 (6) GeV to 12 GeV, in a cost-effective manner: the Upgrade can be realized for about 15% of the cost of the initial facility. This Upgrade would enable the worldwide community to greatly expand its physics horizons. In addition to in general improving the figure of merit and momentum transfer range of the present Jefferson Lab physics program, raising the energy of the accelerator to 12 GeV opens up two main new areas of physics: (1) It allows direct exploration of the quark-gluon structure of hadrons and nuclei in the ''valence quark region''. It is known that inclusive electron scattering at the high momentum and energy transfers available at 12 GeV is governed by elementary interactions with quarks and, indirectly, gluons. The original CEBAF energy is not adequate to study this critical region, while with continuous 12 GeV beams one can cleanly access the entire ''valence quark region'' and exploit the newly discovered Generalized Parton Distributions. In addition, a 12-GeV Jefferson Lab can essentially complete the studies of the transition from hadronic to quark-gluon degrees of freedom. (2) It allows crossing the threshold above which the origins of quark confinement can be investigated. Specifically, 12 GeV will enable the production of certain ''exotic'' mesons. Whereas in the QCD region of asymptotic freedom ample evidence for the role of gluons exist through the observation of gluon jets, direct evidence for the role of gluons in the QCD confinement region is still missing. Spectroscopy of light ''exotic'' mesons, with glue as essential part of their valence structure, would provide such essential evidence. In addition, with 12 GeV one crosses the threshold for charm production. The nearly final draft of the recent NSAC long-range plan states the 12 GeV Upgrade as one of three construction recommendations: ''We strongly recommend the upgrade of CEBAF at Jefferson Laboratory to 12 GeV as soon as possible. The 12 GeV upgrade of the unique CEBAF facility is critical for our continued leadership in the experimental study of hadronic matter.'' Presently, the status of the 12 GeV Upgrade is that the laboratory is waiting for ''CD-0'', a ''Statement of Mission Need'', approval by DOE. Conceptual Design Reports for both accelerator upgrades and the various experimental upgrades (Halls A, B, C, and D) are anticipated by September 15, 2002.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Nuclear physics requires at least one major facility world-wide which is capable of fully exploiting the properties of the electro-weak force to investigate precisely the structure of strongly interacting systems. At its current maximum energy of 6 GeV Jefferson Lab has provided a wealth of important information on the structure of nucleons and nuclei. However, the plans to double the energy over the next seven years promise to open new frontiers in nuclear and particle physics. We briefly describe the plans for the 12 GeV Upgrade and the associated physics opportunities.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The planned upgrade of the Jefferson Lab energy to 12 GeV will greatly expand capability of the facility to make profound contributions to the study of the nuclear and nucleon structure, and the strong interaction. In particular, it will allow direct exploration of the quark-gluon structure of hadrons and nuclei, and of quark confinement. The physics potential is illustrated with selected examples. The instrumentation under design to carry out the research program is also presented. The plan for an upgrade beyond 12 GeV is briefly discussed.
Author: Kees de Jager Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The project to upgrade the CEBAF accelerator at Jefferson Lab to 12 GeV is presented. Most of the research program supporting that upgrade, will require a highly polarized beam, as will be illustrated by a few selected examples. To carry out that research program will require an extensively upgraded instrumentation in two of the existing experimental halls and the addition of a fourth hall. The plans for a high-luminosity electron-ion collider are briefly discussed.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
CEBAF at Jefferson Lab is a 5-pass, recirculating cw electron linac operating at ~6 GeV and devoted to basic research in nuclear physics. The 12 GeV Upgrade is a major project, sponsored by the DOE Office of Nuclear Physics, that will expand its research capabilities substantially by doubling the maximum energy and adding major new experimental apparatus. We anticipate that the project will receive Critical Decision 2 approval this year and begin construction in 2008. The research program motivating the Upgrade includes: the study of hybrid mesons, which involve excited states of the glue, to explore the nature of quark confinement; dramatic improvements in our understanding of the QCD structure of the hadrons through the extension of our knowledge of their parton distribution functions to high xBjorken, where they are dominated by underlying valence quark structure, and a program of nucleon "tomography" via measurements of the Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs), a broad program of experiments in the physics of nuclei that aims to understand the QCD basis for the nucleon-nucleon force and how nucleons and mesons arise as an approximation to the underlying quark-gluon structure; and precision tests of the Standard Model through parity violating deep inelastic and Møller scattering. The Upgrade includes: doubling the accelerating voltages of the linacs by adding 10 new high-performance cryomodules; the requisite expansion of the 2K cryogenics plant and rf power systems to support these cryomodules; upgrading the beam transport system from 6 to 12 GeV through extensive re-use and/or modification of existing hardware; and the addition of one recirculation arc, a new experimental area, and the beamline to it; and the construction of major new experimental equipment for the GPD, high-xBjorken, and hybrid meson programs. The presentation will describe the science briefly and provide some details about the accelerator plans.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The upgrade of the CEBAF Accelerator at Jefferson Lab to 12 GeV will deliver high luminosity and high quality beams, which will open unique opportunities for studies of the quark and gluon structure of hadrons in the valence region. Such physics will be made accessible by substantial additions to the experimental equipment in combination with the increased energy reach of the upgraded machine. The emphasis of the talk will be on the program in a new experimental Hall D designed to search for gluonic excitations.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Prospects for energy upgrades of the CEBAF accelerator at Jefferson Laboratory are reviewed. The plans begin with the evolutionary upgrade of the maximum energy to 6 GeV, which is already in progress. This would be followed by a construction project to provide energies up to 12 GeV in a remarkably cost-effective manner. A further doubling of the beam energy to 24 GeV is also feasible. The physics that motivates the increase to 12 GeV is reviewed briefly. Then the features of the existing accelerator are outlined with particular emphasis on characteristics of the installed components and the tunnel that impact on possible energy upgrades. Next, the broad approach to increasing the beam energy to 12 GeV, preserving the 100% duty factor and 1 MW beam power of the present accelerator, is outlined. Issues associated with the parallel evolution of the capability of the experimental equipment are reviewed and a ''straw man'' solution is presented to stimulate discussion. Finally, prospects for a future 24 GeV upgrade are presented briefly.
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Author: Kees de Jager
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Author: Nathan Isgur