Physical Controls on Light and Nutrients in Coastal Regions Receiving Large Fluxes of Glacial Meltwater PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Physical Controls on Light and Nutrients in Coastal Regions Receiving Large Fluxes of Glacial Meltwater PDF full book. Access full book title Physical Controls on Light and Nutrients in Coastal Regions Receiving Large Fluxes of Glacial Meltwater by Hilde Oliver. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Hilde Oliver Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 526
Book Description
Rates of polar glacial melting are accelerating with rising global temperatures; these increasingly large freshwater fluxes impact coastal marine ecosystems. The meltwater delivered to the coastal ocean can affect light and/or nutrient availability for phytoplankton, which can potentially influence rates of primary productivity. With three idealized modeling studies, I examined the controls on light and nutrient availability in these high-latitude regions receiving large fluxes of glacial meltwater. The first of these studies investigates the potential for extreme melt events of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) to impact light availability for phytoplankton offshore. I used a 1-D phytoplankton model informed by the mixed layer depths from a Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) forced with subglacial runoff fluxes derived from a hydrological runoff model of the GrIS. The model shows that Greenland meltwater has the potential to extend the phytoplankton growing season into fall, and has the largest potential impact for light-limited primary production under lower-light conditions. The second study focuses on the intense phytoplankton bloom in the Amundsen Sea Polynya (ASP), which is the most productive of all Antarctic coastal polynyas. Observations from the polynya show that the ASP phytoplankton experience both light and iron stress. I used a 1-D light-, nitrate, and iron-limited phytoplankton model to investigate light and iron controls on primary productivity in the Amundsen Sea Polynya. The model suggests that light limitation from phytoplankton self-shading is most controlling for most of the bloom, and that combined light and iron limitation drive the bloom into decline. The third modeling study concerns the marine-terminating glacial fjords of Greenland, where meltwater discharged at depth can result in delivery of buoyantly-upwelled nutrient-rich water near the surface, where it may supply phytoplankton blooms. I used an idealized 3-D coupled physical-biogeochemical model of a fjord to investigate the fjord conditions best suited for export of these upwelled nutrients out of the fjord and onto the shelf. The model shows that shelf forcing, the discharge rate, and the discharge depth are the most important controls on the export of nutrients out of the fjord.
Author: Hilde Oliver Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 526
Book Description
Rates of polar glacial melting are accelerating with rising global temperatures; these increasingly large freshwater fluxes impact coastal marine ecosystems. The meltwater delivered to the coastal ocean can affect light and/or nutrient availability for phytoplankton, which can potentially influence rates of primary productivity. With three idealized modeling studies, I examined the controls on light and nutrient availability in these high-latitude regions receiving large fluxes of glacial meltwater. The first of these studies investigates the potential for extreme melt events of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) to impact light availability for phytoplankton offshore. I used a 1-D phytoplankton model informed by the mixed layer depths from a Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) forced with subglacial runoff fluxes derived from a hydrological runoff model of the GrIS. The model shows that Greenland meltwater has the potential to extend the phytoplankton growing season into fall, and has the largest potential impact for light-limited primary production under lower-light conditions. The second study focuses on the intense phytoplankton bloom in the Amundsen Sea Polynya (ASP), which is the most productive of all Antarctic coastal polynyas. Observations from the polynya show that the ASP phytoplankton experience both light and iron stress. I used a 1-D light-, nitrate, and iron-limited phytoplankton model to investigate light and iron controls on primary productivity in the Amundsen Sea Polynya. The model suggests that light limitation from phytoplankton self-shading is most controlling for most of the bloom, and that combined light and iron limitation drive the bloom into decline. The third modeling study concerns the marine-terminating glacial fjords of Greenland, where meltwater discharged at depth can result in delivery of buoyantly-upwelled nutrient-rich water near the surface, where it may supply phytoplankton blooms. I used an idealized 3-D coupled physical-biogeochemical model of a fjord to investigate the fjord conditions best suited for export of these upwelled nutrients out of the fjord and onto the shelf. The model shows that shelf forcing, the discharge rate, and the discharge depth are the most important controls on the export of nutrients out of the fjord.
Author: Bruno Latour Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 0262044455 Category : Art Languages : en Pages : 473
Book Description
Artists and writers portray the disorientation of a world facing climate change. This monumental volume, drawn from a 2020 exhibition at the ZKM Center for Art and Media, portrays the disorientation of life in world facing climate change. It traces this disorientation to the disconnection between two different definitions of the land on which modernizing humans live: the sovereign nation from which they derive their rights, and another one, hidden, from which they gain their wealth—the land they live on, and the land they live from. Charting the land they will inhabit, they find not a globe, not the iconic “blue marble,” but a series of critical zones—patchy, heterogenous, discontinuous. With short pieces, longer essays, and more than 500 illustrations, the contributors explore the new landscape on which it may be possible for humans to land—what it means to be “on Earth,” whether the critical zone, the Gaia, or the terrestrial. They consider geopolitical conflicts and tools redesigned for the new “geopolitics of life forms.” The “thought exhibition” described in this book can opens a fictional space to explore the new climate regime; the rest of the story is unknown. Contributors include Dipesh Chakrabarty, Pierre Charbonnier, Emanuele Coccia, Vinciane Despret, Jerôme Gaillarde, Donna Haraway, Joseph Leo Koerner, Timothy Lenton, Richard Powers, Simon Schaffer, Isabelle Stengers, Bronislaw Szerszynski, Jan A. Zalasiewicz, Siegfried Zielinski Copublished with ZKM | Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe
Author: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9781009157971 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 755
Book Description
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Author: James P.M. Syvitski Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461246326 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 381
Book Description
Fjords are both an interface and a buffer between glaciated continents and the oceans. They exhibit a very wide range in environmental conditions, both in dynamics and geography. Some are truly wonders of the world with their dizzying mountain slopes rising sharply from the ocean edge. Others represent some of the harshest conditions on earth, with hurricane winds, extremes in temperature, and catastrophic earth and ice movements. Fjords are unique estuaries and represent a large portion of the earth's coastal zone. Yet they are not very well known, given the increasing population and food pressures, and their present industrial and strategic importance. Temperate zone estuaries have had many more years of intense study, with multiyear data available. Most fjords have not been impacted by man but, if history repeats itself, that condition will not last long. Fjords present some unique environmental problems, such as their usually slow flushing time, a feature common to many silled environments. Thus there is presently a need for management guidelines, which can only be based on a thorough knowledge of the way fjords work. Fjords are, in many respects, perfect natural oceanographic and geologic lab oratories. Source inputs are easily identified and their resulting gradients are well developed. Throughout this book, we emphasize the potential of modeling pro cesses in fjords, with comparisons to other estuary, lake, shelf and slope, and open ocean environments.
Author: Egil Sakshaug Publisher: Tapir Academic Press ISBN: 9788251924610 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 596
Book Description
This book describes the marine ecosystem of the Barents Sea, located north of Norway and Russia as part of the Arctic Ocean. Basic knowledge is presented about components of the ecosystem from virus and bacteria via plankton and fish to seabirds through to marine mammals and their interactions with the physical environment. Ecosystem dynamics are given a prominent role in the book. Mathematical models of the plankton and important fish stocks are employed to help elucidate the interplay between populations and trophic levels. The situation regarding contaminants is reviewed, as is the newly established Norwegian plan for the management of the Barents Sea. The impact of global warming is also discussed. Ecosystem Barents Sea is written for all those with an interest in marine ecology in the arctic seas, including research institutes, governmental ecosystem management units, and natural resources organizations.
Author: The BACC II Author Team Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319160060 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 515
Book Description
This book is an update of the first BACC assessment, published in 2008. It offers new and updated scientific findings in regional climate research for the Baltic Sea basin. These include climate changes since the last glaciation (approx. 12,000 years ago), changes in the recent past (the last 200 years), climate projections up until 2100 using state-of-the-art regional climate models and an assessment of climate-change impacts on terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. There are dedicated new chapters on sea-level rise, coastal erosion and impacts on urban areas. A new set of chapters deals with possible causes of regional climate change along with the global effects of increased greenhouse gas concentrations, namely atmospheric aerosols and land-cover change. The evidence collected and presented in this book shows that the regional climate has already started to change and this is expected to continue. Projections of potential future climates show that the region will probably become considerably warmer and wetter in some parts, but dryer in others. Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have already shown adjustments to increased temperatures and are expected to undergo further changes in the near future. The BACC II Author Team consists of 141 scientists from 12 countries, covering various disciplines related to climate research and related impacts. BACC II is a project of the Baltic Earth research network and contributes to the World Climate Research Programme.
Author: Rüdiger Stein Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642189121 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 394
Book Description
The flux, preservation, and accumulation of organic carbon in marine systems are controlled by various mechanisms including primary p- duction of the surface water, supply of terrigenous organic matter from the surrounding continents, biogeochemical processes in the water column and at the seafloor, and sedimentation rate. For the world's oceans, phytoplankton productivity is by far the largest organic carbon 9 source, estimated to be about 30 to 50 Gt (10 tonnes) per year (Berger et al. 1989; Hedges and Keil 1995). By comparison, rivers contribute -1 about 0. 15 to 0. 23 Gt y of particulate organi.
Author: Edward J. Carpenter Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483288293 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 919
Book Description
Nitrogen in the Marine Environment provides information pertinent to the many aspects of the nitrogen cycle. This book presents the advances in ocean productivity research, with emphasis on the role of microbes in nitrogen transformations with excursions to higher trophic levels. Organized into 24 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the abundance and distribution of the various forms of nitrogen in a number of estuaries. This text then provides a comparison of the nitrogen cycling of various ecosystems within the marine environment. Other chapters consider chemical distributions and methodology as an aid to those entering the field. This book discusses as well the enzymology of the initial steps of inorganic nitrogen assimilation. The final chapter deals with the philosophy and application of modeling as an investigative method in basic research on nitrogen dynamics in coastal and open-ocean marine environments. This book is a valuable resource for plant biochemists, microbiologists, aquatic ecologists, and bacteriologists.
Author: Hilde Oliver
Author: Hilde Oliver
Author: Bruno Latour
Author: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Author: James P.M. Syvitski
Author: 
Author: Egil Sakshaug
Author: Walker O. Smith Jr.
Author: The BACC II Author Team
Author: Rüdiger Stein
Author: Edward J. Carpenter