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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic books Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
Background: Fear of crime in the neighborhood is hypothesized to play role in whether individuals will participate in physical activity. Research on this subject has shown inconsistent results. Studies have found three different outcomes, no significant association, a positive association, and a negative association between physical activity and fear of crime. The majority of studies have shown that those who do not fear crime in their neighborhood are more likely to be physically active then those who do. Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the relation of fear of crime within the neighborhood and physical activity level in middle-aged adults. Methods: Participants (n=680) completed three different sets of surveys and measurements that included a self-administered survey, telephone survey, and a home visit where physiological measures were taken. Recruitment took place from 2007 to 2012 in Maricopa County, Arizona. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the data from a cross sectional study of adults, aged 40-65 years. Results: The analysis shows a significant association between fear of crime and physical activity level when stratified by race and controlling for gender, age, BMI, education, and general health. Discussion: These findings indicate that the physical activity level of an adult is affected by their fear of crime in the neighborhoods where they live.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic books Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
Background: Fear of crime in the neighborhood is hypothesized to play role in whether individuals will participate in physical activity. Research on this subject has shown inconsistent results. Studies have found three different outcomes, no significant association, a positive association, and a negative association between physical activity and fear of crime. The majority of studies have shown that those who do not fear crime in their neighborhood are more likely to be physically active then those who do. Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the relation of fear of crime within the neighborhood and physical activity level in middle-aged adults. Methods: Participants (n=680) completed three different sets of surveys and measurements that included a self-administered survey, telephone survey, and a home visit where physiological measures were taken. Recruitment took place from 2007 to 2012 in Maricopa County, Arizona. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the data from a cross sectional study of adults, aged 40-65 years. Results: The analysis shows a significant association between fear of crime and physical activity level when stratified by race and controlling for gender, age, BMI, education, and general health. Discussion: These findings indicate that the physical activity level of an adult is affected by their fear of crime in the neighborhoods where they live.
Author: IchirÅ Kawachi Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 0195138384 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 369
Book Description
Do places make a difference to people's health and wellbeing? This book presents a state-of-the-art account of the theories, methods, and empirical evidence linking neighbourhood conditions to population health.
Author: Melissa Kealey Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 48
Book Description
Background Mobility, "the ability to move oneself [e.g., by walking, by using assistive devices, or by using transportation) within community environments that expand from one's home, to the neighborhood, and to regions beyond" (Webber, Porter et al. 2010)], is important to healthy aging. Walking, both for recreation and for transportation, has been suggested to be a particularly accessible, affordable, and safe way to be physically active. It is important to understand the barriers to and supports for walking in one's neighborhood for older adults. Neighborhood socioeconomic status and other neighborhood characteristics, such as perceived safety from crime, are associated with walking and physical activity. Health symptoms may also be important determinants of walking and physical activity for older adults. Objectives 1. Determine to what extent objective and perceived neighborhood characteristics of older adults vary by the socioeconomic status of the neighborhood. Determine what objective neighborhood and personal characteristics are associated with perceived neighborhood safety in older adults. 2. Determine the leading health symptoms reported by older people as causing difficulty when walking outdoors. 3. Determine the different physical activities engaged in by older men and women. Determine the association between both neighborhood socioeconomic status and perceived safety from crime and physical activity. Methods The study titled "Environmental Correlates of Physical Activity among Older Adults: A Healthy Aging Research Network (HAN) Collaboration" (referred to in this dissertation as the "HAN Walking Study") was designed to examine how the neighborhood environment may influence physical activity and walking behavior in older adults, and how this relationship may be modified by the functional capacity of older adults. Data were collected from 884 older adults at four sites across the country, from a diversity of physical environments. Data collection included in person interviews, lower-body functional capacity testing, accelerometers, walking diaries, and secondary GIS data. Results 1. Participants living in neighborhoods of low socioeconomic status (low SES) have objectively shorter block lengths, higher housing density, and more businesses. Participants living in low SES neighborhoods perceive that they are less safe from crime and traffic. They also perceive that their neighborhood is more densely populated with greater percentages of apartments and condominiums. Perceived crime safety is associated with both neighborhood characteristics as well as the characteristics of the people who live there. 2. Most participants report multiple barriers to walking outside. Overall, 95.5% report at least one health symptom or other barrier to walking, with a range of 0-37 and a mean of 7.9 barriers. 3. The most frequent types of activity reported by both women and men are light housework (93.0%) and shopping or running errands (93.0%), followed by walking at a normal or leisurely pace (77.7%). In a combined model, crime safety, but not neighborhood poverty or primary type of neighborhood housing, is associated with physical activity. Conclusions Walking is engaged in by the majority of both older men and women in this study. However, they perceive multiple barriers to walking. Neighborhood determinants of walking may be one pathway through which neighborhood socioeconomic status influences health outcomes. Perceived safety from crime is possibly an important neighborhood determinant of walking and physical activity. Further research is needed to determine how changes in neighborhoods as well as other interventions may reduce barriers and lead to increased walking behavior in older adults.
Author: Danielle R. Bouchard Publisher: Human Kinetics Publishers ISBN: 149257290X Category : Exercise for older people Languages : en Pages : 354
Book Description
"This book discusses the physical benefits of exercise and physical activity when aging without major diseases, making this book unique in the sense of its primary prevention focus"--
Author: Nicholas Freudenberg Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470483032 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 467
Book Description
Praise for Urban Health and Society "This is a spectacular resource for practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and students interested in improving the lives and health of individuals and families in urban settings. This book provides the most current frameworks, research, and approaches for understanding how unique features of the urban physical and social environments that shape the health of over half of the world's population that is already residing in large cities. Its interdisciplinary research and practice focus is a welcome innovation." Hortensia Amaro, associate dean, Urban Health Research; Distinguished Professor, Bouve College of Health Sciences; and director, Institute on Urban Health Research, Northeastern University "Urban Health and Society: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Research and Practice provides students in public health, urban planning, social work, and other professions with the critical knowledge and practical guidance they need to work as effective members of interdisciplinary teams aimed at studying and addressing urban health problems. Throughout the chapters, the book's attention to community participation, social justice, and equity as well as interdisciplinary research methods make it an invaluable resource." Barbara A. Israel, professor, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan "The book will be of great interest to academics, politicians, planners, and public health professionals attempting to understand or reduce urban health risks, create safe urban environments, and deliver effective and sustainable health services and programs to urban populations." Stephen Lepore, professor and PhD program director, Department of Public Health, Temple University
Author: Stuart Biddle Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 100036755X Category : Sports & Recreation Languages : en Pages : 647
Book Description
The positive benefits of physical activity for physical and mental health are now widely acknowledged, yet levels of physical inactivity continue to be a major concern throughout the world. Understanding the psychology of physical activity has therefore become an important issue for scientists, health professionals and policy-makers alike as they address the challenge of behaviour change. Psychology of Physical Activity provides comprehensive and in-depth coverage of the fundamentals of exercise psychology, from mental health, to theories of motivation and adherence, and to the design of successful interventions for increasing participation. Now publishing in a fully revised, updated and expanded fourth edition, Psychology of Physical Activity is still the only textbook to offer a full survey of the evidence base for theory and practice in exercise psychology, and the only textbook that explains how to interpret the quality of the research evidence. As the field continues to grow rapidly, the new edition expands the behavioural science content of numerous important topics, including physical activity and cognitive functioning, automatic and affective frameworks for understanding physical activity involvement, new interventions designed to increase physical activity (including use of new technologies), and sedentary behaviour. A full companion website offers useful features to help students and lecturers get the most out of the book during their course, including multiple-choice revision questions, PowerPoint slides and a test bank of additional learning activities. Psychology of Physical Activity is the most authoritative, engaging and up-to-date book on exercise psychology currently available. It is essential reading for all students working in behavioural medicine, as well as the exercise and health sciences.
Author: Luis J. Suau Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
When we asked about their fear of walk in their neighborhoods about 70% of the participants reported no fear of walking. However, almost half of the participants, especially in low income areas, are worried to become a victim of a crime in the future. High and low income neighborhoods showed age to have a negative association with moderate and vigorous physical activity while age and gender had a positive relation. This study can help determine why people in Hispanic communities engage or fail to engage in physical activity and how social and environmental variables influence participation.
Author: James M. Rippe Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1439845425 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1633
Book Description
There is no doubt that daily habits and actions exert a profound health impact. The fact that nutritional practices, level of physical activity, weight management, and other behaviors play key roles both in the prevention and treatment of most metabolic diseases has been recognized by their incorporation into virtually every evidence-based medical guideline. Despite this widespread recognition, physicians and other healthcare workers often cannot find a definitive and comprehensive source of information on all of these areas. Designed for physicians and other health care workers, Lifestyle Medicine, Second Edition brings together evidence-based research in multiple health-related fields to assist practitioners both in treating disease and promoting good health. Sections cover nutrition and exercise, behavioral psychology, public policy, and management of a range of disorders, including cardiovascular disease, endocrine and metabolic dysfunction, obesity, cancer, immunology and infectious diseases, pulmonary disorders, and many more.
Author: Sandro Galea Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387258221 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 594
Book Description
The editors are two of the most prominent researchers in this area. Both are at the Center for Urban Epidemiologic Studies. David Vlahov is particularly visible and known as the editor of the Journal of Urban Health. Sandro Galea is very prominent for his research on urban health; in particularly, research done on PTSD and children post-9/11. Thorough analysis of different populations in urban settings and specific health considerations Useful section on methods for the research audience. Applied in nature with section on prevention and interventions There are over 100 urban health centers in North America and there are no thorough, up-to-date ressources.
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Author: IchirÅ Kawachi
Author: Chanam Lee
Author: Melissa Kealey
Author: Danielle R. Bouchard
Author: Nicholas Freudenberg
Author: Stuart Biddle
Author: Luis J. Suau
Author: James M. Rippe
Author: Sandro Galea