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Author: Patrick Grim Publisher: State University of New York Press ISBN: 9781438404981 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 408
Book Description
This book both introduces the philosophy of science through examination of the occult and examines the occult rigorously enough to raise central issues in the philosophy of science. Placed in the context of the occult, philosophy of science issues become immediately understandable and forcefully compelling. Divergent views on astrology, parapsychology, and quantum mechanics mysticism emphasize topics standard to the philosophy of science. Such issues as confirmation and selection for testing, causality and time, explanation and the nature of scientific laws, the status of theoretical entities, the problem of demarcation, theory and observation, and science and values are discussed. Significantly revised, this second edition presents an entirely new section of quantum mechanics and mysticism including instructions from N. David Mermin for constructing a device which dramatically illustrates the genuinely puzzling phenomena of quantum mechanics. A more complete and current review of research on astrology has been included in this new edition, and the section on the problem of demarcation has been broadened.
Author: Patrick Grim Publisher: State University of New York Press ISBN: 9781438404981 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 408
Book Description
This book both introduces the philosophy of science through examination of the occult and examines the occult rigorously enough to raise central issues in the philosophy of science. Placed in the context of the occult, philosophy of science issues become immediately understandable and forcefully compelling. Divergent views on astrology, parapsychology, and quantum mechanics mysticism emphasize topics standard to the philosophy of science. Such issues as confirmation and selection for testing, causality and time, explanation and the nature of scientific laws, the status of theoretical entities, the problem of demarcation, theory and observation, and science and values are discussed. Significantly revised, this second edition presents an entirely new section of quantum mechanics and mysticism including instructions from N. David Mermin for constructing a device which dramatically illustrates the genuinely puzzling phenomena of quantum mechanics. A more complete and current review of research on astrology has been included in this new edition, and the section on the problem of demarcation has been broadened.
Author: Paul Eling Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1000388387 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 316
Book Description
During the 1790s in Vienna, German physician Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828) came forth with a new doctrine dealing with mind, brain and behavior—one that could account for individual differences. He maintained that there are many independent faculties of mind, each associated with a separate part of the brain. He fine-tuned his ideas and published two sets of books presenting them after he and his assistant, Johann Gaspar Spurzheim, settled in Paris in 1807. Gall's ideas had many supporters but were controversial and unsettling to others. In particular, the opposition ridiculed his belief that skull features reflect the growth of specific, underlying cortical organs, and hence correlate with personality traits (i.e., his ‘bumpology’). Gall’s fundamental ideas about the mind and organization of the brain were debated across the globe, and they also began to be exploited by unscrupulous businessmen, ‘professors’ who ‘read skulls’ for a living. But, as some historians have shown, his ideas about mind, brain and behavior led to the modern neurosciences. The chapters collected in this volume provide new insights into Gall’s thinking and what Spurzheim did, and the faddish movement called ‘phrenology’, which originated as a science of humankind but became a popular source of entertainment. All chapters were originally published in various issues of the Journal of the History of the Neurosciences.
Author: Martin Gardner Publisher: Courier Corporation ISBN: 0486131629 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 385
Book Description
Fair, witty appraisal of cranks, quacks, and quackeries of science and pseudoscience: hollow earth, Velikovsky, orgone energy, Dianetics, flying saucers, Bridey Murphy, food and medical fads, and much more.
Author: William R. Uttal Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 0262710102 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
William Uttal is concerned that in an effort to prove itself a hard science, psychology may have thrown away one of its most important methodological tools—a critical analysis of the fundamental assumptions that underlie day-to-day empirical research. In this book Uttal addresses the question of localization: whether psychological processes can be defined and isolated in a way that permits them to be associated with particular brain regions. New, noninvasive imaging technologies allow us to observe the brain while it is actively engaged in mental activities. Uttal cautions, however, that the excitement of these new research tools can lead to a neuroreductionist wild goose chase. With more and more cognitive neuroscientific data forthcoming, it becomes critical to question their limitations as well as their potential. Uttal reviews the history of localization theory, presents the difficulties of defining cognitive processes, and examines the conceptual and technical difficulties that should make us cautious about falling victim to what may be a "neo-phrenological" fad.
Author: Sally Satel Publisher: Basic Civitas Books ISBN: 0465018777 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 258
Book Description
Demonstrates how the explanatory power of brain scans in particular and neuroscience more generally has been overestimated, arguing that the overzealous application of brain science has undermined notions of free will and responsibility.
Author: Courtney E. Thompson Publisher: Rutgers University Press ISBN: 1978813082 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 151
Book Description
Finalist for the 2022 Cheiron Book Prize An Organ of Murder explores the origins of both popular and elite theories of criminality in the nineteenth-century United States, focusing in particular on the influence of phrenology. In the United States, phrenology shaped the production of medico-legal knowledge around crime, the treatment of the criminal within prisons and in public discourse, and sociocultural expectations about the causes of crime. The criminal was phrenology’s ideal research and demonstration subject, and the courtroom and the prison were essential spaces for the staging of scientific expertise. In particular, phrenology constructed ways of looking as well as a language for identifying, understanding, and analyzing criminals and their actions. This work traces the long-lasting influence of phrenological visual culture and language in American culture, law, and medicine, as well as the practical uses of phrenology in courts, prisons, and daily life.
Author: Stanley Finger Publisher: ISBN: 0190464623 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 585
Book Description
Franz Joseph Gall, a dedicated physician and scientist, is unfortunately most remembered for his controversial doctrine that would become known as phrenology. Although often portrayed as a discredited buffoon who believed he could assess a person's strengths and weaknesses by measuring cranial bumps, Gall strove to answer pressing questions about the mind, brain, and behavior. His career began in Vienna during the 1790s and ended with his death in Paris in 1828. This work presents a fresh look at Gall, both his life and seminal ideas, some of which--for example, cortical localization of function--would become tenets of modern behavioral neuroscience.
Author: James Poskett Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0226820645 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 382
Book Description
Phrenology was the most popular mental science of the Victorian age. From American senators to Indian social reformers, this new mental science found supporters stretching around the globe. Materials of the Mind tells the story of how phrenology changed the world--and how the world changed phrenology. This is a story of skulls from the Arctic, plaster casts from Haiti, books from Bengal, and letters from the Pacific. Drawing on far-flung museum and archival collections, and addressing sources in six different languages, Materials of the Mind is the first substantial account of science in the nineteenth century as part of global history. It shows how the circulation of material culture underpinned the emergence of a new materialist philosophy of the mind, while also demonstrating how a global approach to history could help us reassess issues such as race, technology, and politics today.
Author: Stephen Michael Kosslyn Publisher: Simon and Schuster ISBN: 1451645104 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
Presents a new theory of personality types that describes how the top and bottom parts of the brain work together which differs from the left brain vs. right brain theory. In doing so, four modes of thought are introduced: Mover, Perceiver, Stimulator, and Adaptor.
Author: Patrick Grim
Author: Patrick Grim
Author: Paul Eling
Author: Martin Gardner
Author: Kevin J. Hayes
Author: William R. Uttal
Author: Sally Satel
Author: Courtney E. Thompson
Author: Stanley Finger
Author: James Poskett
Author: Stephen Michael Kosslyn