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Author: C.M. Soukoulis Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1489916067 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 509
Book Description
This volume contains the papers presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Localization and Propagation o[ Classical Waves in Random and Periodic Media held in Aghia Pelaghia, Heraklion, Crete, May 26- 30, 1992. The workshop's goal was to bring together theorists and experimentalists from two related areas, localization and photonic band gaps, to highlight their common interests. The objectives of the workshop were (i) to assess the state of-the-art in experimental and theoretical studies of structures exhibiting classical wave band gaps and/or localization, (ii) to discuss how such structures can be fabricated to improve technologies in different areas of physics and engineering, and (iii) to identify problems and set goals for further research. Studies of the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves in periodic and/or disordered dielectric structures (photonic band gap structures) have been and continue to be a dynamic area of research. Anderson localization of EM waves in disordered dielectric structures is of fundamental interest where the strong ei-ei interaction efFects entering the eIectron-localization are absent.
Author: J.G. Rarity Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400903138 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 600
Book Description
The control of optical modes in microcavities or in photonic bandgap (PBG) materials is coming of age! Although these ideas could have been developed some time ago, it is only recently that they have emerged, due to advances in both atomic physics and in fabrication techniques, be it on the high-quality dielectric mirrors required for high-finesse Fabry Perot resonators or in semiconductor multilayer deposition methods. Initially the principles of quantum electro-dynamics (QED) were demonstrated in elegant atomic physics experiments. Now solid-state implementations are being investigated, with several subtle differences from the atomic case such as those due to their continuum of electronic states or the near Boson nature of their elementary excitations, the exciton. Research into quantum optics brings us ever newer concepts with potential to improve system performance such as photon squeezing, quantum cryptography, reversible taps, photonic de Broglie waves and quantum computers. The possibility of implementing these ideas with solid-state systems gives us hope that some could indeed find their way to the market, demonstrating the continuing importance of basic research for applications, be it in a somewhat more focused way than in earlier times for funding.
Author: C.M. Soukoulis Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400916655 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 725
Book Description
Photonic band gap crystals offer unique ways to tailor light and the propagation of electromagnetic waves. In analogy to electrons in a crystal, EM waves propagating in a structure with a periodically-modulated dielectric constant are organized into photonic bands separated by gaps in which propagating states are forbidden. Proposed applications of such photonic band gap crystals, operating at frequencies from microwave to optical, include zero- threshold lasers, low-loss resonators and cavities, and efficient microwave antennas. Spontaneous emission is suppressed for photons in the photonic band gap, offering novel approaches to manipulating the EM field and creating high-efficiency light-emitting structures. Photonic Band Gap Materials identifies three most promising areas of research. The first is materials fabrication, involving the creation of high quality, low loss, periodic dielectric structures. The smallest photonic crystals yet fabricated have been made by machining Si wafers along (110), and some have lattice constants as small as 500 microns. The second area is in applications. Possible applications presented are microwave mirrors, directional antennas, resonators (especially in the 2 GHz region), filters, waveguides, Y splitters, and resonant microcavities. The third area covers fundamentally new physical phenomena in condensed matter physics and quantum optics. An excellent review of recent development, covering theoretical, experimental and applied aspects. Interesting and stimulating reading for active researchers, as well as a useful reference for non-specialists.
Author: John D. Joannopoulos Publisher: Princeton University Press ISBN: 1400828244 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 305
Book Description
Since it was first published in 1995, Photonic Crystals has remained the definitive text for both undergraduates and researchers on photonic band-gap materials and their use in controlling the propagation of light. This newly expanded and revised edition covers the latest developments in the field, providing the most up-to-date, concise, and comprehensive book available on these novel materials and their applications. Starting from Maxwell's equations and Fourier analysis, the authors develop the theoretical tools of photonics using principles of linear algebra and symmetry, emphasizing analogies with traditional solid-state physics and quantum theory. They then investigate the unique phenomena that take place within photonic crystals at defect sites and surfaces, from one to three dimensions. This new edition includes entirely new chapters describing important hybrid structures that use band gaps or periodicity only in some directions: periodic waveguides, photonic-crystal slabs, and photonic-crystal fibers. The authors demonstrate how the capabilities of photonic crystals to localize light can be put to work in devices such as filters and splitters. A new appendix provides an overview of computational methods for electromagnetism. Existing chapters have been considerably updated and expanded to include many new three-dimensional photonic crystals, an extensive tutorial on device design using temporal coupled-mode theory, discussions of diffraction and refraction at crystal interfaces, and more. Richly illustrated and accessibly written, Photonic Crystals is an indispensable resource for students and researchers. Extensively revised and expanded Features improved graphics throughout Includes new chapters on photonic-crystal fibers and combined index-and band-gap-guiding Provides an introduction to coupled-mode theory as a powerful tool for device design Covers many new topics, including omnidirectional reflection, anomalous refraction and diffraction, computational photonics, and much more.
Author: Concita Sibilia Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 8847008441 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 289
Book Description
The aim of the work is give an overview of the activity in the field of Photonic Crystal developed in the frame of COST P11 action . The main objective of the COST P11 action was to unify and coordinate national efforts aimed at studying linear and nonlinear optical interactions with Photonic Crystals (PCs), without neglecting an important aspect related to the material research as idea and methods of realizations of 3D PC, together with the development and implementation of measurement techniques for the experimental evaluation of their potential applications in different area, as for example telecommunication with novel optical fibers, lasers, nonlinear multi-functionality, display devices, opto-electronics, sensors. The book contains contributions from authors who gave their lecture at the Cost P11 Training School.
Author: Anders Bjarklev Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461504759 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
Photonic Crystal Fibres describes the fundamental properties of the optical waveguides known under the terms of photonic crystal fibres, microstructured fibres, or holey fibres. It outlines how the fibres are designed and fabricated, and how they are treated from a theoretical and numerical point of view. The book presents a detailed description of the different classes of photonic crystal and photonic bandgap fibres, and it broadens out a spectrum of novel applications and new fibre types.
Author: Elias Burstein Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461519632 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 900
Book Description
The optical properties of semiconductors have played an important role since the identification of semiconductors as "small" bandgap materials in the thinies, due both to their fundamental interest as a class of solids baving specific optical propenies and to their many important applications. On the former aspect we can cite the fundamental edge absorption and its assignment to direct or indirect transitions, many-body effects as revealed by exciton formation and photoconductivity. On the latter aspect, large-scale applications sucb as LEDs and lasers, photovoltaic converters, photodetectors, electro-optics and non-linear optic devices, come to mind. The eighties saw a revitalization of the whole field due to the advent of heterostructures of lower-dimensionality, mainly two-dimensional quantum wells, which through their enhanced photon-matter interaction yielded new devices with unsurpassed performance. Although many of the basic phenomena were evidenced through the seventies, it was this impact on applications which in turn led to such a massive investment in fabrication tools, thanks to which many new structures and materials were studied, yielding funher advances in fundamental physics.
Author: Heinz-Peter Breuer Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 9780198520634 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 648
Book Description
This book treats the central physical concepts and mathematical techniques used to investigate the dynamics of open quantum systems. To provide a self-contained presentation the text begins with a survey of classical probability theory and with an introduction into the foundations of quantum mechanics with particular emphasis on its statistical interpretation. The fundamentals of density matrix theory, quantum Markov processes and dynamical semigroups are developed. The most important master equations used in quantum optics and in the theory of quantum Brownian motion are applied to the study of many examples. Special attention is paid to the theory of environment induced decoherence, its role in the dynamical description of the measurement process and to the experimental observation of decohering Schrodinger cat states. The book includes the modern formulation of open quantum systems in terms of stochastic processes in Hilbert space. Stochastic wave function methods and Monte Carlo algorithms are designed and applied to important examples from quantum optics and atomic physics, such as Levy statistics in the laser cooling of atoms, and the damped Jaynes-Cummings model. The basic features of the non-Markovian quantum behaviour of open systems are examined on the basis of projection operator techniques. In addition, the book expounds the relativistic theory of quantum measurements and discusses several examples from a unified perspective, e.g. non-local measurements and quantum teleportation. Influence functional and super-operator techniques are employed to study the density matrix theory in quantum electrodynamics and applications to the destruction of quantum coherence are presented. The text addresses graduate students and lecturers in physics and applied mathematics, as well as researchers with interests in fundamental questions in quantum mechanics and its applications. Many analytical methods and computer simulation techniques are developed and illustrated with the help of numerous specific examples. Only a basic understanding of quantum mechanics and of elementary concepts of probability theory is assumed.
Author: Gang Bao Publisher: SIAM ISBN: 9780898717594 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 349
Book Description
This volume addresses recent developments in mathematical modeling in three areas of optical science: diffractive optics, photonic band gap structures, and waveguides. Particular emphasis is on the formulation of mathematical models and the design and analysis of new computational approaches. The book contains cutting-edge discourses on emerging technology in optics that provides significant challenges and opportunities for applied mathematicians, researchers, and engineers.
Author: C.M. Soukoulis
Author: C.M. Soukoulis
Author: C.M. Soukoulis
Author: J.G. Rarity
Author: C.M. Soukoulis
Author: John D. Joannopoulos
Author: Concita Sibilia
Author: Anders Bjarklev
Author: Elias Burstein
Author: Heinz-Peter Breuer
Author: Gang Bao