Phosphorus and Sediment Runoff Loss PDF Download

Author: Martin D. Jacobson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural pollution
Languages : en
Pages : 20

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Book Description

Author: Ahmed M. Al-wadaey
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109146158
Category : Agricultural pollution
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description

Author: T. C. Daniel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nonpoint source pollution
Languages : en
Pages : 8

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Book Description

Author: James M. Omernik
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Stream ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 44

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Book Description

Author: Forrest Stephen Kalk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : APEX
Languages : en
Pages : 236

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Book Description
Due to the negative consequences of elevated nutrients in surface water, research in the Lower Fox River Watershed in northeastern Wisconsin has focused on monitoring, quantifying, and defining techniques to reduce nutrient and sediment runoff. To support these efforts, the United States Geological Service and University of Wisconsin – Green Bay have been collecting data during runoff events at edge of field locations for several years. My research uses these critical data to parameterize an Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender (APEX) model to predict runoff, nutrient loads, and sediment loads from cropland. Data from three sites were used to both manually and automatically calibrate the model, and six additional sites were used in the validation of the model. I attempted to improve model predictions during snowmelt periods and for estimates of dissolved phosphorus (DP). Results show that the manually calibrated model out-performed the automatically calibrated model in nearly all comparisons. Runoff, sediment, total phosphorus (TP), and dissolved phosphorus (DP) were all successfully calibrated by the manual model. The automatic model only had reasonable estimates for runoff volumes. Validation of both models were poor overall, although several locations produced acceptable results both statistically and when visualized graphically. Generally, estimates of runoff were most successful during model validation, with slightly weaker estimates of sediment, TP, and DP. Simulation of snowmelt periods remained poor. The fraction of TP that's in the soluble form was simulated more realistically in comparison to previous research.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069483
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 422

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Book Description
Environmental problems in coastal ecosystems can sometimes be attributed to excess nutrients flowing from upstream watersheds into estuarine settings. This nutrient over-enrichment can result in toxic algal blooms, shellfish poisoning, coral reef destruction, and other harmful outcomes. All U.S. coasts show signs of nutrient over-enrichment, and scientists predict worsening problems in the years ahead. Clean Coastal Waters explains technical aspects of nutrient over-enrichment and proposes both immediate local action by coastal managers and a longer-term national strategy incorporating policy design, classification of affected sites, law and regulation, coordination, and communication. Highlighting the Gulf of Mexico's "Dead Zone," the Pfiesteria outbreak in a tributary of Chesapeake Bay, and other cases, the book explains how nutrients work in the environment, why nitrogen is important, how enrichment turns into over-enrichment, and why some environments are especially susceptible. Economic as well as ecological impacts are examined. In addressing abatement strategies, the committee discusses the importance of monitoring sites, developing useful models of over-enrichment, and setting water quality goals. The book also reviews voluntary programs, mandatory controls, tax incentives, and other policy options for reducing the flow of nutrients from agricultural operations and other sources.

Author: Terry J. Logan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural pollution
Languages : en
Pages : 36

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Book Description
This report examines and summarizes published and some unpublished data on the relative effects of conservation tillage (primarily no till) versus conventional tillage on surface runoff, soil loss and phosphorus loss. The data show that conservation tillage increased runoff relative to conventional tillage on soils with poor internal drainage and reduced runoff on more permeable soils. Conservation tillage greatly reduced soil loss and total particulate P (TPP) loss, but the percent reduction of TPP was only 89% of the percent reduction in soil loss. Conservation tillage increased soluble P (OP) losses in all cases. Conservation tillage was less effective in reducing plant-available (Bray P1) phosphate than in reducing TPP. P fertilization in excess of crop needs increased soluble P losses in runoff, and the effect of P fertilization on soluble P losses was greatest with no till because of P accumulation at the surface. (Author).

Author: Robert R. Bradford
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fertilizers
Languages : en
Pages : 60

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrology
Languages : en
Pages : 28

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Book Description

Author: H. Tunney
Publisher: Cabi
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 488

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Book Description
Eutrophication, caused by phosphorus enrichment, is not a new environmental problem. The persistence of eutrophication in an era when many point-source phosphorus inputs have been curtailed has turned the focus of attention to agricultural phosphorus. A workshop was held in Ireland in 1995 to discuss factors controlling phosphorus losses to water from agriculture. This book presents the proceedings of the workshop and consists of 18 chapters by the invited speakers and three chapters with the 45 poster papers displayed at the workshop.