Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Organic compounds
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Phase distributions of low volatility organics in ambient air
Author: Phase distributions of low volatility organics in ambient air
Author: ORD Publications Announcement
Author: Center for Environmental Research Information (U.S.)Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 36
Book Description
Proceedings of the 1986 EPA/APCA Symposium on Measurement of Toxic Air Pollutants
Author: Measurement and Characterization of Low Volatility Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere
Author: Jonathan Pfeil FranklinPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 100
Book Description
Organic aerosol is a central topic in environmental science due to its role in climate forcing and negative health effects. The transformation of organic species from primary gas phase emissions to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is highly complex and poorly understood, proving difficult for even stateof- the-art computational models to predict. This thesis describes the in-depth characterization and redesign of a previously developed technique for the quantification of intermediate volatility organic compounds (IVOCs), which are compounds with saturation vapor pressures of 103-107 [mu]g/m3. This analytical technique, the thermal-desorption electron ionization mass spectrometer (TD-EIMS) provides a volatility separated, bulk measurement of IVOCs and will be used to investigate the primary emissions as well as production and evolution of IVOCs in a series of experiments described in this thesis. Primary emissions of IVOCs have been previously measured in vehicle exhaust and have been theorized as a significant precursor to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in urban atmospheres. IVOCs are predominately emitted during cold start periods, but maintain a similar chemical composition across all engine states. As emissions controls have tightened, emissions of non-methane hydrocarbons and primary particulate matter have decreased, however emissions of IVOCs have only decreased significantly (as much as 80%) between the newest ULEV and SULEV emissions control tiers. Laboratory studies examining the atmospheric oxidation of common biogenic and anthropogenic SOA precursors in environmental "smog" chambers show different production and evolution profiles of IVOCs. The comparison of IVOCs measured by the TD-EIMS with other analytical techniques sampling in parallel show the TD-EIMS may detect a previously characterized fraction of carbon. Production of secondary low volatility organic compounds can also occur in low oxygen systems, such as in planetary atmospheres or in the process of soot formation. Ultraviolet light or heat can form radical hydrocarbon species, which, in low oxygen environments, will react with other hydrocarbon or radical species, undergoing oxidation by molecular growth. Particles made from ethane and ethylene are composed of very saturated compounds. The particles produced from the photolysis of acetylene are fundamentally different showing significantly larger molecule sizes and substantially higher degrees of unsaturation. The results from this thesis demonstrate measurements of the production and evolution of primary and secondary low volatility organic gases by new analytical techniques and provide a new insight to the complex chemical processes in the atmosphere leading to the production of secondary organic aerosol.
EPA Publications Bibliography
Author: United States. Environmental Protection AgencyPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental protection
Languages : en
Pages : 496
Book Description
Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 1048
Book Description
Mobility and Degradation of Organic Contaminants in Subsurface Environments
Author: Warren J. LymanPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000115313
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 404
Book Description
This book identifies the most important "rules" governing transport, partitioning, retention and transformation of leaked motor fuels in the underground environment. It examines micro-scale fate and transport processes as a means toward promoting a better understanding of larger scale movement of contaminants. Environmental scientists, engineers, consultants, and managers will find Mobility and Degradation of Organic Contaminants in Subsurface Environments to be a useful technical handbook. Less experienced users will appreciate its in-depth explanations of the fate and transport processes vital to effective remedial response. More experienced users will use the book as a source of information, data and equations to support quantitative assessments of pollutant fate and transport.
Environmental Sampling for Trace Analysis
Author: Bernd MarkertPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527615865
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 554
Book Description
Often too little attention is given to the sampling before and after actual instrumental measurement. This leads to errors, despite increasingly sensitive analytical systems. This is one of the first books to pay proper attention to representative sampling. It offers an overview of the most common techniques used today for taking environmental samples. The techniques are clearly presented, yield accurate and reproducible results and can be used to sample - air - water - soils and sediments - plants and animals. A comprehensive handbook, this volume provides an excellent starting point for researchers in the rapidly expanding field of environmental analysis.
EPA Publications Bibliography
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental protection
Languages : en
Pages : 1724
Book Description
"Consolidates into one publication all reports previously published in the EPA publications bibliography quarterly abstract bulletin, from its inception in 1977 ..."--Foreword, 1977/1983.