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Author: Deepti Chittamuru Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Background: One of the biggest racial health disparities in the US concerns HIV/AIDS. African Americans have considerably higher rates of HIV/AIDS than do Whites, Hispanics, Asians, and Native Americans. The predominant approach to prevention has been to mount individual- or small-group multisession behavioral interventions. The reach of such interventions is very limited and thus, the field of HIV prevention has called for structural interventions that reach many people in their natural environments. This dissertation evaluates a serial drama, "Reality Check," which is a structural HIV prevention intervention for, 18-24 year old African Americans.Theory: Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory was used in the development of the intervention. Fishbein and Ajzen's Reasoned Action approach, was used to inform the survey instrument and statistical analysis models. Intervention: "Reality Check" is a 13-episode serial drama. Each day a new 6-9 minute, episode was streamed online while all previous episodes were available on the study's website. In addition to streaming the episodes, emails giving the locations of local venues where free HIV testing is available were sent, so that the barrier of not knowing will not interfere with viewers' ability to be tested should they decide to get tested. Method: A randomized controlled trial with baseline and multiple post- intervention assessments was used to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention. A total of 203 African Americans (162 women and 41 men) aged between 18 and 24 years located anywhere in the United States participated in the study. Confidential online longitudinal surveys were conducted at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and three months after the end of the intervention. The primary outcomes were condomless sex and HIV testing. Results: The intervention reduced the number of times participants reported having condomless sex but did not affect HIV testing. It also reduced homophobia and HIV/AIDS stigma as well as the number of times participants reported having vaginal sexual intercourse. Attrition was remarkably low with 93% and 87% of the participants completing the immediate-post intervention and 3-month follow-up assessments respectively.
Author: Deepti Chittamuru Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Background: One of the biggest racial health disparities in the US concerns HIV/AIDS. African Americans have considerably higher rates of HIV/AIDS than do Whites, Hispanics, Asians, and Native Americans. The predominant approach to prevention has been to mount individual- or small-group multisession behavioral interventions. The reach of such interventions is very limited and thus, the field of HIV prevention has called for structural interventions that reach many people in their natural environments. This dissertation evaluates a serial drama, "Reality Check," which is a structural HIV prevention intervention for, 18-24 year old African Americans.Theory: Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory was used in the development of the intervention. Fishbein and Ajzen's Reasoned Action approach, was used to inform the survey instrument and statistical analysis models. Intervention: "Reality Check" is a 13-episode serial drama. Each day a new 6-9 minute, episode was streamed online while all previous episodes were available on the study's website. In addition to streaming the episodes, emails giving the locations of local venues where free HIV testing is available were sent, so that the barrier of not knowing will not interfere with viewers' ability to be tested should they decide to get tested. Method: A randomized controlled trial with baseline and multiple post- intervention assessments was used to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention. A total of 203 African Americans (162 women and 41 men) aged between 18 and 24 years located anywhere in the United States participated in the study. Confidential online longitudinal surveys were conducted at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and three months after the end of the intervention. The primary outcomes were condomless sex and HIV testing. Results: The intervention reduced the number of times participants reported having condomless sex but did not affect HIV testing. It also reduced homophobia and HIV/AIDS stigma as well as the number of times participants reported having vaginal sexual intercourse. Attrition was remarkably low with 93% and 87% of the participants completing the immediate-post intervention and 3-month follow-up assessments respectively.
Author: Richard M. Perloff Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1135665435 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 311
Book Description
Persuading People to Have Safer Sex offers a lucid, in-depth, student-friendly and academically thorough discussion of AIDS prevention and health persuasion. In so doing it provides an introduction to the ways that social scientific research can be brought to bear on a daunting health problem. Covering many aspects of the AIDS crisis, the book introduces readers to the severity of the AIDS problem and explains the epidemiology of the disease. It discusses why persuasion is so important, explicates cognitive theories of AIDS prevention, and notes the role emotions and communication play in safer sex prevention. It also discusses: *functions that unsafe sex plays in peoples' lives; *why people, notably minority women, frequently choose to engage in unsafe sex; and *social factors underlying the spread of AIDS in urban America and portions of Africa. As a resource for introducing students to the role that theory and research play in health communication and psychology, the volume is appropriate for use in communication, journalism, social psychology, and public health courses, and will be of value to scholars, researchers, and all who seek to understand the use of persuasion in changing behavior.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309090180 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 369
Book Description
The AIDS epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa continues to affect all facets of life throughout the subcontinent. Deaths related to AIDS have driven down the life expectancy rate of residents in Zambia, Kenya, and Uganda with far-reaching implications. This book details the current state of the AIDS epidemic in Africa and what is known about the behaviors that contribute to the transmission of the HIV infection. It lays out what research is needed and what is necessary to design more effective prevention programs.
Author: Alexander Meschtscherjakov Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031309332 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 435
Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Persuasive Technology, PERSUASIVE 2023, held in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, April 19–21, 2023. The 24 full papers and 2 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 69 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Persuasive Technologies in Virtual and Augmented Reality; Persuasive Strategies; Persuasive Design and Applications; Methods for Tailoring and Personalisation; Artificial Persuasive Agents; Gamification; and Personal Factors in Persuasion.
Author: Raian Ali Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030794601 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 330
Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Persuasive Technology, PERSUASIVE 2021, held as a virtual event, in April 2021. The 17 full papers presented in this book together with 8 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 67 submissions. The papers are grouped in topical sections as follows: persuasive affective technology; digital marketing, ecommerce, etourism and smart ecosystems; and persuasion and education.
Author: Calvin Gwandure Publisher: Xlibris Corporation ISBN: 1543489648 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 263
Book Description
Ruth Gwandure earned her master of science degree in medicine (bioethics and law) from the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. Her research and consulting fields include bioethics, health law, environmental bioethics, research ethics, HIV and AIDS, ethics and law, clinical ethics, and HIV counselling and testing in schools. Calvin Gwandure has a PhD in psychology. He graduated from Nelson Mandela University, South Africa. His research and consulting fields include HIV and AIDS prevention, new HIV prevention technologies, HIV risk behavior, and group behavior. Clinical trials on HIV and AIDS prevention face challenges associated with infection of participants with HIV and sexually transmitted infections. Participants also experience adverse events associated with voluntary medical male circumcision and the use of microbicides and vaccines in clinical trials. The results obtained from clinical trials investigating the efficacy of microbicides and vaccines in preventing HIV infection are disappointing, but there is hope that one day a breakthrough could be made. Clinical trials on voluntary medical male circumcision and preexposure prophylaxis have shown positive results that warranted approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The major challenge experienced in new HIV prevention clinical trials that are underway and in approved interventions that are being scaled up apparently relates to HIV incidence that threatens the social value and scientific validity of the interventions. Paradoxically, the clinical trials and scale-up interventions have become the new sources of HIV infection although the hypothesized benefit to be realized in the end is conceptualized as outweighing the current risks involved.
Author: Jaap Ham Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319789783 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 315
Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Persuasive Technology, PERSUASIVE 2018, held in Waterloo, ON, Canada, in April 2018. The 21 revised full papers and 4 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 59 submissions. The papers demonstrate how persuasive technologies can help solve societal issues. They explore new frontiers for persuasive technology, such as personalized persuasion, new sensor usage, uses of big data, and new ways of creating engagement through gaming or social connection, focusing on a variety of technologies (e.g., web, wearables, AI, and smart environments). The papers are organized in the following topical sections: social means to persuasion; nudging and just-in-time interventions; design principles and practices; persuasive games; personalization and tailoring; and theoretical reflections.
Author: Thomas Ploug Publisher: Springer ISBN: 364213226X Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 309
Book Description
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Persuasive Technology, PERSUASIVE 2010, held in Copenhagen Denmark in June 2010. The 25 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 80 submissions. In addition three keynote papers are included in this volume. The topics covered are emotions and user experience, ambient persuasive systems, persuasive design, persuasion profiles, designing for health, psychology of persuasion, embodied and conversational agents, economic incentives, and future directions for persuasive technology.
Author: Harri Oinas-Kukkonen Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540685006 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 300
Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Persuasive Technology, PERSUASIVE 2008, held in Oulu, Finland, in June 2008. The 17 revised full papers and 12 revised short papers presented together with 3 keynote papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 63 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on social network systems, knowledge management, applications, conceptual frameworks, perspectives on persuasive technology, peer-to-peer and social networks, self-persuasion and timing, well-being applications, and theoretical considerations.
Author: H. Dan O'Hair Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119399874 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 1100
Book Description
An authoritative survey of different contexts, methodologies, and theories of applied communication The field of Applied Communication Research (ACR) has made substantial progress over the past five decades in studying communication problems, and in making contributions to help solve them. Changes in society, human relationships, climate and the environment, and digital media have presented myriad contexts in which to apply communication theory. The Handbook of Applied Communication Research addresses a wide array of contemporary communication issues, their research implications in various contexts, and the challenges and opportunities for using communication to manage problems. This innovative work brings together the diverse perspectives of a team of notable international scholars from across disciplines. The Handbook of Applied Communication Research includes discussion and analysis spread across two comprehensive volumes. Volume one introduces ACR, explores what is possible in the field, and examines theoretical perspectives, organizational communication, risk and crisis communication, and media, data, design, and technology. The second volume focuses on real-world communication topics such as health and education communication, legal, ethical, and policy issues, and volunteerism, social justice, and communication activism. Each chapter addresses a specific issue or concern, and discusses the choices faced by participants in the communication process. This important contribution to communication research: Explores how various communication contexts are best approached Addresses balancing scientific findings with social and cultural issues Discusses how and to what extent media can mitigate the effects of adverse events Features original findings from ongoing research programs and original communication models and frameworks Presents the best available research and insights on where current research and best practices should move in the future A major addition to the body of knowledge in the field, The Handbook of Applied Communication Research is an invaluable work for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and scholars.
Author: Deepti Chittamuru
Author: Deepti Chittamuru
Author: Richard M. Perloff
Author: National Research Council
Author: Alexander Meschtscherjakov
Author: Raian Ali
Author: Calvin Gwandure
Author: Jaap Ham
Author: Thomas Ploug
Author: Harri Oinas-Kukkonen
Author: H. Dan O'Hair