Molecular Biology of the Cell PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780815332183
Category : Cells
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author: Mazen Habayeb
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783838320212
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 64

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Book Description
Persistent viral infections have been shown to reside in the host and cause various diseases. On the other hand, Drosophila melanogaster has been widely used as a model organism to study the immune responses against bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses. Here, I present D. melanogaster as a model to study persistent virus infections. This book covers the strength of using this model system, describes viruses that infect it and give details about the Drosophila innate antiviral immunity. It furthermore explains about persistent infections and clarify definitions used in this field. It finally summarize the work of a newly discovered persistent RNA virus in Drosophila melanogaster, the Nora virus, and its biology and interaction with its host.

Author: R. Ahmed
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 754

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Book Description
Persistent Viral Infections Edited by Rafi Ahmed Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, USA and Irvin S. Y. Chen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA During the past decade much of our attention has focused on diseases associated with viral persistence. Major breakthroughs in immunology, and the advent of molecular approaches to study pathogenesis have increased our understanding of the complex virus-host interactions that occur during viral persistence. Persistent Viral Infections focuses on: * The pathogenesis and immunology of chronic infections * Animal models that provide, or have the potential to provide, major insights This volume will be essential reading for virologists, immunologists, oncologists and neurologists.

Author: Neal Nathanson
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080471056
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 279

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Book Description
Based on the highly successful reference work Viral Pathogenesis published in 1997, this concise, economical version can be used both as an introductory text or for self-education by medical students and biologists alike. This latest edition provides a completely revised overview of the subject with new chapters on innate immunity, emerging viral diseases, and antiviral therapy in a format that is easy to understand without continually referring to additional information. Used by the author in his graduate classes at the University of Pennsylvania, it sets forth the essential principles and discusses the details of how the immune system responds to viral invasion including the treatment and prevention of infection. Illustrated by pertinent examples it is one of the only books devoted exclusively to this topic. * Offers almost a 20% expansion over the first edition * Focuses specifically on viral pathogenesis unlike other texts where only a few chapters are devoted to the topic* Neal Nathanson is one of the primary authorities in the field and has authored chapters on viral pathogenesis in two of the most well known virology and microbiology titles Field's Virology and Topley and Wilson's Microbiology* Now in four color throughout!

Author: Kenneth Murphy
Publisher: Garland Science
ISBN: 9780815344575
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages :

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The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.

Author: Yeara Jo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 124

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During chronic infections, sustained cell adaptation has been mostly studied in the adaptive immune compartment but much less is known on how innate immune cells adjust to a persistently infectious milieu. Particularly, dendritic cells (DCs), which are central players in immune responses, adapt during chronic infections. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Thus, to understand how short-lived innate cells adapt to lifelong persistent infections, we first studied plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), which specialize in Type I Interferon (IFN-I) production and often become functionally exhausted in chronic settings. Using a murine chronic viral infection model of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), we found that bone marrow pDC progenitors exhibited quantitative and qualitative defects and failed to generate functional pDCs ex vivo in an IFN-I-dependent manner. Exhausted pDC numbers were, however, maintained by peripheral self-renewal via sustained proliferation of CD4- pDC subsets that was induced by IFN-I receptor and Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) signaling in a cell-intrinsic manner. In contrast, functional impairment of exhausted pDCs was independent of IFN-I receptor signaling. We further studied mechanisms underlying adaptation of progenitors, that can give rise to conventional DCs (cDCs) as well as pDCs, by determining the transcriptional and chromatin landscapes of bone marrow DC progenitors from LCMV-infected mice and applying these datasets to Taiji algorithm to predict the activity of transcription factors (TFs). We found that, Glucocorticoid Modulatory Element Binding Protein 1 (Gmeb1), which was predicted to exhibit increased activity in progenitors during LCMV infection, suppressed pDC development in a glucocorticoid-dependent manner. Further studies revealed that glucocorticoid suppressed pDC development during LCMV infection. Gmeb1 also promoted development but suppressed maturation of cDC1s in a glucocorticoid-independent manner. Overall, our work provides a framework to understand how innate immune adaptation can be triggered and sustained during chronic viral infection. Moreover, by highlighting novel TF regulators of DC progenitors and their progeny, our work enhances our understanding of DC biology and unveils potential therapeutic targets to harness DCs.

Author: Ann Arvin
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139461648
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1325

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This comprehensive account of the human herpesviruses provides an encyclopedic overview of their basic virology and clinical manifestations. This group of viruses includes human simplex type 1 and 2, Epstein–Barr virus, Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, cytomegalovirus, HHV6A, 6B and 7, and varicella-zoster virus. The viral diseases and cancers they cause are significant and often recurrent. Their prevalence in the developed world accounts for a major burden of disease, and as a result there is a great deal of research into the pathophysiology of infection and immunobiology. Another important area covered within this volume concerns antiviral therapy and the development of vaccines. All these aspects are covered in depth, both scientifically and in terms of clinical guidelines for patient care. The text is illustrated generously throughout and is fully referenced to the latest research and developments.

Author: Gkikas Magiorkinis
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889632296
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 186

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Book Description
There is a long-standing evolutionary battle between viruses and their hosts that continues to be waged. The evidence of this conflict can be found on both sides, with the human immune system being responsive to new viral challenges and viruses having developed often sophisticated countermeasures. The “arms race” between viruses and hosts can be thought as an example of the “Red Queen” race, an evolutionary hypothesis inspired from the dialogue of Alice with the Red Queen in Lewis Carroll’s “Through the Looking-Glass”. At the same time, viruses have a minimal genomic content as they have evolved to hitchhike biological machinery of their hosts (or other co-infecting viruses). The minimalistic viral genome could be thought as the result of a “Black Queen” evolution, a theory inspired from the card game Heart, where the winner is the one with the fewest points at the end. The effects of this arms race are evident in the evolution of the human immune system. This system is capable of responding to diverse viral challenges, utilizing both the ancient innate immune system and the more recently evolved adaptive immune system of jawed vertebrates. It is now well-known that the two systems are linked, with innate immunity hypothesized to have provided raw material for the emergence of the adaptive immune response. The adaptive immune response comprises several protein families (including B and T cell receptors, MHC and KIR proteins, for example) that are encoded by complex and variable genomic regions. This complexity enables for responsive genetic changes to occur in immune cells, such as the ability of genomic hypervariable regions in B cells to recombine in order to produce more specific antibodies. Indeed, the human immune system is thought to be continually evolving via various mechanisms such as changes in the genes encoding immune receptors and the regulatory sequences that control their expression. For example, there is some evidence that exogenous viral infections can alter the expression of endogenous retroviruses, some of which contribute to the immune response. Viral countermeasures can include encoding decoy receptors for the signalling molecules of the immune response, altering the gene expression of adaptive immune cells during chronic infection or using host enzymes to facilitate viral immune escape. As the articles herein show, the immune system continues to be challenged by viral infections and these challenges continue to shape how the immune system combats pathogens, thus viruses and human immunity are continuously part of “Red and Black Queen” evolutionary dynamics. We had the pleasure of working with Jonas Blomberg as a reviewer during the course of the Research Topic and his untimely passing was a great loss. Prof. Blomberg made significant contributions, including to the nomenclature of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), the evolution and characterization of specific human ERV (HERV) and the contribution of ERVs to diseases such as cancer. It is with great respect for his contributions to the ERV field that we dedicate this eBook to his memory.

Author: Michael G. Katze
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128011742
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 368

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Viral Pathogenesis: From Basics to Systems Biology, Third Edition, has been thoroughly updated to cover topical advances in the evolving field of viral pathogenesis, while also providing the requisite classic foundational information for which it is recognized. The book provides key coverage of the newfound ability to profile molecular events on a system-wide scale, which has led to a deeper understanding of virus-host interactions, host signaling and molecular-interaction networks, and the role of host genetics in determining disease outcome. In addition, the content has been augmented with short chapters on seminal breakthroughs and profiles of their progenitors, as well as short commentaries on important or controversial issues in the field. Thus, the reader will be given a view of virology research with perspectives on issues such as biomedical ethics, public health policy, and human health. In summary, the third edition will give the student a sense of the exciting new perspectives on viral pathogenesis that have been provided by recent developments in genomics, computation, modeling, and systems biology. Covers all aspects of viral infection, including viral entry, replication, and release, as well as innate and adaptive immunity and viral pathogenesis Provides a fresh perspective on the approaches used to understand how viruses cause disease Features molecular profiling techniques, whole genome sequencing, and innovative computational methods Highlights the use of contemporary approaches and the insights they provide to the field

Author: Michael J. Parnham
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030108112
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 888

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Book Description
Principles of Immunopharmacology provides a unique source of essential knowledge on the immune response, its diagnosis and its modification by drugs and chemicals. The 4th edition of this internationally recognized textbook has been revised to include recent developments, but continues the established format, dealing with four related fields in a single volume, thus obviating the need to refer to several different textbooks. The first section of the book, providing a basic introduction to immunology and its relevance for human disease, has been updated to accommodate new immunological concepts, particularly the role of epigenetics and the latest understanding of cancer immunology. The second section on immunodiagnostics offers a topical description of widely used molecular techniques and a new chapter on imaging techniques. This is followed by a systematic coverage of drugs affecting the immune system, including natural products. This third section contains 15 updated chapters, covering classical immunopharmacological topics such as anti-asthmatic, anti-rheumatic and immunosuppressive drugs, but also deals with antibiotics, plant-derived and dietary agents, with new chapters on monoclonal antibodies, immunotherapy in sepsis and infection, drugs for soft-tissue autoimmunity and cell therapy. The book concludes with a chapter on immunotoxicology and drug safety tests. Aids to the reader include a two-column format, glossaries of technical terms and appendix reference tables. The emphasis on illustrations is maintained from the first three editions. The book is a valuable single reference for undergraduate and graduate medical and biomedical students, postgraduate chemistry and pharmacy students, researchers in chemistry, biochemistry and the pharmaceutical industry and researchers lacking basic immunological knowledge, who want to understand the actions of drugs on the immune system.