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Author: Rolf Jacobson Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3656269963 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 162
Book Description
Master's Thesis from the year 2011 in the subject Art - Architecture / History of Construction, grade: none, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities (College of Design), language: English, abstract: Exterior envelopes for Passive Houses in very cold climates have not been developed, tested, and used as extensively as those in more mild climates such as central Europe. The purpose of this investigation was to push that development further by testing and comparing the performance of a variety of North American and Scandinavian envelope types that have been used in limited numbers for Passive Houses in those regions. A group of eight envelopes were selected and tested with a number of software analyses: Athena life cycle analysis, WUFI hygrothermal modeling, and THERM and EN ISO 6946 2-D U-value calculations for thermal bridging. Finally, the Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) was used to confirm that the envelopes met Passive House energy performance requirements in a very cold climate using a basic passive solar house design. Although significant variation was found in the performance of these eight envelope types, almost all of them were found capable of meeting the energy efficiency and thermal bridging requirements of the Passive House certification in a very cold climate, while maintaining moisture safety, durability, and significant life-cycle energy and carbon savings. These findings demonstrate that even in cold climates, a variety of envelope types can be used successfully for certified Passive Houses. Envelope types: 1) Advanced 2x6 framing24” on center with interior cross strapping and exterior insulation, insulated with mineral wool, 2) Advanced 2x6 framing24” on center, insulated with high-density spray polyurethane foam and exterior rigid foam, 3) Double 2x4 stud wall with studs 16” on center, insulated with blown cellulose, 4) I-joist (TJI) balloon framing 24” on center, insulated with blown fiberglass, 5) Insulated concrete form wall (ICF), using integral rigid EPS foam insulation, 6) Concrete block wall, insulated with exterior mineral wool, 7) Massivtre/Structural engineered panel (SEP), insulated with exterior rigid foam, and 8) Structural insulated panel (SIP), using integral EPS rigid foam insulation. For comparison, a base option was also studied: Standard 2x6 framing 16” on center with fiberglass batt insulation. See Appendix for diagrams of each envelope.
Author: Rolf Jacobson Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3656269963 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 162
Book Description
Master's Thesis from the year 2011 in the subject Art - Architecture / History of Construction, grade: none, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities (College of Design), language: English, abstract: Exterior envelopes for Passive Houses in very cold climates have not been developed, tested, and used as extensively as those in more mild climates such as central Europe. The purpose of this investigation was to push that development further by testing and comparing the performance of a variety of North American and Scandinavian envelope types that have been used in limited numbers for Passive Houses in those regions. A group of eight envelopes were selected and tested with a number of software analyses: Athena life cycle analysis, WUFI hygrothermal modeling, and THERM and EN ISO 6946 2-D U-value calculations for thermal bridging. Finally, the Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) was used to confirm that the envelopes met Passive House energy performance requirements in a very cold climate using a basic passive solar house design. Although significant variation was found in the performance of these eight envelope types, almost all of them were found capable of meeting the energy efficiency and thermal bridging requirements of the Passive House certification in a very cold climate, while maintaining moisture safety, durability, and significant life-cycle energy and carbon savings. These findings demonstrate that even in cold climates, a variety of envelope types can be used successfully for certified Passive Houses. Envelope types: 1) Advanced 2x6 framing24” on center with interior cross strapping and exterior insulation, insulated with mineral wool, 2) Advanced 2x6 framing24” on center, insulated with high-density spray polyurethane foam and exterior rigid foam, 3) Double 2x4 stud wall with studs 16” on center, insulated with blown cellulose, 4) I-joist (TJI) balloon framing 24” on center, insulated with blown fiberglass, 5) Insulated concrete form wall (ICF), using integral rigid EPS foam insulation, 6) Concrete block wall, insulated with exterior mineral wool, 7) Massivtre/Structural engineered panel (SEP), insulated with exterior rigid foam, and 8) Structural insulated panel (SIP), using integral EPS rigid foam insulation. For comparison, a base option was also studied: Standard 2x6 framing 16” on center with fiberglass batt insulation. See Appendix for diagrams of each envelope.
Author: Mary James Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317446283 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 216
Book Description
Passive House in Different Climates introduces the seven Passive House principles, to help you create super-insulated, airtight buildings that require minimal energy use to heat, cool, dehumidify, and ventilate, with superior indoor air quality and year-round comfort. Seventeen case studies in four climate zones---marine, cold and very cold, mixed-dry and hot-dry, and mixed-humid and hot-humid---and in ten countries, show you how to achieve net-zero energy regardless of where you’re building or what type of building is required. Includes more than 150 color illustrations.
Author: Vincenzo Costanzo Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3039289497 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 138
Book Description
This book results from a Special Issue related to the latest progress in the thermodynamics of machines systems and processes since the premonitory work of Carnot. Carnot invented his famous cycle and generalized the efficiency concept for thermo-mechanical engines. Since that time, research progressed from the equilibrium approach to the irreversible situation that represents the general case. This book illustrates the present state-of-the-art advances after one or two centuries of consideration regarding applications and fundamental aspects. The research is moving fast in the direction of economic and environmental aspects. This will probably continue during the coming years. This book mainly highlights the recent focus on the maximum power of engines, as well as the corresponding first law efficiency upper bounds.
Author: Mark P. Modera Publisher: ASTM International ISBN: 0803120230 Category : Air flow Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
Discusses the measurement and control of air moving inside buildings and between the inside and outside in 17 papers and discussions from a symposium in Dallas/Fort Worth in October 1993. After an overview of the subject, covers air movement, ventilation, and indoor air quality; window air leakage;
Author: Francesca Stazi Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann ISBN: 0128139714 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 376
Book Description
The design and construction of the appropriate building envelope is one of the most effective ways for improving a building's thermal performance. Thermal Inertia in Energy Efficient Building Envelopes provides the optimal solutions, tools and methods for designing the energy efficient envelopes that will reduce energy consumption and achieve thermal comfort and low environmental impact. Thermal Inertia in Energy Efficient Building Envelopes provides experimental data, technical solutions and methods for quantifying energy consumption and comfort levels, also considering dynamic strategies such as thermal inertia and natural ventilation. Several type of envelopes and their optimal solutions are covered, including retrofit of existing envelopes, new solutions, passive systems such as ventilated facades and solar walls. The discussion also considers various climates (mild or extreme) and seasons, building typology, mode of use of the internal environment, heating profiles and cross-ventilation - Experimental investigations on real case studies, to explore in detail the behaviour of different envelopes - Laboratory tests on existing insulation to quantify the actual performances - Analytical simulations in dynamic conditions to extend the boundary conditions to other climates and usage profiles and to consider alternative insulation strategies - Evaluation of solutions sustainability through the quantification of environmental and economic impacts with LCA analysis; including global cost comparison between the different scenarios - Integrated evaluations between various aspects such as comfort, energy saving, and sustainability
Author: Guedi Capeluto Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319392557 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 140
Book Description
This book presents a series of significant methods and examples for the design of sustainable intelligent facades in a variety of contexts. Emphasis is placed on how intelligence has been applied for successful energy-saving efforts in the planning of building envelopes. Readers will find essential information on the core principles involved in designing, calculating and organizing intelligent facades according to the need for a new or retrofitted building. Not only are different materials and technologies considered, but also efficient ways to combine them according to user needs and other project-specific constraints. Illustrations, tables and graphs accompany the text, clarifying the concepts discussed. Architects, facade consultants and all those interested in and energy-saving measures and improved indoor comfort will find this book useful not only as an introduction to the subject but also as a guide to achieving more responsive building methods.
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Publisher: Organization for Economic Co-Operation & Developme ISBN: Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
Buildings are the largest energy consuming sector in the world, and account for over one-third of total final energy consumption and an equally important source of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Achieving significant energy and emissions reduction in the buildings sector is a challenging but achievable policy goal. Transition to Sustainable Buildings presents detailed scenarios and strategies to 2050, and demonstrates how to reach deep energy and emissions reduction through a combination of best available technologies and intelligent public policy. This IEA study is an indispensible guide for decision makers, providing informative insights on: cost-effective options, key technologies and opportunities in the buildings sector; solutions for reducing electricity demand growth and flattening peak demand; effective energy efficiency policies and lessons learned from different countries; future trends and priorities for ASEAN, Brazil, China, the European Union, India, Mexico, Russia, South Africa and the United States; implementing a systems approach using innovative products in a cost effective manner; and pursuing whole-building (e.g. zero energy buildings) and advanced-component policies to initiate a fundamental shift in the way energy is consumed.
Author: Ibrahim El Dimeery Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030642178 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 405
Book Description
This book focuses on how to maintain environmental sustainability as one of its main principles, and it addresses how smart cities serve to diminish wastes and maintain natural resources by having clean green energy that is operated by new smart technology designs. Living in a smart city is not something of the future anymore, it is here, and it is being implemented all over the world. A smart city uses different types of electronic Internet of things (IoT) sensors to collect data and then use these data to manage assets and resources efficiently. The smart city concept integrates information and communication technology (ICT), and various physical devices connected to the IoT network to optimize the efficiency of city operations and services and achieve sustainable solutions to allow us to grow with proper management of our resources. Smart sustainable structures and infrastructures face the need of urban areas due to the growth of populations while in the same time save our environment. To achieve this, we need to revisit the conventional methods in design and construction and the conventional materials which are used now to optimize the design and provide smart solutions. In the past few years, the consumption of resources has been massive, and the waste produced from that consumption has been inconceivable. This is causing environmental degradation, which produces many environmental challenges, such as global climate change, excessive fossil fuel dependency and the growing demand for energy. As well as, discussing the challenges facing the civil engineering design and construction of smart cities components and presenting concepts and insight from experts and researchers from different civil engineering disciplines., this book explains how to construct buildings and special structures and how to manage and monitor energy.
Author: José Manuel Andújar Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3039287028 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 412
Book Description
Buildings are one of the main causes of the emission of greenhouse gases in the world. Europe alone is responsible for more than 30% of emissions, or about 900 million tons of CO2 per year. Heating and air conditioning are the main cause of greenhouse gas emissions in buildings. Most buildings currently in use were built with poor energy efficiency criteria or, depending on the country and the date of construction, none at all. Therefore, regardless of whether construction regulations are becoming stricter, the real challenge nowadays is the energy rehabilitation of existing buildings. It is currently a priority to reduce (or, ideally, eliminate) the waste of energy in buildings and, at the same time, supply the necessary energy through renewable sources. The first can be achieved by improving the architectural design, construction methods, and materials used, as well as the efficiency of the facilities and systems; the second can be achieved through the integration of renewable energy (wind, solar, geothermal, etc.) in buildings. In any case, regardless of whether the energy used is renewable or not, the efficiency must always be taken into account. The most profitable and clean energy is that which is not consumed.
Author: Rolf Jacobson
Author: Rolf Jacobson
Author: Mary James
Author: Vincenzo Costanzo
Author: Mark P. Modera
Author: Francesca Stazi
Author: Guedi Capeluto
Author: Yasser Mansour
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Author: Ibrahim El Dimeery
Author: José Manuel Andújar