Performance Evaluation of Retrofitted Solid Masonry Exterior Walls PDF Download

Author: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. External Research Program
Publisher: CMHC
ISBN:
Category : Dwellings
Languages : en
Pages : 75

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5

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Author: Nickolaj Feldt Jensen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788778775627
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author: Jeremy Keith Wallace
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 314

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During recent years, near surface mounted (NSM) fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars have displayed exceptional results when used to retrofit un-reinforced masonry walls for flexural out-of-plane strengthening. This process involves cutting a shallow groove into the masonry wall, which is less than the thickness of the face shell. FRP bars are then placed into the groove and embedded in an epoxy paste, which transfers stresses from the masonry wall to the reinforcing bar. Although this retrofitting technique is advantageous for most structural applications, the nature of the bar location introduces an inherent restriction. By locating the bar at a depth no greater than the thickness of the face shell, the flexural strength is only increased in one direction. This limitation introduced an opportunity to develop a novel approach to flexural out-of-plane strengthening of masonry walls for cyclic loading, which was the overall objective of this research project. The retrofitting technique is similar to that of NSM rods; but the FRP bars are placed at the centerline of the wall analogous to traditional steel rebars for two directional reinforcing. Test results confirmed that FRP bars can be used to drastically increase flexural capacity of masonry walls subjected to cyclic loading, while remaining practical and beneficial in terms of field construction. Standard working stress equations were also used to conservatively predict the structural responses of the masonry walls within 9 to 15.8 percent.

Author: Robert Černý
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 303921926X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 122

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The building industry is influenced by many factors and trends reflecting the current situation and developments in social, economic, technical, and scientific fields. One of the most important trends seeks to minimize the energy demand. This can be achieved by promoting the construction of buildings with better thermal insulating capabilities of their envelopes and better efficiency in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. Any credible assessment of building energy performance includes the identification and simulation of heat and mass transfer phenomena in both the building envelope and the interior of the building. As the interaction between design elements, climate change, user behavior, heating effectiveness, ventilation, air conditioning systems, and lighting is not straightforward, the assessment procedure can present a complex and challenging task. The simulations should then involve all factors affecting the energy performance of the building in questions. However, the appropriate choice of physical model of heat and mass transfer for different building elements is not the only factor affecting the output of building energy simulations. The accuracy of the material parameters applied in the models as input data is another potential source of uncertainty. For instance, neglecting the dependence of hygric and thermal parameters on moisture content may affect the energy assessment in a significant way. Boundary conditions in the form of weather data sets represent yet another crucial factor determining the uncertainty of the outputs. In light of recent trends in climate change, this topic is vitally important. This Special Issue aims at providing recent developments in laboratory analyses, computational modeling, and in situ measurements related to the assessment of building energy performance based on the proper identification of heat and mass transfer processes in building structures. Potential topics include but are not limited to the following: -Development, calibration, and validation of advanced mathematical models for the description of heat and mass transfer in building materials and structures -Computational modeling of heat and mass transfer in building materials and structures aimed at energy performance assessment Boundary conditions for building energy performance simulations in light of climate change trends -Advanced experimental techniques for the determination of heat and mass transport and the storage properties of building materials -On site monitoring and verification of building energy performance -Research and development of new materials with high potential to improve the energy performance of buildings

Author: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brick walls
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Reviews a research project that documented the renovation of a solid masonry building and monitored & assessed the performance of the retrofitted masonry walls and other aspects of the renovated building. Findings are summarized with regard to rain penetration & interior moisture control, airtightness, insulation performance, energy consumption, ventilation system performance, and indoor environment.

Author: Jean Carroon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470882158
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 434

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Sustainable Preservation takes a nuanced look at the hundreds of choices that adaptive reuse requires architects to make—from ingenious ways to redeploy existing structural elements to time-honored techniques for natural ventilation to creation of wetlands that restore a site's natural biological functions. In addition, Sustainable Preservation presents 50 case studies of projects—schools, houses, offices, stores, museums, and government buildings—that set new standards for holistic approaches to adaptive reuse and sustainability. The author covers design issues, from building location to lighting systems, renewable power options, stormwater handling, and building envelope protection and integrity. The book also reviews operational issues, including materials choices for low lifetime maintenance, green housekeeping, and indoor air quality.

Author: Ekaterina Tzekova
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Historic buildings are less energy efficient than modern structures due to the nature of their construction. Although envelope improvements can reduce operating energy, such retrofits can potentially accelerate the deterioration of the historic facade. Consequently, the challenge is to improve the energy performance while maintaining a durable facade. This research proposes a retrofit approach for historic buildings that addresses both energy consumption and durability of the masonry facade. To improve energy performance, an 1879 historic solid masonry home was retrofitted using an innovative Nested Thermal Envelope Design (NTED). An envelope controlling heat, moisture and air movement was constructed around Core and Perimeter zones that were independently operated. Conditioning the entire house provided 36% space heating energy savings below the Ontario Building Code 2012, while turning off the heat to the Perimeter areas increased savings to 68%. To address durability concerns arising from insulating the masonry walls, the use of a vented airspace installed between the masonry and the thermal insulation was explored. The vented airspace at the first field trial increased the drying potential of the historic masonry during the winter when the brick was most vulnerable to freeze-thaw damage. An estimated 1.1 kg/m2/a was removed at South and East walls. The second field trial showed drying between 4.3 kg/m2/a and 5.7 kg/m2/a at the South and 0.08 kg/m2/a wetting at the North. In situ moisture content levels of the brick varied between 10% - 15% while laboratory testing of similar brick revealed a saturated moisture content of 29%. Both field trials showed that the vented airspace drying potential was influenced by facade orientation and solar radiation levels. An alternative way of constructing the airspace was then tested in the laboratory to explore the use of air permeable insulation in lieu of a clear airspace. Walls constructed with rock wool insulation and vent holes, but with no clear airspace, removed between 52% - 90% of moisture, depending on the insulation density and vent hole area. Walls featuring a clear airspace removed between 59% - 95% of moisture. These laboratory tests showed that enough air was able to move through the air permeable insulation thereby improving the drying potential of the walls.

Author: British Standards Institute Staff
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780580547416
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28

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Book Description
Construction systems parts, Construction materials, Moisture, Moisture measurement, Water absorption, Water vapour, Condensation, Humidity, Rainfall, Heat transfer, Drying, Mathematical calculations, Simulation, Thermal design of buildings

Author: Comité euro-international du béton
Publisher: Thomas Telford
ISBN: 0727725564
Category : Anchorage (Structural engineering)
Languages : en
Pages : 52

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The economic consequences and loss of life make earthquake disasters catastrophic anywhere in the world. Seismic retrofitting, or repair, of buildings is an essential component for mitigating the effects of earthquakes. This state-of-the-art report reviews and introduces the latest design concepts and methods for seismic retrofitting throughout the world, with emphasis on the use of fastening systems.