Author: Jerome James Alessandro Santos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 118
Book Description
Perchlorate Adsorption Onto Granular Activated Carbon and Subsequent Desoprtion Via Sodium Borohydride
Author: Jerome James Alessandro Santos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 118
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 118
Book Description
Adsorption and Desorption of Perchlorate on Granular Activated Carbon
Perchlorate Ion (C104) Removal Using an Electrochemically Induced Catalytic Reaction on Modified Activated Carbon
Author: Meredith Caitlyn Langille
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Perchlorate is known to adversely affect the thyroid gland functions including iodide take up, thus perchlorate should be removed from drinking water. Bituminous coal-based activated carbon (AC) has been used for perchlorate removal in past years. Virgin carbon and carbon modified by oxidation with HNO3, NaOH and H2O2 were examined in this study for their ability to remove perchlorate by reduction or adsorption mechanisms. Surface functional groups formed on the modified AC (MAC) were examined with diffuse reflectance infrared spectrometry. Inhibition of perchlorate removal onto MAC by various anions ( - Cl, - 3 NO, and - 2 4 SO) and solution pH (4.5, 7.2 and 10.5) were examined to characterize the MACs before an electrochemical reaction was performed. Surface functional groups were increased by oxidation. Groups that were found on the carbon include, but are not limited to lactone, quinine, carboxylate, and nitrogenoxygen groups. The effect of pH on removal of perchlorate by MAC was greatly affected by the change in the zero point charge (ZPC) induced on the carbon by modification. Virgin carbon also experienced difficulty in removing perchlorate when solution pH was above the ZPC. Anion inhibition varied with the modification process. - 3 NO inhibited perchlorate removal only by the virgin carbon. The other anions showed no major effects on the removal efficiency of perchlorate by the carbons. Electrochemical processes did not show favorable results in removal of perchlorate. The dominant mechanism of perchlorate removal during desorption tests was adsorption onto the carbon surfaces via ion exchange.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Perchlorate is known to adversely affect the thyroid gland functions including iodide take up, thus perchlorate should be removed from drinking water. Bituminous coal-based activated carbon (AC) has been used for perchlorate removal in past years. Virgin carbon and carbon modified by oxidation with HNO3, NaOH and H2O2 were examined in this study for their ability to remove perchlorate by reduction or adsorption mechanisms. Surface functional groups formed on the modified AC (MAC) were examined with diffuse reflectance infrared spectrometry. Inhibition of perchlorate removal onto MAC by various anions ( - Cl, - 3 NO, and - 2 4 SO) and solution pH (4.5, 7.2 and 10.5) were examined to characterize the MACs before an electrochemical reaction was performed. Surface functional groups were increased by oxidation. Groups that were found on the carbon include, but are not limited to lactone, quinine, carboxylate, and nitrogenoxygen groups. The effect of pH on removal of perchlorate by MAC was greatly affected by the change in the zero point charge (ZPC) induced on the carbon by modification. Virgin carbon also experienced difficulty in removing perchlorate when solution pH was above the ZPC. Anion inhibition varied with the modification process. - 3 NO inhibited perchlorate removal only by the virgin carbon. The other anions showed no major effects on the removal efficiency of perchlorate by the carbons. Electrochemical processes did not show favorable results in removal of perchlorate. The dominant mechanism of perchlorate removal during desorption tests was adsorption onto the carbon surfaces via ion exchange.
Activated Carbon for Water and Wastewater Treatment
Author: Ferhan Cecen
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527639454
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 409
Book Description
This monograph provides comprehensive coverage of technologies which integrate adsorption and biological processes in water and wastewater treatment. The authors provide both an introduction to the topic as well as a detailed discussion of theoretical and practical considerations. After a review of the basics involved in the chemistry, biology and technology of integrated adsorption and biological removal, they discuss the setup of pilot- and full-scale treatment facilities, covering powdered as well as granular activated carbon. They elucidate the factors that influence the successful operation of integrated systems. Their discussion on integrated systems expands from the effects of environmental to the removal of various pollutants, to regeneration of activated carbon, and to the analysis of such systems in mathematical terms. The authors conclude with a look at future needs for research and develoment. A truly valuable resource for environmental engineers, environmental and water chemists, as well as professionals working in water and wastewater treatment.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527639454
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 409
Book Description
This monograph provides comprehensive coverage of technologies which integrate adsorption and biological processes in water and wastewater treatment. The authors provide both an introduction to the topic as well as a detailed discussion of theoretical and practical considerations. After a review of the basics involved in the chemistry, biology and technology of integrated adsorption and biological removal, they discuss the setup of pilot- and full-scale treatment facilities, covering powdered as well as granular activated carbon. They elucidate the factors that influence the successful operation of integrated systems. Their discussion on integrated systems expands from the effects of environmental to the removal of various pollutants, to regeneration of activated carbon, and to the analysis of such systems in mathematical terms. The authors conclude with a look at future needs for research and develoment. A truly valuable resource for environmental engineers, environmental and water chemists, as well as professionals working in water and wastewater treatment.
Biodegradation of High Explosives on Granular Activated Carbon[GAC]: Enhanced Desorption of High Explosives from GAC -- Batch Studies
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Adsorption to GAC is an effective method for removing high explosives (HE) compounds from water, but no permanent treatment is achieved. Bioregeneration, which treats adsorbed contaminants by desorption and biodegradation, is being developed as a method for reducing GAC usage rates and permanently degrading RDX and HMX. Because desorption is often the limiting mass transfer mechanism in bioregeneration systems, several methods for increasing the rate and extent of desorption of RDX and HMX are being studied. These include use of cosolvents (methanol and ethanol), surfactants (both anionic and nonionic), and[beta]- and[gamma]-cyclodextrins. Batch experiments to characterize the desorption of these HEs from GAC have been completed using Northwestern LB-830, the GAC being used at Pantex. Over a total of 11 days of desorption, about 3% of the adsorbed RDX was desorbed from the GAC using buffered water as the desorption fluid. In comparison, about 96% of the RDX was extracted from the GAC by acetonitrile over the same desorption period. Ethanol and methanol were both effective in desorbing RDX and HMX; higher alcohol concentrations were able to desorb more HE from the GAC. Surfactants varied widely in their abilities to enhance desorption of HEs. The most effective surfactant that was studied was sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), which desorbed 56.4% of the adsorbed RDX at a concentration of 500 mg SDS/L. The cyclodextrins that were used were marginally more effective than water. Continuous-flow column tests are underway for further testing the most promising of these methods. These results will be compared to column experiments that have been completed under baseline conditions (using buffered water as the desorption fluid). Results of this research will support modeling and design of further desorption and bioregeneration experiments.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Adsorption to GAC is an effective method for removing high explosives (HE) compounds from water, but no permanent treatment is achieved. Bioregeneration, which treats adsorbed contaminants by desorption and biodegradation, is being developed as a method for reducing GAC usage rates and permanently degrading RDX and HMX. Because desorption is often the limiting mass transfer mechanism in bioregeneration systems, several methods for increasing the rate and extent of desorption of RDX and HMX are being studied. These include use of cosolvents (methanol and ethanol), surfactants (both anionic and nonionic), and[beta]- and[gamma]-cyclodextrins. Batch experiments to characterize the desorption of these HEs from GAC have been completed using Northwestern LB-830, the GAC being used at Pantex. Over a total of 11 days of desorption, about 3% of the adsorbed RDX was desorbed from the GAC using buffered water as the desorption fluid. In comparison, about 96% of the RDX was extracted from the GAC by acetonitrile over the same desorption period. Ethanol and methanol were both effective in desorbing RDX and HMX; higher alcohol concentrations were able to desorb more HE from the GAC. Surfactants varied widely in their abilities to enhance desorption of HEs. The most effective surfactant that was studied was sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), which desorbed 56.4% of the adsorbed RDX at a concentration of 500 mg SDS/L. The cyclodextrins that were used were marginally more effective than water. Continuous-flow column tests are underway for further testing the most promising of these methods. These results will be compared to column experiments that have been completed under baseline conditions (using buffered water as the desorption fluid). Results of this research will support modeling and design of further desorption and bioregeneration experiments.
Purification with Activated Carbon
Author: John W. Hassler
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780820603735
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Written by a pioneers who developed the original process to manufacture carbon in the United States, this book is considered essential reading for professionals involved in the removal from air or water by using the most important single pollution control product ever invented. Contents: Part I Introduction - Chapter 1: History and Market Review - Chapter 2: Elementary Aspects of Adsorption - Part II Application To Industrial and Environmental Liquid Systems - Chapter 3: Basic Aspects and Concepts - Chapter 4: Interpretation and Evaluation of Adsorption Data - Chapter 5: Adsorption-Desorption Operations - Chapter 6: Unit Operations - Chapter 7: Representative Industrial Applications - Chapter 8: Purification Domestic and Industrial Waste Waters - Part III Applications to Other Systems - Chapter 9: Gas and Vapor Phase Application - Chapter 10: Diverse Applications - Part IV Preparation of Activated Carbon and Physico-Chemical Properties - Chapter 11: Manufacture of Activated Carbon - Chapter 12: Regeneration - Chapter 13: Nature of Activated Carbon - Chapter 14: Contact Catalysis - Part V Biochemical Properties - Chapter 15: Biochemical Aspects of Activated Carbon - Part VI Laboratory Procedures - Chapter 16: Adsorption of Gases and Vapors Laboratory Procedures - Chapter 17: Laboratory Adsorption Test Procedure for Liquid Systems - Chapter 18: General Properties of Activated Carbons - Part VII - Chapter 19: Final Gleanings - Index
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780820603735
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Written by a pioneers who developed the original process to manufacture carbon in the United States, this book is considered essential reading for professionals involved in the removal from air or water by using the most important single pollution control product ever invented. Contents: Part I Introduction - Chapter 1: History and Market Review - Chapter 2: Elementary Aspects of Adsorption - Part II Application To Industrial and Environmental Liquid Systems - Chapter 3: Basic Aspects and Concepts - Chapter 4: Interpretation and Evaluation of Adsorption Data - Chapter 5: Adsorption-Desorption Operations - Chapter 6: Unit Operations - Chapter 7: Representative Industrial Applications - Chapter 8: Purification Domestic and Industrial Waste Waters - Part III Applications to Other Systems - Chapter 9: Gas and Vapor Phase Application - Chapter 10: Diverse Applications - Part IV Preparation of Activated Carbon and Physico-Chemical Properties - Chapter 11: Manufacture of Activated Carbon - Chapter 12: Regeneration - Chapter 13: Nature of Activated Carbon - Chapter 14: Contact Catalysis - Part V Biochemical Properties - Chapter 15: Biochemical Aspects of Activated Carbon - Part VI Laboratory Procedures - Chapter 16: Adsorption of Gases and Vapors Laboratory Procedures - Chapter 17: Laboratory Adsorption Test Procedure for Liquid Systems - Chapter 18: General Properties of Activated Carbons - Part VII - Chapter 19: Final Gleanings - Index
Evaluation of Tailored Granular Activated Carbon to Remove Perchlorate in the Presence of Oxyanions
Adsorption Onto Granular Activated Carbon from Aqueous Solution
Author: Vaseem Firdaus
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Adsorption
Languages : en
Pages : 272
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Adsorption
Languages : en
Pages : 272
Book Description
Adsorption and Desorption Characteristics of Natural Organic Matter in Natural Waters on Granular Activated Carbon
Author: Megan Denise Storrar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon, Activated
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon, Activated
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Treatment of Water by Granular Activated Carbon
Author: Michael J. McGuire
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780608035062
Category : Carbon, Activated
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780608035062
Category : Carbon, Activated
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description