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Author: Derek J. Chadwick Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470034971 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 314
Book Description
Seemingly simple behaviours turn out, on reflection, to be discouragingly complex. For many years, cognitive operations such as sensation, perception, comparing percepts to stored models (short-term and long-term memory), decision-making and planning of actions were treated by most neuroscientists as separate areas of research. This was not because the neuroscience community believed these operations to act independently—it is intuitive that any common cognitive process seamlessly interweaves these operations—but because too little was known about the individual processes constituting the full behaviour, and experimental paradigms and data collection methods were not sufficiently well developed to put the processes in sequence in any controlled manner. These limitations are now being overcome in the leading cognitive neuroscience laboratories, and this book is a timely summary of the current state of the art. The theme of the book is how the brain uses sensory information to develop and decide upon the appropriate action, and how the brain determines the appropriate action to optimize the collection of new sensory information. It addresses several key questions. How are percepts built up in the cortex and how are judgments of the percept made? In what way does information flow within and between cortical regions, and what is accomplished by successive (and reverberating) stages of processing? How are decisions made about the percept subsequently acted upon, through their conversion to a response according to the learned criterion for action? How does the predicted or expected sensation interact with the actual incoming flow of sensory signals? The chapters and discussions in the book reveal how answering these questions requires an understanding of sensory–motor loops: our perception of the world drives new actions, and the actions undertaken at any moment lead to a new ‘view’ of the world. This book is a fascinating read for all clinical and experimental psychologists and neuroscientists, as well as anyone interested in how we perceive the world and act within it.
Author: Derek J. Chadwick Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470034971 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 314
Book Description
Seemingly simple behaviours turn out, on reflection, to be discouragingly complex. For many years, cognitive operations such as sensation, perception, comparing percepts to stored models (short-term and long-term memory), decision-making and planning of actions were treated by most neuroscientists as separate areas of research. This was not because the neuroscience community believed these operations to act independently—it is intuitive that any common cognitive process seamlessly interweaves these operations—but because too little was known about the individual processes constituting the full behaviour, and experimental paradigms and data collection methods were not sufficiently well developed to put the processes in sequence in any controlled manner. These limitations are now being overcome in the leading cognitive neuroscience laboratories, and this book is a timely summary of the current state of the art. The theme of the book is how the brain uses sensory information to develop and decide upon the appropriate action, and how the brain determines the appropriate action to optimize the collection of new sensory information. It addresses several key questions. How are percepts built up in the cortex and how are judgments of the percept made? In what way does information flow within and between cortical regions, and what is accomplished by successive (and reverberating) stages of processing? How are decisions made about the percept subsequently acted upon, through their conversion to a response according to the learned criterion for action? How does the predicted or expected sensation interact with the actual incoming flow of sensory signals? The chapters and discussions in the book reveal how answering these questions requires an understanding of sensory–motor loops: our perception of the world drives new actions, and the actions undertaken at any moment lead to a new ‘view’ of the world. This book is a fascinating read for all clinical and experimental psychologists and neuroscientists, as well as anyone interested in how we perceive the world and act within it.
Author: Miriam O'Callaghan Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000880028 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 280
Book Description
Revealing the limitations of human decision-making, this book explores how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be used to optimize decisions for improved business outcomes and efficiency, as well as looking ahead to the significant contributions Decision Intelligence (DI) can make to society and the ethical challenges it may raise. From the theories and concepts used to design autonomous intelligent agents to the technologies that power DI systems and the ways in which companies use decision-making building blocks to build DI solutions that enable businesses to democratize AI, this book presents an impressive framework to integrate artificial and human intelligence for the success of different types of business decisions. Replete with case studies on DI applications, as well as wider discussions on the social implications of the technology, Decision Intelligence: Human–Machine Integration for Decision Making appeals to both students of AI and data sciences and businesses considering DI adoption.
Author: Angelo Cangelosi Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 0262046830 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 497
Book Description
The current state of the art in cognitive robotics, covering the challenges of building AI-powered intelligent robots inspired by natural cognitive systems. A novel approach to building AI-powered intelligent robots takes inspiration from the way natural cognitive systems—in humans, animals, and biological systems—develop intelligence by exploiting the full power of interactions between body and brain, the physical and social environment in which they live, and phylogenetic, developmental, and learning dynamics. This volume reports on the current state of the art in cognitive robotics, offering the first comprehensive coverage of building robots inspired by natural cognitive systems. Contributors first provide a systematic definition of cognitive robotics and a history of developments in the field. They describe in detail five main approaches: developmental, neuro, evolutionary, swarm, and soft robotics. They go on to consider methodologies and concepts, treating topics that include commonly used cognitive robotics platforms and robot simulators, biomimetic skin as an example of a hardware-based approach, machine-learning methods, and cognitive architecture. Finally, they cover the behavioral and cognitive capabilities of a variety of models, experiments, and applications, looking at issues that range from intrinsic motivation and perception to robot consciousness. Cognitive Robotics is aimed at an interdisciplinary audience, balancing technical details and examples for the computational reader with theoretical and experimental findings for the empirical scientist.
Author: Norman Norwood Holland Publisher: PsyArt Foundation ISBN: 057801839X Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 476
Book Description
LITERATURE AND THE BRAIN goes straight to the human core of literature when it explains the different ways our brains convert stories, poems, plays, and films into pleasure. When we are deep into a film or book, we find ourselves "absorbed," unaware of our bodies or our surroundings. We don't doubt the existence of Spider-Man or Harry Potter, and we have real feelings about these purely imaginary beings. Our brains are behaving oddly, because we know we cannot act to change what we are seeing. This is only one of the special ways our brains behave to with literature, ways that LITERATURE AND THE BRAIN reveals. 474 pp. 13 ill.
Author: Vicenc Torra Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3540277749 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 340
Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence, MDAI 2004, held in Barcelona, Spain in August 2004. The 26 revised full papers presented together with 4 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 53 submissions. The papers are devoted to topics like models for information fusion, aggregation operators, model selection, fuzzy integrals, fuzzy sets, fuzzy multisets, neural learning, rule-based classification systems, fuzzy association rules, algorithmic learning, diagnosis, text categorization, unsupervised aggregation, the Choquet integral, group decision making, preference relations, vague knowledge processing, etc.
Author: Peter Weingart Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1134175809 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 330
Book Description
What is a popular image of science and where does it come from? Little is known about the formation of science images and their transformation into popular images of science. In this anthology, contributions from two areas of expertise: image theory and history and the sociology of the sciences, explore techniques of constructing science images and transforming them into highly ambivalent images that represent the sciences. The essays, most of them with illustrations, present evidence that popular images of the sciences are based upon abstract theories rather than facts, and, equally, images of scientists are stimulated by imagination rather than historical knowledge.
Author: Danny Weyns Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3540850295 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 306
Book Description
Software intensive systems are increasingly expected to deal with changing user needs and dynamic operating conditions at run time. Examples are the need for life recon?gurations, management of resource variability, and dealing with p- ticular failure modes. Endowing systems with these kinds of capabilities poses severe challenges to software engineers and necessitates the development of new techniques, practices, and tools that build upon sound engineering principles. The ?eld of multi-agent systems focuses on the foundations and engineering of systems that consists of a network of autonomous entities (agents) that int- act to achieve the system goals. One line of research in multi-agent systems, inspired by biological, physical and other naturally occurring systems, concerns multi-agent systems in which agents share information and coordinate their - havior througha shared medium called an agentenvironment. Typical examples are gradient ?elds and digital pheromones that guide agents in their local c- text and as such facilitate the coordination of a community of agents. Since environment-mediation in multi-agent systems has shown to result in mana- able solutions with very adaptable qualities, it is a promising paradigm to deal with the increasing complexity and dynamism of distributed applications. Control in environment-mediated multi-agent systems is decentralized, i. e. , noneofthecomponentshasfullaccessorcontroloverthesystem. Self-organization isanapproachtoengineerdecentralized,distributedandresource-limitedsystems thatarecapableofdynamicallyadaptingtochangingconditionsandrequirements without external intervention. This useful system property is often re?ected in functionssuchasself-con?guration,self-optimization,andself-healing. Engine- ing approaches to self-organizing systems often rely on global functionality to emerge from localand autonomous decisions of individual agents that commu- catethroughasharedagentenvironment.
Author: Fouad Sabry Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable ISBN: Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 149
Book Description
What Is Intelligent Agent An intelligent agent (IA) is a term used in the field of artificial intelligence to refer to an agent that is functioning in an intelligent manner. This agent sees its surroundings, acts independently in order to accomplish goals, and can potentially enhance its performance through learning or the acquisition of information. An intelligent agent could either be straightforward or intricate: An example of an intelligent agent is a thermostat or another control system. A human being is also an example of an intelligent agent, as is any other system that satisfies the concept of an intelligent agent, such as a company, a state, or a biome. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Intelligent Agent Chapter 2: Artificial Intelligence Chapter 3: Reinforcement Learning Chapter 4: Software Agent Chapter 5: Multi-agent System Chapter 6: Rational Agent Chapter 7: Automated Planning and Scheduling Chapter 8: Percept (Artificial Intelligence) Chapter 9: AI Alignment Chapter 10: Misaligned Goals in Artificial Intelligence (II) Answering the public top questions about intelligent agent. (III) Real world examples for the usage of intelligent agent in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of intelligent agent' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of intelligent agent.
Author: Henryk Rybinski Publisher: Springer ISBN: 354089876X Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 760
Book Description
This book is the ninth volume of the Transactions on Rough Sets series. The 26 papers in it introduce new advances in the foundations and applications of artificial intelligence, engineering, image processing, logic, mathematics, medicine, music, and science.
Author: PARAG KULKARNI Publisher: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. ISBN: 8120350464 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 529
Book Description
There has been a movement over the years to make machines intelligent. With the advent of modern technology, AI has become the core part of day-to-day life. But it is accentuated to have a book that keeps abreast of all the state-of-the-art concepts (pertaining to AI) in simplified, explicit and elegant way, expounding on ample examples so that the beginners are able to comprehend the subject with ease. The book on Artificial Intelligence, dexterously divided into 21 chapters, fully satisfies all these pressing needs. It is intended to put each and every concept related to intelligent system in front of the readers in the most simplified way so that while understanding the basic concepts, they will develop thought process that can contribute to the building of advanced intelligent systems. Various cardinal landmarks pertaining to the subject such as problem solving, search techniques, intelligent agents, constraint satisfaction problems, knowledge representation, planning, machine learning, natural language processing, pattern recognition, game playing, hybrid and fuzzy systems, neural network-based learning and future work and trends in AI are now under the single umbrella of this book, thereby showing a nice blend of theoretical and practical aspects. With all the latest information incorporated and several pedagogical attributes included, this textbook is an invaluable learning tool for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of computer science and engineering, and information technology. KEY FEATURES • Highlights a clear and concise presentation through adequate study material • Follows a systematic approach to explicate fundamentals as well as recent advances in the area • Presents ample relevant problems in the form of multiple choice questions, concept review questions, critical thinking exercise and project work • Incorporates various case studies for major topics as well as numerous industrial examples
Author: Derek J. Chadwick
Author: Derek J. Chadwick
Author: Miriam O'Callaghan
Author: Angelo Cangelosi
Author: Norman Norwood Holland
Author: Vicenc Torra
Author: Peter Weingart
Author: Danny Weyns
Author: Fouad Sabry
Author: Henryk Rybinski
Author: PARAG KULKARNI