Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download People and Computers XII PDF full book. Access full book title People and Computers XII by Harold Thimbleby. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Harold Thimbleby Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1447136012 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 419
Book Description
Most organisations try to protect their systems from unauthorised access, usually through passwords. Considerable resources are spent designing secure authentication mechanisms, but the number of security breaches and problems is still increasing (DeAlvare, 1990; Gordon, 1995; Hitchings, 1995). Unauthorised access to systems, and resulting theft of information or misuse of the system, is usually due to hackers "cracking" user passwords, or obtaining them through social engineering. System security, unlike other fields of system development, has to date been regarded as an entirely technical issue - little research has been done on usability or human factors related to use of security mechanisms. Hitchings (1995) concludes that this narrow perspective has produced security mechanisms which are much less effective than they are generally thought to be. Davis & Price (1987) point out that, since security is designed, implemented, used and breached by people, human factors should be considered in the design of security mechanism. It seems that currently hackers pay more attention to human factors than security designers do. The technique of social engineering, for instanc- obtaining passwords by deception and persuasion- exploits users' lack of security awareness. Hitchings (1995) also suggests that organisational factors ought to be considered when assessing security systems. The aim of the study described in this paper was to identify usability and organisational factors which affect the use of passwords. The following section provides a brief overview of authentication systems along with usability and organisational issues which have been identified to date. 1.
Author: Harold Thimbleby Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1447136012 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 419
Book Description
Most organisations try to protect their systems from unauthorised access, usually through passwords. Considerable resources are spent designing secure authentication mechanisms, but the number of security breaches and problems is still increasing (DeAlvare, 1990; Gordon, 1995; Hitchings, 1995). Unauthorised access to systems, and resulting theft of information or misuse of the system, is usually due to hackers "cracking" user passwords, or obtaining them through social engineering. System security, unlike other fields of system development, has to date been regarded as an entirely technical issue - little research has been done on usability or human factors related to use of security mechanisms. Hitchings (1995) concludes that this narrow perspective has produced security mechanisms which are much less effective than they are generally thought to be. Davis & Price (1987) point out that, since security is designed, implemented, used and breached by people, human factors should be considered in the design of security mechanism. It seems that currently hackers pay more attention to human factors than security designers do. The technique of social engineering, for instanc- obtaining passwords by deception and persuasion- exploits users' lack of security awareness. Hitchings (1995) also suggests that organisational factors ought to be considered when assessing security systems. The aim of the study described in this paper was to identify usability and organisational factors which affect the use of passwords. The following section provides a brief overview of authentication systems along with usability and organisational issues which have been identified to date. 1.
Author: Hilary Johnson Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1447136055 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 341
Book Description
The need for ensuring that usability measurement results can contribute to the ongoing development of a software product in a formative way is the main theme of this paper. It is recognized that acquiring, structuring, and analysing data about the actual progression of a product's development is a challenging task. Even more difficult, is the problem of making the results of any analysis of that data readily accessible to all the participants at regular intervals in the process. The paper presents an approach to supporting that process exemplified in SEDRES (Systems Engineering Data Representation and Exchange Standardization), a European Aerospace collaborative project on developing a data exchange capability for design tools. The main subject is the role of a software tool called NUD*IST (Non-numerical Unstructured Data Indexing Searching and Theorizing) (QSR, 1997), in providing support for structuring and analysing longitudinal data and for regular feedback to the project partners about the product under development. The paper begins with an overview of the context of use, a systems engineering project involving five major companies in the European Aerospace industry. SEDRES is a three year project which started in January 1996, co-funded by an ESPRIT grant from the European Commission. The project partners comprise Aerospatiale, Alenia, British Aerospace, Daimler-Benz Aerospace, Saab and Linkoping University (Sweden), the Australian Centre for Test & Evaluation (ACTE), and Loughborough University Telecommunications and Computer-Human Interaction (LUTCHI) Research Centre.
Author: Sharon McDonald Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 144710515X Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 447
Book Description
Currently we are at the beginnings of widespread wireless connectivity and ubiquitous computing. The Web is merging with a variety of technologies: cell phones, laptop computers, hand held organisers, information appliances, and GPS and other sensors. The capability for access anytime and anywhere is here. The increasing frequency of cell phone calls at inappropriate times testifies that people no longer can easily control access. Devices can determine where they are located and can make a range of information available to users as well as make users available to others or their devices. We have proposed a general technique that promises to assist in mediating access. It capitalises on advantages afforded by computation(Hollan & Stometta, 1992). We first described the negotiation technique in the context of problems involved in scheduling meetings and then showed that similar issues, which at first may seem unrelated but in fact have much in common, arise in other contexts. One such activity, gaining immediate access, is currently of growing importance because of expanding connectivity via wireless technology. Cell phones and related technologies make it possible to be constantly available for synchronous interaction. At times, this can be advantageous but the associated costs and benefits result in a complex tradeoff space for designers as well as users.
Author: Xristine Faulkner Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1447101057 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 410
Book Description
For the last 20 years the dominant form of user interface has been the Graphical User Interface (GUl) with direct manipulation. As software gets more complicated and more and more inexperienced users come into contact with computers, enticed by the World Wide Web and smaller mobile devices, new interface metaphors are required. The increasing complexity of software has introduced more options to the user. This seemingly increased control actually decreases control as the number of options and features available to them overwhelms the users and 'information overload' can occur (Lachman, 1997). Conversational anthropomorphic interfaces provide a possible alternative to the direct manipulation metaphor. The aim of this paper is to investigate users reactions and assumptions when interacting with anthropomorphic agents. Here we consider how the level of anthropomorphism exhibited by the character and the level of interaction affects these assumptions. We compared characters of different levels of anthropomorphic abstraction, from a very abstract character to a realistic yet not human character. As more software is released for general use with anthropomorphic interfaces there seems to be no consensus of what the characters should look like and what look is more suited for different applications. Some software and research opts for realistic looking characters (for example, Haptek Inc., see http://www.haptek.com). others opt for cartoon characters (Microsoft, 1999) others opt for floating heads (Dohi & Ishizuka, 1997; Takama & Ishizuka, 1998; Koda, 1996; Koda & Maes, 1996a; Koda & Maes, 1996b).
Author: Lumsden, Joanna Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1599048728 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 1166
Book Description
"This book compiles authoritative research from scholars worldwide, covering the issues surrounding the influx of information technology to the office environment, from choice and effective use of technologies to necessary participants in the virtual workplace"--Provided by publisher.
Author: Eamonn O'Neill Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 144713754X Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 410
Book Description
HCI is a fundamental and multidisciplinary research area. It is fundamental to the development and use of computing technologies. Without good HCI, computing technologies provide less benefit to society. We often fail to notice good HCI. Good HCI passes us by without comment or surprise. The technology lets you do what you want without causing you any further work, effort or thought. You load a DVD into your DVD player and it works: why shouldn't it? You take a photograph with your digital camera and without any surprise you easily transfer and view these on your computer. You seamlessly connect to networks and devices with a common interface and interaction style. Yet when HCI is wrong the technology becomes useless, unusable, disrupts our work, inhibits our abilities and constrains our achievements. Witness the overuse and inconsistent use of hierarchical menus on mobile phones; or the lack of correspondence between call statistics on the phone handset itself and the billed call time on the account bill; or the lack of interoperability between file naming conventions on different operating systems running applications and files of the same type (e. g. the need for explicit filename suffixes on some operating systems). Those programmers, designers and developers who know no better, believe that HCI is just common sense and that their designs are obviously easy to use.
Author: Michael J. Shaw Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0306475480 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 463
Book Description
E-Business Management: Integration of Web Technologies with Business Models contains a collection of articles by leading information systems researchers on important topics related to the development of e-business. The goal is to enhance the understanding of the state of the art in e-business, including the most current and forward-looking research. The book emphasizes both business practices and academic research made possible by the recent rapid advances in the applications of e-business technology. The book should help graduate students, researchers, and practitioners understand major e-business developments, how they will transform businesses, and the strategic implications to be drawn.
Author: John Annett Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420022989 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 249
Book Description
Methods of collecting, classifying and interpreting data on human performance lie at the very root of ergonomics, and these methods are collectively know as "task analysis". They mirror both our current understanding of human performance and the design of systems which best serve the needs of their users. The concepts and techniques of task analysis have changed dramatically in recent years, and this collection serves to provide a summary of current research and advanced practice. It consists of eleven chapters written by distinguished practitioners in the field, ranging in scope from classical ergonomics to cognitive psychology, software engineering and systems design. This book is a production of a 1998 special issue of the journal Ergonomics , with a new introduction from the editors.
Author: Ghaoui, Claude Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1591407982 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 780
Book Description
Esta enciclopedia presenta numerosas experiencias y discernimientos de profesionales de todo el mundo sobre discusiones y perspectivas de la la interacción hombre-computadoras
Author: Harold Thimbleby
Author: Harold Thimbleby
Author: Hilary Johnson
Author: Sharon McDonald
Author: Xristine Faulkner
Author: Lumsden, Joanna
Author: Eamonn O'Neill
Author: Hocine Cherifi
Author: Michael J. Shaw
Author: John Annett
Author: Ghaoui, Claude