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Author: Carol Armstrong Publisher: Morgan & Claypool ISBN: 9781615044566 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 138
Book Description
[Auto Generated] 81 CHAPTER 11 Conclusion /Summary "The significance of this unusual pattern of localization is not immediately apparent and any attempt at explanation must be conjectural ." Scott (1963 )Pattern formation is an elaborate process that involves all cerebellar cell types ,projection neurons and interneurons ,glial cells and afferent inputs ,and extends over at least a month of development in the mouse (before E9 to after P20 ).First the cerebellar territory is specified in the neural tube and the anterior end of the hindbrain .Then Purkinje cells are born with different phenotypes ,and these migrate from the VZ to form a cluster array .This array is the scaffold around which interneuron and afferent topography is established .Thus ,by around birth ...
Author: Carol Armstrong Publisher: Morgan & Claypool ISBN: 9781615044566 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 138
Book Description
[Auto Generated] 81 CHAPTER 11 Conclusion /Summary "The significance of this unusual pattern of localization is not immediately apparent and any attempt at explanation must be conjectural ." Scott (1963 )Pattern formation is an elaborate process that involves all cerebellar cell types ,projection neurons and interneurons ,glial cells and afferent inputs ,and extends over at least a month of development in the mouse (before E9 to after P20 ).First the cerebellar territory is specified in the neural tube and the anterior end of the hindbrain .Then Purkinje cells are born with different phenotypes ,and these migrate from the VZ to form a cluster array .This array is the scaffold around which interneuron and afferent topography is established .Thus ,by around birth ...
Author: National Academy of Sciences Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309045290 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 195
Book Description
The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."
Author: Stephen Coombes Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3642545939 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 488
Book Description
Neural field theory has a long-standing tradition in the mathematical and computational neurosciences. Beginning almost 50 years ago with seminal work by Griffiths and culminating in the 1970ties with the models of Wilson and Cowan, Nunez and Amari, this important research area experienced a renaissance during the 1990ties by the groups of Ermentrout, Robinson, Bressloff, Wright and Haken. Since then, much progress has been made in both, the development of mathematical and numerical techniques and in physiological refinement und understanding. In contrast to large-scale neural network models described by huge connectivity matrices that are computationally expensive in numerical simulations, neural field models described by connectivity kernels allow for analytical treatment by means of methods from functional analysis. Thus, a number of rigorous results on the existence of bump and wave solutions or on inverse kernel construction problems are nowadays available. Moreover, neural fields provide an important interface for the coupling of neural activity to experimentally observable data, such as the electroencephalogram (EEG) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). And finally, neural fields over rather abstract feature spaces, also called dynamic fields, found successful applications in the cognitive sciences and in robotics. Up to now, research results in neural field theory have been disseminated across a number of distinct journals from mathematics, computational neuroscience, biophysics, cognitive science and others. There is no comprehensive collection of results or reviews available yet. With our proposed book Neural Field Theory, we aim at filling this gap in the market. We received consent from some of the leading scientists in the field, who are willing to write contributions for the book, among them are two of the founding-fathers of neural field theory: Shun-ichi Amari and Jack Cowan.
Author: Carol Armstrong Publisher: Biota Publishing ISBN: 1615044574 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 139
Book Description
Pattern formation has fascinated biologists since the time of Aristotle, but only recently have new tools begun to reveal the underlying mechanisms that create these patterns during development. In particular, the central nervous system is dynamically patterned and highly modular, ranging from nuclear cell clusters in the brain stem and spinal cord to the elaborate cytoarchitecture of the neocortex. Similar developmental processes divide brain structures such as the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, superior colliculus, and cerebellum into these sub-compartments. The way neural modules form and the mechanisms that establish connectivity between these modules is one of the most complex problems in neuroscience and also one of the most important. This monograph focuses on pattern formation in the developing cerebellum. Table of Contents: Background and Rationale / Overview of Cerebellar Organization / The Modular Cerebellum / Overview of Cerebellar Development / Establishment and Organization of the Cerebellar Anlage / Development and Patterning of Purkinje Cells / Development and Patterning of Granule Cells / Development of Afferent Projections / Patterning of Other Cells in the Cerebellum: Inhibitory Interneurons, Unipolar Brush Cells, and Glia / Neural Cell Death in Normal Development / Conclusion and Summary / Author Biographies
Author: J. A. Scott Kelso Publisher: MIT Press (MA) ISBN: 9780262112000 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 334
Book Description
Kelso begins with a general account of dynamic pattern formation. He then takes up behavior, focusing initially on identifying pattern-forming instabilities in human sensorimotor coordination. Moving back and forth between theory and experiment, he establishes the notion that the same pattern-forming mechanisms apply regardless of the component parts involved (parts of the body, parts of the nervous system, parts of society) and the medium through which the parts are coupled. Finally, employing the latest techniques to observe spatiotemporal patterns of brain activity, Kelso shows that the human brain is fundamentally a pattern forming dynamical system, poised on the brink of instability. Self-organization thus underlies the cooperative action of neurons that produces human behavior in all its forms.
Author: J. A. Scott Kelso Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 9780262611312 Category : Behavior Languages : en Pages : 368
Book Description
foreword by Hermann Haken For the past twenty years Scott Kelso's research has focused on extending the physical concepts of self- organization and the mathematical tools of nonlinear dynamics to understand how human beings (and human brains) perceive, intend, learn, control, and coordinate complex behaviors. In this book Kelso proposes a new, general framework within which to connect brain, mind, and behavior.Kelso's prescription for mental life breaks dramatically with the classical computational approach that is still the operative framework for many newer psychological and neurophysiological studies. His core thesis is that the creation and evolution of patterned behavior at all levels--from neurons to mind--is governed by the generic processes of self-organization. Both human brain and behavior are shown to exhibit features of pattern-forming dynamical systems, including multistability, abrupt phase transitions, crises, and intermittency. Dynamic Patterns brings together different aspects of this approach to the study of human behavior, using simple experimental examples and illustrations to convey essential concepts, strategies, and methods, with a minimum of mathematics. Kelso begins with a general account of dynamic pattern formation. He then takes up behavior, focusing initially on identifying pattern-forming instabilities in human sensorimotor coordination. Moving back and forth between theory and experiment, he establishes the notion that the same pattern-forming mechanisms apply regardless of the component parts involved (parts of the body, parts of the nervous system, parts of society) and the medium through which the parts are coupled. Finally, employing the latest techniques to observe spatiotemporal patterns of brain activity, Kelso shows that the human brain is fundamentally a pattern forming dynamical system, poised on the brink of instability. Self-organization thus underlies the cooperative action of neurons that produces human behavior in all its forms.
Author: Salvador Martinez Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889196194 Category : Cerebellum Languages : en Pages : 112
Book Description
In this book, laboratory leaders on cerebellar neuroscience have revised the present body of knowledge about cerebellum anatomy and function. The trip throughout the cerebellar vineyard organization starts from the causal study of morphogenesis (that is, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underplaying form generation) to the molecular mechanism regulation cellular differentiation: Basson, Dusart, Hawkes, Martinez and Rosi’s groups contributions. Then, neurodevelopmental anomalies associated with structural disorganization are revised in Jissendi and Batkovich’s group reviews, describing and discussing pathogenic processes. Finally, functional mechanisms of cerebellar circuits involved in motor learning are revised by Delgado-Garcia and Armengol’s group contribution.
Author: Chris I. De Zeeuw Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080457207 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 430
Book Description
Creating Coordination in the Cerebellum provides a multidisciplinary collection of chapters on the cerebellum with topics covering the entire spectrum from development and molecular neurobiology, cell physiology and plasticity to motor control, system physiology, functional imaging and pathology. The book not only presents novel discoveries obtained with recently developed technologies, but also gives new general concepts in global issues of cerebellar development and functions. By doing so it sets the standard for cerebellar research of the 21st century.* Provides a complete overview of current cerebellar research* Includes color illustrations* Contains contributions from renowned cerebellar scientists
Author: Hermann Haken Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540752382 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 331
Book Description
This is an excellent introduction for graduate students and nonspecialists to the field of mathematical and computational neurosciences. The book approaches the subject via pulsed-coupled neural networks, which have at their core the lighthouse and integrate-and-fire models. These allow for highly flexible modeling of realistic synaptic activity, synchronization and spatio-temporal pattern formation. The more advanced pulse-averaged equations are discussed.
Author: Carol Armstrong
Author: Carol Armstrong
Author: Sana Karam
Author: National Academy of Sciences
Author: Stephen Coombes
Author: Carol Armstrong
Author: J. A. Scott Kelso
Author: J. A. Scott Kelso
Author: Salvador Martinez
Author: Chris I. De Zeeuw
Author: Hermann Haken