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Author: Macauley Reardon Dupree Kenney Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 122
Book Description
Industrialization is the process in which a primarily agricultural area transforms into one centered around manufacturing goods and services. It occurs after the relocation of a large industrial plant to a previously rural area and, if left unregulated, can grow to monopolize the natural resources of a region to the detriment of the surrounding community. (Sengupta, Bandyopadhyay, Roy, van Westen, & van der Veen, 2016) Industrialization also accelerates regional urbanization by incentivizing worker migration. Unchecked or poorly planned urbanization can lead to insufficient public services and slum housing developments as the population increases more rapidly than the municipality is able to accommodate. (Barve, Kenney, & Ojha, n.d.) This is especially pertinent in India, where many areas are quickly urbanizing, and where water and sanitation services and urban planning can be non-existent in rural areas and cash-strapped regions do not have the ability to create or expand services in response to rapid population growth. (Raparthi, 2015) This thesis explores how policy can impact industrialization and its effects and, subsequently, impact the urbanization process. Through the construction of a modeling approach it examines: how regions attract industry, how that attraction translates to the opening of industry in a new location, the ensuing effects of new industry in a region, and how policy can alter these processes. The goal of this examination is to assist policymakers in determining legislation that support better integration between industry and urban development and mitigate the negative impacts of industrialization. To simulate the growth of industrial development, and the impact of that growth on the region, the modeling approach characterizes the attractiveness of a region using multi attribute utility analysis (MAUA) and then uses projections of industrial growth rates and regional characterization to allocate new industry locates there to capture the impact industrial openings have on regional attributes. Methods of policy intervention are examined at each of these steps. The author applies this methodology to the district of Jajapur, an up-and-coming industrial region in northeast India, as a case study of the impact on policies on urbanization. To do this the model characterizes Jajapur's regional attributes in comparison with the other regionals available to industrial location, and matches it with new industry based on its relative attractiveness. The author simulates different industrial and urban development futures for Jajapur based on a selection of legislative policies, and examines the impact of those futures on Jajapur's quality of life metrics.
Author: Macauley Reardon Dupree Kenney Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 122
Book Description
Industrialization is the process in which a primarily agricultural area transforms into one centered around manufacturing goods and services. It occurs after the relocation of a large industrial plant to a previously rural area and, if left unregulated, can grow to monopolize the natural resources of a region to the detriment of the surrounding community. (Sengupta, Bandyopadhyay, Roy, van Westen, & van der Veen, 2016) Industrialization also accelerates regional urbanization by incentivizing worker migration. Unchecked or poorly planned urbanization can lead to insufficient public services and slum housing developments as the population increases more rapidly than the municipality is able to accommodate. (Barve, Kenney, & Ojha, n.d.) This is especially pertinent in India, where many areas are quickly urbanizing, and where water and sanitation services and urban planning can be non-existent in rural areas and cash-strapped regions do not have the ability to create or expand services in response to rapid population growth. (Raparthi, 2015) This thesis explores how policy can impact industrialization and its effects and, subsequently, impact the urbanization process. Through the construction of a modeling approach it examines: how regions attract industry, how that attraction translates to the opening of industry in a new location, the ensuing effects of new industry in a region, and how policy can alter these processes. The goal of this examination is to assist policymakers in determining legislation that support better integration between industry and urban development and mitigate the negative impacts of industrialization. To simulate the growth of industrial development, and the impact of that growth on the region, the modeling approach characterizes the attractiveness of a region using multi attribute utility analysis (MAUA) and then uses projections of industrial growth rates and regional characterization to allocate new industry locates there to capture the impact industrial openings have on regional attributes. Methods of policy intervention are examined at each of these steps. The author applies this methodology to the district of Jajapur, an up-and-coming industrial region in northeast India, as a case study of the impact on policies on urbanization. To do this the model characterizes Jajapur's regional attributes in comparison with the other regionals available to industrial location, and matches it with new industry based on its relative attractiveness. The author simulates different industrial and urban development futures for Jajapur based on a selection of legislative policies, and examines the impact of those futures on Jajapur's quality of life metrics.
Author: Keijiro Otsuka Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811331316 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 305
Book Description
This book is open access under a CC BY-NC-ND license. This book addresses the issue of how a country, which was incorporated into the world economy as a periphery, could make a transition to the emerging state, capable of undertaking the task of economic development and industrialization. It offers historical and contemporary case studies of transition, as well as the international background under which such a transition was successfully made (or delayed), by combining the approaches of economic history and development economics. Its aim is to identify relevant historical contexts, that is, the ‘initial conditions’ and internal and external forces which governed the transition. It also aims to understand what current low-income developing countries require for their transition. Three economic driving forces for the transition are identified. They are: (1) labor-intensive industrialization, which offers ample employment opportunities for labor force; (2) international trade, which facilitates efficient international division of labor; and (3) agricultural development, which improves food security by increasing supply of staple foods. The book presents a bold account of each driver for the transition.
Author: David O'Connor Publisher: Zed Books ISBN: 9781848130272 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 452
Book Description
With very few exceptions, industrial development has been central to the process of structural transformation which characterises economic development. Industrial Development for the 21st century examines the new challenges and opportunities arising from globalization, technological change and new international trade rules. The first part focuses on key sectors with potential for developing countries, focussing on two key themes. First, traditional points of entry for late industrializers - like textiles and clothing - have become even more intensely competitive than ever before, requiring more innovative adaptive strategies for success. Second, countries now recognize that manufacturing does not exhaust the opportunities for producing high value-added goods and services for international markets. Knowledge intensity is increasing across all spheres of economic activity, including agriculture and services, which can offer promising development paths for some developing countries. The final section addresses social and environmental aspects of industrial development. Labour-intensive, but not necessarily other patterns of industrial development can be highly effective in poverty reduction though further industrial progress may be less labour-intensive. A range of policies can promote industrial energy and materials efficiency, often with positive impacts on firms' financial performance as well as the environment. Promoting materials recycling and reuse is an effective, if indirect means of conserving resources. Finally, the growth of multinational interest in corporate social responsibility is traced, with consideration given to both the barriers and opportunities this can pose for developing country enterprises linked to global supply chains.
Author: Department of Economic & Social Affairs Publisher: United Nations Publications ISBN: 9789211045871 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 295
Book Description
This book presents an overview of the key debates that took place during the Economic and Social Council meetings at the 2007 High-level Segment, at which ECOSOC organized its first biennial Development Cooperation Forum. The discussions also revolved around the theme of the second Annual Ministerial Review, "Implementing the internationally agreed goals and commitments in regard to sustainable development."--P. 4 of cover.
Author: Kenichi Ohno Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1136198849 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 369
Book Description
This book proposes a new, pragmatic way of approaching economic development which features policy learning based on a comparison of international best policy practices. While the important role of government in promoting private sector development is being recognized, policy discussion often remains general without details as to what exactly to do and how to avoid common pitfalls. This book fills the gap by showing concrete policy contents, procedures, and organizations adopted in high-performing East Asian economies. Natural resources and foreign aid and investment can take a country to a certain income level, but growth stalls when given advantages are exhausted. Economies will be caught in middle income traps if growth impetus is not internally generated. Meanwhile, countries that have soared to high income introduced mindset, policies, and institutions that encouraged, or even forced, accumulation of human capital – skills, technology, and knowledge. How this can be done systematically is the main topic of policy learning. However, government should not randomly adopt what Singapore or Taiwan did in the past. A continued march to prosperity is possible only when policy makers acquire capability to formulate policy suitable for local context after studying a number of international experiences. Developing countries wanting to adopt effective industrial strategies but not knowing where to start will benefit greatly by the ideas and hands-on examples presented by the author. Students of development economics will find a new methodological perspective which can supplement the ongoing industrial policy debate. The book also gives an excellent account of national pride and pragmatism exhibited by officials in East Asia who produced remarkable economic growth, as well as serious effort by an African country to emulate this miracle. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/doi/view/10.4324/9780203085530 has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Author: National Intelligence Council Publisher: Cosimo Reports ISBN: 9781646794973 Category : Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Author: World Bank Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 1464813566 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 201
Book Description
Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.
Author: Prabhu Pingali Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3030144097 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 382
Book Description
This open access book examines the interactions between India’s economic development, agricultural production, and nutrition through the lens of a “Food Systems Approach (FSA).” The Indian growth story is a paradoxical one. Despite economic progress over the past two decades, regional inequality, food insecurity and malnutrition problems persist. Simultaneously, recent trends in obesity along with micro-nutrient deficiency portend to a future public health crisis. This book explores various challenges and opportunities to achieve a nutrition-secure future through diversified production systems, improved health and hygiene environment and greater individual capability to access a balanced diet contributing to an increase in overall productivity. The authors bring together the latest data and scientific evidence from the country to map out the current state of food systems and nutrition outcomes. They place India within the context of other developing country experiences and highlight India’s status as an outlier in terms of the persistence of high levels of stunting while following global trends in obesity. This book discusses the policy and institutional interventions needed for promoting a nutrition-sensitive food system and the multi-sectoral strategies needed for simultaneously addressing the triple burden of malnutrition in India.
Author: Yi Wen Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9814733741 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 336
Book Description
The rise of China is no doubt one of the most important events in world economic history since the Industrial Revolution. Mainstream economics, especially the institutional theory of economic development based on a dichotomy of extractive vs. inclusive political institutions, is highly inadequate in explaining China's rise. This book argues that only a radical reinterpretation of the history of the Industrial Revolution and the rise of the West (as incorrectly portrayed by the institutional theory) can fully explain China's growth miracle and why the determined rise of China is unstoppable despite its current 'backward' financial system and political institutions. Conversely, China's spectacular and rapid transformation from an impoverished agrarian society to a formidable industrial superpower sheds considerable light on the fundamental shortcomings of the institutional theory and mainstream 'blackboard' economic models, and provides more-accurate reevaluations of historical episodes such as Africa's enduring poverty trap despite radical political and economic reforms, Latin America's lost decades and frequent debt crises, 19th century Europe's great escape from the Malthusian trap, and the Industrial Revolution itself.
Author: Macauley Reardon Dupree Kenney
Author: Macauley Reardon Dupree Kenney
Author: Keijiro Otsuka
Author: David O'Connor
Author: 
Author: Department of Economic & Social Affairs
Author: Kenichi Ohno
Author: National Intelligence Council
Author: World Bank
Author: Prabhu Pingali
Author: Yi Wen