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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Measurement techniques for in-situ simultaneous measurements of particle size distributions and particle velocities using the dual beam laser Doppler velocimeter (LV) were analytically and experimentally investigated. This investigation examined the different signal characteristics of the LV for determination of particle size and particle velocity, simultaneously. The different size related signal components were evaluated not only singularly but also as simultaneous measurements to determine which characteristic, or combination of characteristics, provided the best measure of particle size. The evaluation concentrated on the 0.5 to 5 .mu.m particle size range, in which the LV light scattering characteristics are complex often non-monotonic functions of the particle size as well as functions of index of refraction, the laser light wavelength, laser intensity and polarization, and the location and response characteristics of the detector. Different components of the LV signal were considered, but analysis concentrated on Doppler phase, visibility and scatter-intensity because they show the greatest promise. These signals characteristics were initially defined analytically for numerous optical configurations over the 0.5 to 5 .mu.m diameter range with 0.1 .mu.m segmentation, for refractive index values from 1.0 to 3.0 with absorptive (imaginary) components varied form 0 to 1.0. Collector orientation and effective f/No., as well as fringe spacing, beam polarization and wavelength, were varied in this analytical evaluation. 18 refs., 42 figs., 5 tabs.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Measurement techniques for in-situ simultaneous measurements of particle size distributions and particle velocities using the dual beam laser Doppler velocimeter (LV) were analytically and experimentally investigated. This investigation examined the different signal characteristics of the LV for determination of particle size and particle velocity, simultaneously. The different size related signal components were evaluated not only singularly but also as simultaneous measurements to determine which characteristic, or combination of characteristics, provided the best measure of particle size. The evaluation concentrated on the 0.5 to 5 .mu.m particle size range, in which the LV light scattering characteristics are complex often non-monotonic functions of the particle size as well as functions of index of refraction, the laser light wavelength, laser intensity and polarization, and the location and response characteristics of the detector. Different components of the LV signal were considered, but analysis concentrated on Doppler phase, visibility and scatter-intensity because they show the greatest promise. These signals characteristics were initially defined analytically for numerous optical configurations over the 0.5 to 5 .mu.m diameter range with 0.1 .mu.m segmentation, for refractive index values from 1.0 to 3.0 with absorptive (imaginary) components varied form 0 to 1.0. Collector orientation and effective f/No., as well as fringe spacing, beam polarization and wavelength, were varied in this analytical evaluation. 18 refs., 42 figs., 5 tabs.
Author: Dana G. Andrews Publisher: ISBN: Category : Doppler effect Languages : en Pages : 86
Book Description
The intensity of laser light back-scattered from a particle and transmitted by a Fabry-Perot interferometer is used to determine particle-size. The instrument's optics and electronics are calibrated by examining stationary particles of known diameter resting on a non-reflective glass slide. The response of the instrument is determined by comparing measured intensities with theoretical values calculated as a complex function of particle size, refractive index and ray geometry. The results show that the measured intensities do approximate the theoretical variation with particle size and in the range of particle diameters measured (1-10 microns), the error is less than one micron. (Author).
Author: Howard Doyle Thompson Publisher: ISBN: Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 586
Book Description
Contents: A Historical Review of Laser Velocimetry. Developments in Instrumentation, Data Analysis, Combustion Measurements, Measurements in Turbulent Flows, Measurements in Internal Combustion Engines, General Applications, Particle Diagnostics, Wild Card Session, and Panel Discussion.
Author: H.-E. Albrecht Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3662051656 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 741
Book Description
Providing the first comprehensive treatment, this book covers all aspects of the laser Doppler and phase Doppler measurement techniques, including light scattering from small particles, fundamental optics, system design, signal and data processing, tracer particle generation, and applications in single and two-phase flows. The book is intended as both a reference book for more experienced users as well as an instructional book for students. It provides ample material as a basis for a lecture course on the subject and represents one of the most comprehensive treatments of the phase Doppler technique to date. The book will serve as a valuable reference book in any fluid mechanics laboratory where the laser Doppler or phase Doppler techniques are used. This work reflects the authors' long practical experience in the development of the techniques and equipment, as the many examples confirm.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A method of measuring the aerodynamic diameter of aerosol particles was investigated. The method consists of accelerating particles in a coverging nozzle and measuring their velocities near the exit of th nozzle with a laser--Doppler velocimeter. The experimental studies utilized a test nozzle with a converging angle of approximately 15° and an exit diameter of about .1 cm. The pressure drop across the nozzle was varied from 2.54 to 276 cm of H2O, and particle velocity was observed to vary from approximately 0.5 to 1.0 times the gas velocity at the exit of the nozzle. A theoretical analysis utilized boundary layer theory to predict the velocity of the gas in the nozzle, and then the equations of particle motion were integrated to give the theoretical particle velocities. These values agreed with the experimental values to within a few percent. The effects of nozzle geometry, flow rate, particle density, and particle size were studied using the results of calculations made with dimensionless equations. The velocity of a particle in a given nozzle and flow depends upon the aerodynamic diameter of the particle and the particle density. The geometry and flow can be chosen to minimize the effect of particle density. Assuming that the density of particles in the atmosphere ranges from 1 g/cm3 to 3 g/cm3, the aerodynamic diameter of particles can be measured with an uncertainty of +- 10% in the size range from .5 .mu.m to 10 .mu.m.
Author: Wai K. Cheng Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 93
Book Description
A theoretical and experimental study on the feasibility of determining the size of a single submicron particle by observing its Brownian motion characteristics has been carried out. The method is based on measurement of the particle motion interferometrically using the light scattered from a pair of intersecting laser beams. The particle is assumed to be in thermal equilibrium with a fluid medium. due to the viscous damping of the fluid, the motion of the particle exhibits relaxation behavior. The relaxation time may be obtained from the interference signal. Knowing the temperature and the viscosity of the fluid, the mass, hence the size of the particle may be determined from the relaxation time. Monte Carlo simulation of the Brownian motion detector response has shown that the relaxation time may be obtained from the statistics of the time between extrema of the signal. A proof-of-concept experiment was conducted using latex spheres of known sizes as test particles. The signal to noise ratio of the experimental setup, however, was not adequate for determining the size of the particles.
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Author: 
Author: Dana G. Andrews
Author: Howard Doyle Thompson
Author: Ajay R. Shah
Author: H.-E. Albrecht
Author: James Charles Wilson
Author: Dana Gene Andrews
Author: 
Author: C. E. Fuller
Author: Wai K. Cheng