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Author: Venugopalan Ittekkot Publisher: ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 408
Book Description
Particle flux in the ocean is a major segment linking terrestrial, meteorological and surface ocean processes with those operating in the deep sea. This book describes how wind speeds and dust fallout over the oceans, volcanic eruptions and freshwater and suspended matter inputs from rivers influence material flux to the ocean's interior and its variability. It explores the potential use of deep ocean particle flux studies to record and monitor climatic and environmental changes.
Author: Venugopalan Ittekkot Publisher: ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 408
Book Description
Particle flux in the ocean is a major segment linking terrestrial, meteorological and surface ocean processes with those operating in the deep sea. This book describes how wind speeds and dust fallout over the oceans, volcanic eruptions and freshwater and suspended matter inputs from rivers influence material flux to the ocean's interior and its variability. It explores the potential use of deep ocean particle flux studies to record and monitor climatic and environmental changes.
Author: Gerold Wefer Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642803539 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 815
Book Description
The book presents results of recent projects in oceanography and marine geosciences (e.g. WOCE, JGOFS, PAGES, ODP) regarding present and past circulation in the South Atlantic. The objective of the book is to integrate results from both oceanographic and geological studies. As the connecting link between the Antarctic and the North Atlantic, the South Atlantic plays a crucial role with regard to the heat budget of the North Atlantic and to the biogeochemical budget of the global ocean. New results from studies of meridional water mass and heat transports are presented. The central theme of geological investigations is the reconstruction of current and productivity systems in the South Atlantic during the late Quaternary.
Author: Peter S. Liss Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3642256430 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 366
Book Description
The oceans and atmosphere interact through various processes, including the transfer of momentum, heat, gases and particles. In this book leading international experts come together to provide a state-of-the-art account of these exchanges and their role in the Earth-system, with particular focus on gases and particles. Chapters in the book cover: i) the ocean-atmosphere exchange of short-lived trace gases; ii) mechanisms and models of interfacial exchange (including transfer velocity parameterisations); iii) ocean-atmosphere exchange of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide; iv) ocean atmosphere exchange of particles and v) current and future data collection and synthesis efforts. The scope of the book extends to the biogeochemical responses to emitted / deposited material and interactions and feedbacks in the wider Earth-system context. This work constitutes a highly detailed synthesis and reference; of interest to higher-level university students (Masters, PhD) and researchers in ocean-atmosphere interactions and related fields (Earth-system science, marine / atmospheric biogeochemistry / climate). Production of this book was supported and funded by the EU COST Action 735 and coordinated by the International SOLAS (Surface Ocean- Lower Atmosphere Study) project office.
Author: Bernward J. Hay Publisher: ISBN: Category : Black Sea Languages : en Pages : 612
Book Description
The particle flux in the present and over the last 5,000 years was investigated in the Black Sea in a comparative study with samples from time-series sediment traps and laminated core sediments. The sediment trap samples were collected in the southwestern Black Sea over 2 1/2 years at sampling intervals of about two weeks. Sediment core samples were derived from the central part of the western Black Sea, deposited throughout the last 5,000 years during which the Black Sea was anoxic. Conclusions from this study shed important light on temporal and regional variability of the particle flux in the Black Sea, dominant particle sources, and particle transport mechanisms. Dominant particle sources are biogenic matter (coccolithophorids of the species Emiliania huxleyi, diatoms, and silicoflagellates) and terrigenous matter from the Danube and nearby local rivers. The relative importance in the supply of these particles varies annually and can be grouped into three phases: Phase I (June-October) coccolithophorid production, Phase II (November-January) - resuspension of coccoliths and terrigenous matter, and Phase III (February-May) river input of terrigenous matter and production of diatoms and silicoflagellates. Once removed from the surface water, particles settle rapidly at a rate of 115 ±70 m/day. Regionally, the particle flux varies considerably. Throughout the last 1,000 years (sediment unit I), the particle flux (paleoflux) was more than 5 times larger in the central part of the western Black Sea than at present in the southwestern Black Sea, mostly because of the 11 times larger supply of coccoliths. The coccoliths were probably largely produced on or adjacent to the Danube shelf in the northwestern Black Sea and subsequently resuspended and transported offshelf by the fall storms. Terrigenous matter in the central part of the western Black Sea is higher by a factor of 3 compared to the southwestern Black Sea. The coccoliths are concentrated in the white laminae (>93 % CaCO3), and if the seasonal dynamics in the particle supply at the sediment trap site is taken as a standard, the white laminae would be deposited between about June and January. The black laminae contain largely terrigenous matter and form during the peak river discharge period between about February and May. Compared to the last 1,000 years (unit I), the particle flux in the central part of the western Black Sea between 1,000 and 5,000 years B.P. was smaller by a factor of three, because the salinity was still too low during this time period for the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi to exist. The Black Sea was a fresh water environment before more than 5,000 years ago and gradually became brackish; Emiliania huxleyi became established after the salinity exceeded 11%. The terrigenous matter supply remained about constant over the last 5,000 years. The western Black Sea is dominated by terrigenous input from the Danube as revealed by the illite/montmorillonite ratio. Seasonally, the terrigenous matter from the Danube appears to be traceable in the southwestern Black Sea, as seen by the Ti/Al and illite/montmorillonite ratios in the sediment trap samples.
Author: Venugopalan Ittekkot
Author: Venugopalan Ittekkot
Author: Maureen H. Conte
Author: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Author: Egon T. Degens
Author: Gerold Wefer
Author: 
Author: Peter S. Liss
Author: Egon T. Degens
Author: Bernward J. Hay
Author: Ray B. Krone