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Author: Hillary Paul Halpern Publisher: ISBN: Category : Children Languages : en Pages : 91
Book Description
This longitudinal study examined the association between parents' early and concurrent gender ideology and gendered behaviors and their children's gender-role attitudes at age six. Specifically, parents' global beliefs about women's and men's "rightful" roles in society, as well as their work preferences for mothers, were considered in relation to the gender-role attitudes held by their first-graders. In addition, parents' gendered behaviors, including their division of household and childcare tasks, division of paid work hours, and job traditionality were examined as predictors of children's gender-role attitudes. Based on previous research, it was hypothesized parents' early and concurrent behavior and ideology would predict children's gender-role attitudes in unique ways, and that overall, parents' behavior would be more influential than their ideology in the development of their children's understanding of gender roles. It was also hypothesized that fathers' ideologies would be more closely related to sons' attitudes than daughters' attitudes. Partial support was found for these hypotheses, and findings varied across three measures of children's gender-role attitudes. The present study is the first of its kind to examine the relationships between both mothers' and fathers' gender ideology and gendered behavior with children's gender-role attitudes from a longitudinal perspective. Findings from the current study will fill gaps in the literature on children's gender development in the context of the family, and offer the benefit of a longitudinal exploration of the relationship between parents' gender ideologies, gendered behavior, and children's gender-role attitudes. Several limitations, including those related to the nature of the sample, are addressed.
Author: Hillary Paul Halpern Publisher: ISBN: Category : Children Languages : en Pages : 91
Book Description
This longitudinal study examined the association between parents' early and concurrent gender ideology and gendered behaviors and their children's gender-role attitudes at age six. Specifically, parents' global beliefs about women's and men's "rightful" roles in society, as well as their work preferences for mothers, were considered in relation to the gender-role attitudes held by their first-graders. In addition, parents' gendered behaviors, including their division of household and childcare tasks, division of paid work hours, and job traditionality were examined as predictors of children's gender-role attitudes. Based on previous research, it was hypothesized parents' early and concurrent behavior and ideology would predict children's gender-role attitudes in unique ways, and that overall, parents' behavior would be more influential than their ideology in the development of their children's understanding of gender roles. It was also hypothesized that fathers' ideologies would be more closely related to sons' attitudes than daughters' attitudes. Partial support was found for these hypotheses, and findings varied across three measures of children's gender-role attitudes. The present study is the first of its kind to examine the relationships between both mothers' and fathers' gender ideology and gendered behavior with children's gender-role attitudes from a longitudinal perspective. Findings from the current study will fill gaps in the literature on children's gender development in the context of the family, and offer the benefit of a longitudinal exploration of the relationship between parents' gender ideologies, gendered behavior, and children's gender-role attitudes. Several limitations, including those related to the nature of the sample, are addressed.
Author: W. Bradford Wilcox Publisher: Columbia University Press ISBN: 0231160690 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 376
Book Description
The essays in this collection deploy biological and social scientific perspectives to evaluate the transformative experience of parenthood for today's women and men. They map the similar and distinct roles mothers and fathers play in their children's lives and measure the effect of gendered parenting on child well-being, work and family arrangements, and the quality of couples' relationships. Contributors describe what happens to brains and bodies when women become mothers and men become fathers; whether the stakes are the same or different for each sex; why, across history and cultures, women are typically more involved in childcare than men; why some fathers are strongly present in their children's lives while others are not; and how the various commitments men and women make to parenting shape their approaches to paid work and romantic relationships. Considering recent changes in men's and women's familial duties, the growing number of single-parent families, and the impassioned tenor of same-sex marriage debates, this book adds sound scientific and theoretical insight to these issues, constituting a standout resource for those interested in the causes and consequences of contemporary gendered parenthood.
Author: Patrick Leman Publisher: Psychology Press ISBN: 1317973992 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 280
Book Description
Children are born into a world infused with gendered information. An understanding of what it is to be a boy or girl can be critical in forming social relationships, social identities, and learning how to think and behave. Gender and Development is an important new volume that charts how children practice these gendered identities at different ages and in different social contexts Taking a socio-cognitive approach, and integrating both theoretical and applied perspectives, the book looks at a range of contexts in which gender affects development and socialisation, from the child’s place in the family unit and their interaction with parents and siblings, to the influence of communication with peers over the internet. Throughout the chapters an age-old issue is addressed through a contemporary, empirically focused perspective – namely the nature and extent of equality between the genders, and how difficult it is for attitudes, perceptions and stereotypes to change. Key social issues are covered, including pro-social behaviour, career choice and academic competencies. Gender and Development brings together some of the latest research in this important and enduring field of study. It is a timely and invaluable collection, and will be essential reading for all students and research in developmental psychology, social psychology and gender studies.
Author: Erica S. Weisgram Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA) ISBN: 9781433828867 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In this volume, scholars in developmental psychology, education, and neuroscience examine the ways in which children's toys often reflect and promote gender stereotypes, as well as the long-term consequences of gender-typed play.
Author: Janet T. Spence Publisher: University of Texas Press ISBN: 1477303111 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 311
Book Description
Many societies assign sharply distinguished roles to men and women. Personality differences, as well as physical differences, between men and women are used to justify these different sex roles, and women are seen as more emotionally and interpersonally sensitive than men, while men are said to be more competent, achievement oriented, and assertive than women. A widely held view is that not only do men and women differ but that possession of "masculine" characteristics precludes possession of "feminine" characteristics. This bipolar conception has led to the definition of masculinity and femininity as opposites. Acceptance of this idea has caused social scientists and laypersons to consider men and women who possess cross-sex personality characteristics as less emotionally healthy and socially adjusted than those with sex-appropriate traits. Previous research by the authors and others, done almost exclusively with college students, has shown, however, that masculinity and femininity do not relate negatively to each other, thus supporting a dualistic rather than a bipolar conception of these two psychological dimensions. Spence and Helmreich present data showing that the dualistic conception holds for a large number of groups, varying widely in age, geographical location, socioeconomic status, and patterns of interest, whose psychological masculinity and femininity were measured with an objective instrument, the Personality Attributes Questionnaire, devised by the authors. Many individuals are shown to be appropriately sex-typed; that is, men tend to be high in masculinity and low in femininity and women the reverse. However, a substantial number of men and women are androgynous—high in both masculine and feminine characteristics—while some are not high in either. Importantly, the authors find that androgynous individuals display more self-esteem, social competence, and achievement orientation than individuals who are strong in either masculinity or femininity or are not strong in either. One of the major contributions of the work is the development of a new, multifaceted measure of achievement motivation (the Work and Family Orientation Questionnaire), which can be used successfully to predict behavior in both males and females and is related to masculinity and femininity in both sexes. In addition to investigating the correlates of masculinity and femininity, the authors attempt to isolate parental factors that contribute to the development of these characteristics and achievement motivation. The book includes analyses of data from students on their perception of their parents, which enable the authors to examine the influence of parental masculinity and femininity and parental behaviors and child-rearing attitudes on the development of masculinity and femininity and achievement motivation characteristics in their children. The important implications of these findings for theories of sex roles, personality development, and achievement motivation are examined.
Author: Anneka Linsey Dawson Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This thesis examined the influence of parents' gendered attitudes and behaviours on three different aspects of development in middle childhood and early adolescence through three papers. The first paper explored the longitudinal influence of parents' gender-role attitudes and division of household responsibilities on children's gender development. Results showed that parents' gender-role attitudes and division of household responsibilities were predictive of children's gendered personality traits, gender-role attitudes and feminine preferences for activities, but not their masculine preferences for activities. The second paper investigated the influence of parents' gender-role attitudes and division of household responsibilities on children's ability self-concepts. Parents' gendered attitudes and behaviours were not predictive of children's ability self-concepts. However, children's own gendered attitudes and behaviours were associated with these self-concepts. Children's higher feminine preferences predicted lower maths and sports self-concepts and higher English self-concepts. In addition, higher masculine preferences and personality traits predicted higher sports self-concepts. Finally, the third paper explored the influences of parents' gender-role attitudes and division of household responsibilities on sibling relationship quality, and marriage and parenting as mediators of this association, which is unique to the literature. Families with more egalitarian division of household responsibilities had more positive and less negative sibling relationships than traditional families. Using structural equation modelling, parenting, but not marriage was found to act as a mediator. Papers 1 and 2 used a longitudinal sample of 106 families with two siblings and their parents from the South East of England. Paper 3 used just the first wave of data from this study which included 124 families. This research highlights the importance of taking a family systems approach to examining child development, and emphasises the need to explore the father-child and sibling relationships in addition to the prevalent focus on mother-child relationships. In addition, multiple dimensions of gender were explored for parents and children rather than just examining sex differences. This added extra depth to the analysis and aided in understanding the complexity of these associations. The diverse nature of influences of parents' gendered attitudes and behaviours on these three areas allows comparisons to be made that contribute to the literature on parental influences and our understanding of child development in middle childhood and early adolescence.
Author: Laurie Frankel Publisher: Macmillan ISBN: 1250088550 Category : Fiction Languages : en Pages : 337
Book Description
"This is Claude. He's five years old, the youngest of five brothers. He also loves peanut butter sandwiches. He also loves wearing a dress, and dreams of being a princess.When he grows up, Claude says, he wants to be a girl. Rosie and Penn want Claude to be whoever Claude wants to be. They're just not sure they're ready to share that with the world. Soon the entire family is keeping Claude's secret. Until one day it explodes."--
Author: Kerstin Engelmann Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3640344359 Category : Literary Collections Languages : en Pages : 22
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,0, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg (Institut für fremdsprachliche Philologien), course: Language and Gender, language: English, abstract: “Parents play an active teaching role that is “...commonplace, conscious, and directive.” For this reason, I decided to consider the role of language and gender behaviour in the family. In this paper, I demonstrate similarities and differences of language and behaviour of parents towards their children. First, I focus on general language and behaviour of parents. Opening, I show how they talk to their children regardless which sex they have. Further, I look at variations of speech to female and male children. Secondly, I concentrate on aspects of fathers language and behaviour towards their children by showing similarities and differences. Third, I give attention to mothers. I consider both general speech towards children without regard to their gender and differentiation between male and female children. To conclude, I demonstrate how children react to their parents. I consider if they have a gender-typed speech towards their parents.
Author: Susan Golombok Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521408622 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
Gender Development is the first book to examine gender from a truly developmental perspective and fills a real need for a textbook and source book for college and graduate students, parents, teachers, researchers, and counsellors. It examines the processes involved in the development of gender, addressing such sensitive and complex questions as what causes males and females to be different and why they behave in different ways. The authors provide an up-to-date, integrative review of theory and research, tracing gender development from the moment of conception through adulthood and emphasising the complex interaction of biology, socialisation, and cognition. The topics covered include hormonal influences, moral development, play and friendships, experiences at school and work, and psychopathology.
Author: Hillary Paul Halpern
Author: Hillary Paul Halpern
Author: W. Bradford Wilcox
Author: Patrick Leman
Author: Erica S. Weisgram
Author: Janet T. Spence
Author: Anneka Linsey Dawson
Author: Laurie Frankel
Author: Janet T. Spence
Author: Kerstin Engelmann
Author: Susan Golombok