P4-20-02 - Plasma Riboflavin Concentration as Novel Indicator for Vitamin-B2 Status Assessment: Suggested Cutoffs and Its Association with Vitamin-B6 Status in Women PDF Download
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Author: Yvonne Lamers Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Riboflavin (vitamin B2), as the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin dinucleotide (FAD), is essential for oxidation-reduction reactions and energy metabolism. Riboflavin also interacts with vitamin B12, B6 and folate in one-carbon metabolism, and is required for the conversion of dietary vitamin B6 forms to the coenzyme pyridoxal 5u2019-phosphate (PLP). Biochemical riboflavin status is rarely measured given the lack of convenient and accessible biomarkers. The current gold-standard marker is erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRac) that involves laborious sample processing. High prevalence of riboflavin deficiency (EGRac u22651.4) and suboptimal status (EGRac of 1.3-1.39) have been reported in the UK and Ireland; yet the functional significance is unclear. Plasma riboflavin concentration may serve as an alternative indicator; its association with related metabolites has not yet been investigated. Secondary analysis was conducted to derive a reference interval for plasma riboflavin, to determine the change-point of plasma riboflavin with EGRac, and to determine the association of riboflavin status with plasma PLP, using data of 223 older adult women from a cross-sectional study. Fasting blood samples and sociodemographic, anthropometric and dietary data were available for a convenience sample of 223 older adult women. Plasma PLP and related metabolites were quantified using isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The median (IQR) plasma riboflavin concentration was 15.7 (11.2, 23.9); and the upper and lower limits (90%CI) of the central 95% reference interval were 6.70 (6.33, 7.79) and 64.2 (55.0, 74.6) nmol/L, respectively. The change-point (95% CI) between EGRac and plasma riboflavin occurred at plasma riboflavin concentration of 26.5 (20.5; 32.5) nmol/L (with EGRac of 1.25). Plasma PLP (geometric mean (95%CI)) was significantly lower in women with riboflavin deficiency, 54.0 (46.8, 62.2) nmol/L (n=64), and suboptimal riboflavin status, 56.1 (48.9, 64.3) nmol/L (n=48), compared to those with riboflavin adequacy, 135 (112, 161) nmol/L (n=110). Plasma PLP was positively associated with plasma riboflavin concentration after adjustment for total B6 intake, age, ethnicity, BMI, education, household income and C-reactive protein concentration [u03b2 (95% CI)=1.66 (0.38, 2.94) nmol/L; p=0.012]; a significant interaction between plasma riboflavin and total dietary B6 intake was observed (p=0.032). In conclusion, we are presenting for the first time a reference range for plasma riboflavin concentration and its change-point with EGRac in healthy women. Vitamin B6 status is strongly associated with riboflavin status; more research is needed to elucidate this relationship in a larger sample and ideally intervention study.
Author: Yvonne Lamers Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Riboflavin (vitamin B2), as the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin dinucleotide (FAD), is essential for oxidation-reduction reactions and energy metabolism. Riboflavin also interacts with vitamin B12, B6 and folate in one-carbon metabolism, and is required for the conversion of dietary vitamin B6 forms to the coenzyme pyridoxal 5u2019-phosphate (PLP). Biochemical riboflavin status is rarely measured given the lack of convenient and accessible biomarkers. The current gold-standard marker is erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRac) that involves laborious sample processing. High prevalence of riboflavin deficiency (EGRac u22651.4) and suboptimal status (EGRac of 1.3-1.39) have been reported in the UK and Ireland; yet the functional significance is unclear. Plasma riboflavin concentration may serve as an alternative indicator; its association with related metabolites has not yet been investigated. Secondary analysis was conducted to derive a reference interval for plasma riboflavin, to determine the change-point of plasma riboflavin with EGRac, and to determine the association of riboflavin status with plasma PLP, using data of 223 older adult women from a cross-sectional study. Fasting blood samples and sociodemographic, anthropometric and dietary data were available for a convenience sample of 223 older adult women. Plasma PLP and related metabolites were quantified using isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The median (IQR) plasma riboflavin concentration was 15.7 (11.2, 23.9); and the upper and lower limits (90%CI) of the central 95% reference interval were 6.70 (6.33, 7.79) and 64.2 (55.0, 74.6) nmol/L, respectively. The change-point (95% CI) between EGRac and plasma riboflavin occurred at plasma riboflavin concentration of 26.5 (20.5; 32.5) nmol/L (with EGRac of 1.25). Plasma PLP (geometric mean (95%CI)) was significantly lower in women with riboflavin deficiency, 54.0 (46.8, 62.2) nmol/L (n=64), and suboptimal riboflavin status, 56.1 (48.9, 64.3) nmol/L (n=48), compared to those with riboflavin adequacy, 135 (112, 161) nmol/L (n=110). Plasma PLP was positively associated with plasma riboflavin concentration after adjustment for total B6 intake, age, ethnicity, BMI, education, household income and C-reactive protein concentration [u03b2 (95% CI)=1.66 (0.38, 2.94) nmol/L; p=0.012]; a significant interaction between plasma riboflavin and total dietary B6 intake was observed (p=0.032). In conclusion, we are presenting for the first time a reference range for plasma riboflavin concentration and its change-point with EGRac in healthy women. Vitamin B6 status is strongly associated with riboflavin status; more research is needed to elucidate this relationship in a larger sample and ideally intervention study.
Author: Saurabh Mehta Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351058185 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 326
Book Description
The world continues to lose more than a million lives each year to the HIV epidemic, and nearly two million individuals were infected with HIV in 2017 alone. The new Sustainable Development Goals, adopted by countries of the United Nations in September 2015, include a commitment to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. Considerable emphasis on prevention of new infections and treatment of those living with HIV will be needed to make this goal achievable. With nearly 37 million people now living with HIV, it is a communicable disease that behaves like a noncommunicable disease. Nutritional management is integral to comprehensive HIV care and treatment. Improved nutritional status and weight gain can increase recovery and strength of individuals living with HIV/AIDS, improve dietary diversity and caloric intake, and improve quality of life. This book highlights evidence-based research linking nutrition and HIV and identifies research gaps to inform the development of guidelines and policies for the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. A comprehensive approach that includes nutritional interventions is likely to maximize the benefit of antiretroviral therapy in preventing HIV disease progression and other adverse outcomes in HIV-infected men and women. Modification of nutritional status has been shown to enhance the quality of life of those suffering HIV/AIDS, both physically in terms of improved body mass index and immunological markers, and psychologically, by improving symptoms of depression. While the primary focus for those infected should remain on antiretroviral treatment and increasing its availability and coverage, improvement of nutritional status plays a complementary role in the management of HIV infection.
Author: World Health Organization Publisher: World Health Organization ISBN: 9241546123 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 362
Book Description
In the past 20 years micronutrients have assumed great public health importance and a considerable amount of research has lead to increasing knowledge of their physiological role. Because it is a rapidly developing field, the WHO and FAO convened an Expert Consultation to evaluate the current state of knowledge. It had three main tasks: to review the full scope of vitamin and minerals requirements; to draft and adopt a report which would provide recommended nutrient intakes for vitamins A, C, D, E, and K; the B vitamins; calcium; iron; magnesium; zinc; selenium; and iodine; to identify key issues for future research and make preliminary recommendations for the handbook. This report contains the outcome of the Consultation, combined with up-to-date evidence that has since become available.
Author: Richard Hurrell Publisher: WHO ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
This publication contains practical guidance on the design, implementation and evaluation of appropriate food fortification programmes. They are designed primarily for use by nutrition-related public health programme managers, but should also be useful to all those working to control micronutrient malnutrition, including the food industry.The guidelines are written from a nutrition and public health perspective, and topics discussed include: the concept of food fortification as a potential strategy for the control of micronutrient malnutrition; the prevalence, causes, and consequences of micronutrient deficiencies, and the public health benefits of micronutrient malnutrition control; technical information on the various chemical forms of micronutrients that can be used to fortify foods; regulation and international harmonisation, communication, advocacy, consumer marketing and public education.
Author: Maeve Kerr Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Relationship of obesity with B vitamin status: analysis of NDNS data from UK women of reproductive age Kerr M.A1, Livingstone M.B.E1, Ward M1, McAnena L1, Cox L2, Price R.K1, Pentieva K1 and McNulty H11 Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University Northern Ireland2 Medical Research Council, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge UKPre-pregnancy obesity is associated with a 2-fold increased risk of Neural Tube Defects (NTD), an effect not explained by lower dietary folate intake, or non-use of folic acid supplements (as recommended globally to women before and in early pregnancy for NTD prevention). While the exact mechanism linking NTD and obesity is poorly understood, it is possible that a compromised status or metabolism of folate and/or of the closely related micronutrients (vitamin B12, B6 and riboflavin) may be involved. To date however, this hypothesis has not been adequately explored. This study therefore aimed to investigate the relationship of obesity with folate and related B vitamin biomarkers in a representative cohort of non-pregnant UK women of reproductive age. Data were accessed from the most recent UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS; Years 7-8; 2015-16), a rolling cross-sectional survey designed to gather information from a representative sample of the UK population on nutrient intakes, food consumption and nutritional status. Data for women aged 16-45 years (non B vitamin supplement users; n 602), were extracted on: anthropometry (height, weight, body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]), dietary intakes of B vitamins and biomarkers for folate (serum and red blood cell (RBC) folate), vitamin B12 (total serum B12 and serum holotranscobalamin [holoTC]), vitamin B6 (plasma pyridoxal-5-phosphate [PLP]) and riboflavin (erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient [EGRac]). Prevalence of overweight and obesity (i.e. BMI: 25-30kg/m2 and >30kg/m2) was 30% and 22% respectively, whilst abdominal obesity (i.e. WC >88cm) was present in 34% of the women. No significant correlations were observed between either BMI or WC and biomarker status of folate (RBC and serum folate), vitamin B12 (total serum B12 and serum holoTC) or riboflavin (EGRac). However vitamin B6 status (PLP concentration) was negatively correlated with both BMI and WC (r -0.272, P 0.002 and r-0.362; P 0.029, respectively). No significant differences were observed between lean and obese women in biomarker status of folate (RBC* and serum folate*), vitamin B12 (total serum B12 and serum HoloTC*) or riboflavin (EGRac). However Vitamin B6 status was significantly lower among the obese women compared with the lean women (37.9nol.L v 30.6nmol/L; P 0.017). No differences in B vitamin dietary intake were observed by categories of abdominal obesity. Abdominal obesity may be a risk factor for low status of vitamin B6, independently of dietary intake. Based on these preliminary findings, the current research cannot confirm the relationship of folate or vitamin B12 with obesity, however further analysis is required.*Analysis is preliminary as biomarker data are currently incomplete.
Author: K. Robinson Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780792362487 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 480
Book Description
This state-of-the-art review provides an in-depth and critical summary of homocysteine from its molecular basis to clinical relevance and current clinical trials of folic acid and vitamin B6. Written by leading workers in the field, the book provides an authoritative, comprehensive and thoroughly up-to-date overview for scientists and clinicians and any others engaged in the field. It will also be useful to anyone involved in managing vascular patients or cardiac risk factors, as well as biochemists, pharmacologists, general physicians, cardiologists and clinical and basic researchers with an interest in preventive medicine.
Author: Nordic Council of Ministers Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers ISBN: 9289326719 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 544
Book Description
The Nordic countries have collaborated in setting guidelines for dietary composition and recommended intakes of nutrients for several decades through the joint publication of the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR). This 5th edition, the NNR 2012, gives Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) for nutrients, and compared with earlier editions more emphasis has been put on evaluating the scientific evidence for the role of food and food patterns contributing to the prevention of the major diet-related chronic diseases. Recommendations on physical activity are included and interaction with physical activity has been taken into account for the individual nutrient recommendations wherever appropriate. A chapter on sustainable food consumption has been added. A Nordic perspective has been accounted for in setting the reference values.The NNR 2012 has used an evidence-based and transparent approach in assessing associations between nutrients and foods and certain health outcomes. Systematic reviews form the basis for the recommendations of several nutrients and topics, while a less stringent update has been done for others. The systematic reviews and individual chapters have been peer reviewed and the systematic reviews are published in the Food & Nutrition Research journal. The draft chapters were subject to an open public consultation. Recommendations have been changed only when sufficient scientific evidence has evolved since the 4th edition. The primary aim of the NNR 2012 is to present the scientific background of the recommendations and their application. A secondary aim is for the NNR 2012 to function as a basis for the national recommendations that are adopted by the individual
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309039940 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 765
Book Description
Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.
Author: Harriet V. Kuhnlein Publisher: Fao ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 396
Book Description
Today, globalisation and homogenisation have replaced local food cultures. The 12 case studies presented in this book show the wealth of knowledge in indigenous communities in diverse ecosystems, the richness of their food resources, the inherent strengths of the local traditional food systems, how people think about and use these foods, the influx of industrial and purchased food, and the circumstances of the nutrition transition in indigenous communities. The unique styles of conceptualising food systems and writing about them were preserved. Photographs and tables accompany each chapter.
Author: Yvonne Lamers
Author: Yvonne Lamers
Author: Saurabh Mehta
Author: World Health Organization
Author: Richard Hurrell
Author: Maeve Kerr
Author: K. Robinson
Author: Nordic Council of Ministers
Author: National Research Council
Author: Harriet V. Kuhnlein
Author: F L A M I N I O FIDANZA