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Author: Reznick Publisher: Birkhäuser ISBN: 3034889585 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 344
Book Description
Skeletal muscle consumes significant amounts of oxygen, and its oxygen flux increases significantly under conditions of exercise and muscle contraction. This makes the muscle vulnerable to oxidative stress since concomitantly with the increase of oxygen flow there is an increase of free oxygen radicals which are a byproduct of muscle respiration. A number of studies in the last decade have documented the involvement of free oxygen radicals in exercising muscles. The consequences of muscle oxidative stress have resulted mainly in increased muscle protein oxidation, elevation of lipid peroxidation, and depletion of muscle antioxidants. The mechanisms of this oxidative stress are under extensive investigation in laboratories around the world and are topics of the chapters in this volume. This book is intended for professionals who are interested in muscle function, physiology, pathophysiology and well-being, such as therapists, trainers and medical professionals as well as for researchers in the field of muscle physiology.
Author: Reznick Publisher: Birkhäuser ISBN: 3034889585 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 344
Book Description
Skeletal muscle consumes significant amounts of oxygen, and its oxygen flux increases significantly under conditions of exercise and muscle contraction. This makes the muscle vulnerable to oxidative stress since concomitantly with the increase of oxygen flow there is an increase of free oxygen radicals which are a byproduct of muscle respiration. A number of studies in the last decade have documented the involvement of free oxygen radicals in exercising muscles. The consequences of muscle oxidative stress have resulted mainly in increased muscle protein oxidation, elevation of lipid peroxidation, and depletion of muscle antioxidants. The mechanisms of this oxidative stress are under extensive investigation in laboratories around the world and are topics of the chapters in this volume. This book is intended for professionals who are interested in muscle function, physiology, pathophysiology and well-being, such as therapists, trainers and medical professionals as well as for researchers in the field of muscle physiology.
Author: Donald Armstrong Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118832485 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 610
Book Description
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection: The Science of Free Radical Biology and Disease Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection begins with a historical perspective of pioneers in oxidative stress with an introductory section that explains the basic principles related to oxidative stress in biochemistry and molecular biology, demonstrating both pathways and biomarkers. This section also covers diagnostic imaging and differential diagnostics. The following section covers psychological, physiologic, pharmacologic and pathologic correlates. This section addresses inheritance, gender, nutrition, obesity, family history, behavior modification, natural herbal-botanical products, and supplementation in the treatment of disease. Clinical trials are also summarized for major medical disorders and efficacy of treatment, with particular focus on inflammation, immune response, recycling, disease progression, outcomes and interventions. Each of the chapters describes what biomarker(s) and physiological functions may be relevant to a concept of specific disease and potential alternative therapy. The chapters cover medical terminology, developmental change, effects of aging, senescence, lifespan, and wound healing, and also illustrates cross-over exposure to other fields. The final chapter covers how and when to interpret appropriate data used in entry level biostatistics and epidemiology. Authored and edited by leaders in the field, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection will be an invaluable resource for students and researchers studying cell biology, molecular biology, and biochemistry, as well professionals in various health science fields.
Author: Helaine M. Alessio Publisher: Imperial College Press ISBN: 1860949126 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 185
Book Description
This book brings together some of the leading researchers in the actively investigated field of oxidative stress, an area of study which is of importance to human health and disease. It examines oxidative stress in a variety of models, at rest and after exercise, in young and old. Key concepts of oxidative stress, exercise and aging are presented in clear and easy-to-understand terms. Oxidative stress in different types of exercises OCo isometric, isotonic and sports OCo is explained in detail, with several chapters focusing on acute and chronic adaptations of skeletal muscles following both aerobic and non-aerobic exercises. The book includes current knowledge of the underlying mechanisms influencing health and disease processes associated with oxidative stress. Contents: Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidants (D C Close & A E Hagerman); Oxidative Stress in Plants and Animals (D C Close & A E Hagerman); The Exercise Continuum (R L Wiley); Oxidative Stress and Muscle Size, Type, and Action (H M Alessio); Oxidative Stress Across the Exercise Continuum (H M Alessio); Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense: Effects of Aging and Exercise (L L Ji); Muscle, Oxidative Stress and Aging (J S Moylan et al.); Aging, Exercise, Antioxidants, and Cardioprotection (J Quindry & S Powers); Genetic Expressions: Oxidative Stress, Exercise, and Aging (N B Schweitzer & H M Alessio). Readership: Academics, researchers, upper undergraduate and graduate students in biochemistry, biological chemistry, physiology, gerontology, and cell & molecular biology; companies that develop and market products for sports, health, antioxidants and anti-aging interventions."
Author: Michael Breitenbach Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400725612 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 373
Book Description
This volume includes contributions by the leading experts in the field of yeast aging. Budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and other fungal organisms provide models for aging research that are relevant to organismic aging and to the aging processes occurring in the human body. Replicative aging, in which only the mother cell ages while the daughter cell resets the clock to zero is a model for the aging of stem cell populations in humans, while chronological aging (measured by survival in stationary phase) is a model for the aging processes in postmitotic cells (for instance, neurons of the brain). Most mechanisms of aging are studied in yeast. Among them, this book discusses: mitochondrial theories of aging, emphasizing oxidative stress and retrograde responses; the role of autophagy and mitophagy; the relationship of apoptosis to aging processes; the role of asymmetric segregation of damage in replicative aging; the role of replication stress; and the role of the cytoskeleton in aging. Modern methods of yeast genetics and genomics are described that can be used to search for aging-specific functions in a genome-wide unbiased fashion. The similarities in the pathology of senescence (studied in yeast) and of cancer cells, including genome instability, are examined.
Author: James N. Cobley Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000557324 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 242
Book Description
Oxidative Eustress in Exercise Physiology unravels key physiological responses and adaptations to different redox-regulated exercise paradigms at the cell, tissue, and whole-body level in model systems and humans in health and disease. While the mechanistic details are still unclear, key intracellular redox indices seem to be dysregulated with age. Consequently, beneficial molecular responses to acute endurance exercise decline in older individuals. Recent research suggests that manipulating mitochondrial redox homeostasis by supplementing with the mitochondria-targeted coenzyme Q10 for six weeks markedly improves physical function in older adults; i.e. it may be possible to maximise the benefits of exercise by manipulating the redox environment. The research described in this book suggests that significant translational potential exists with respect to cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration and cancer. An international team of researchers documents the importance of redox biology in health and disease, especially when exercise is a clinically useful tool for the treatment of many diseases and conditions. Features Defines essential redox biology reactions and concepts in exercise physiology Assesses key redox parameters in an in vivo human exercise context Identifies the challenges, opportunities and boundaries of current knowledge Includes a critique of the underlying mechanisms Summarises examples of translationally important research relating to disease states Related Titles Draper, N. & H. Marshall. Exercise Physiology for Health and Sports Performance (ISBN 978-0-2737-7872-1) Wackerhage, H., ed. Molecular Exercise Physiology: An Introduction (ISBN 978-0-4156-0788-9)
Author: Manfred Lamprecht Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1466567570 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
The use of antioxidants in sports is controversial due to existing evidence that they both support and hinder athletic performance. Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition covers antioxidant use in the athlete ́s basic nutrition and discusses the controversies surrounding the usefulness of antioxidant supplementation. The book also stresses how antioxidants may affect immunity, health, and exercise performance. The book contains scientifically based chapters explaining the basic mechanisms of exercise-induced oxidative damage. Also covered are methodological approaches to assess the effectiveness of antioxidant treatment. Biomarkers are discussed as a method to estimate the bioefficacy of dietary/supplemental antioxidants in sports. This book is useful for sport nutrition scientists, physicians, exercise physiologists, product developers, sport practitioners, coaches, top athletes, and recreational athletes. In it, they will find objective information and practical guidance.
Author: Brian McDonagh Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889451968 Category : Electronic book Languages : en Pages : 103
Book Description
Skeletal muscle represents the largest organ of the human body and comprises about 40% of total body mass in humans. Even in people who ‘age well’, there is a noticeable loss of muscle strength and function that accelerates dramatically after the age of 60, a major factor in the reduction in life quality for the aging population. One of the most effective interventions to maintain muscle mass and function is through exercise. Skeletal muscle generates reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen (ROS/RNS) species in response to muscle contractions. The concentration and species of ROS/RNS generated can depend on the age and fitness of the individual, muscle fibre type and the intensity of the muscle contractions. ROS/RNS generate unique signaling cascades that are not only essential in skeletal muscle contraction and adaptation but also play a role in a wide array of cell processes including cell proliferation, protein synthesis/degradation, immune response and antioxidant defense. ROS/RNS generated by contractions are involved in a co-ordinated local response that is tightly controlled at all levels from generation to detoxification. This collection of original articles and reviews highlights investigations that measure different aspects of the redox response of skeletal muscle to aging and exercise.
Author: Dipak K. Das Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780792384069 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
Stress reaction is likely to play a crucial role in a variety of degenerative diseases including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The process of stress adaptation may appear to be simple, but in reality this is a very complex process and we are only beginning to understand the mechanism of adaptation. In January, 1998, scientists from around the world assembled to discuss the potential applicability of the concept of stress adaptation in the clinical arena. This volume contains original research papers presented on this subject during the conference Stress Adaptation, Prophylaxis and Treatment held in Calcutta, India, and serves as an up-to-date source of information for scientists, as well as clinicians interested in applying the concept of stress adaptation to the cure of diseases.
Author: Sivakumar Joghi Thatha Gowder Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 9535122002 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 330
Book Description
It is a natural phenomenon for all living organisms in the world to undergo different kinds of stress during their life span. Stress has become a common problem for human beings in this materialistic world. In this period, a publication of any material on stress will be helpful for the human society. The book Basic Principles and Clinical Significance of Oxidative Stress targets all aspects of oxidative stress, including principles, mechanisms, and clinical significance. This book covers four sections: Free Radicals and Oxidative Stress, Natural Compounds as Antioxidants, Antioxidants - Health and Disease, and Oxidative Stress and Therapy. Each of these sections is interwoven with the theoretical aspects and experimental techniques of basic and clinical sciences. This book will be a significant source to scientists, physicians, healthcare professionals, and students who are interested in exploring the effect of stress on human life.
Author: Reznick
Author: Reznick
Author: 3Island Press
Author: Donald Armstrong
Author: Helaine M. Alessio
Author: Michael Breitenbach
Author: James N. Cobley
Author: Manfred Lamprecht
Author: Brian McDonagh
Author: Dipak K. Das
Author: Sivakumar Joghi Thatha Gowder