Oxidation Processes in Subcritical and Supercritical Water PDF Download

Author: Ahmet Murat Gizir
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 278

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Author: A.M. Shanableh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Suresh C. Ameta
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128105259
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 430

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Book Description
Advanced Oxidation Processes for Waste Water Treatment: Emerging Green Chemical Technology is a complete resource covering the fundamentals and applications of all Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs). This book presents the most up-to-date research on AOPs and makes the argument that AOPs offer an eco-friendly method of wastewater treatment. In addition to an overview of the fundamentals and applications, it details the reactive species involved, along with sections on reactor designs, thus helping readers understand and implement these methods. - Presents in-depth coverage of all types of Advanced Oxidation Processes, including Super Critical Water Oxidation, Photo-Fenton and Like Processes - Includes a fundamental review, applications, reactive species and reactor designs - Reviews applications across waste types, including industrial waste, domestic and municipal sewage, and hospital wastes

Author: Gerd Brunner
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444594183
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 683

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Book Description
Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water Processes presents an overview on the properties and applications of water at elevated temperatures and pressures. It combines fundamentals with production process aspects. Water is an extraordinary substance. At elevated temperatures (and pressures) its properties change dramatically due to the modifications of the molecular structure of bulk water that varies from a stable three-dimensional network, formed by hydrogen bonds at low and moderate temperatures, to an assembly of separated polar water molecules at high and supercritical temperatures. With varying pressure and temperature, water is turned from a solvent for ionic species to a solvent for polar and non-polar substances. This variability and an enhanced reactivity of water have led to many practical applications and to even more research activities, related to such areas as energy transfer, extraction of functional molecules, unique chemical reactions, biomass conversion and fuel materials processing, destruction of dangerous compounds and recycling of useful ones, growth of monolithic crystals, and preparation of metallic nanoparticles. This book provides an introduction into the wide range of activities that are possible in aqueous mixtures. It is organized to facilitate understanding of the main features, outlines the main applications, and gives access to further information - Summarizes fundamental properties of water for engineering applications - Compares process and reactor designs - Evaluates processes from thermodynamic, economic, and social impact viewpoints

Author: Shuzhong Wang
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811393265
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 352

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This book systematically presents the technical aspects of supercritical water oxidation and supercritical water gasification for energy and environmental applications, which include reactor design, construction materials, corrosion, salt precipitation, etc. The book provides a comprehensive introduction to the properties of supercritical water, and the industrial applications, reaction mechanisms and reaction kinetics of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) and supercritical water gasification (SCWG). The reactions occurring in supercritical water are complex, and studying their reaction mechanisms is of great importance for the development of supercritical water processing technologies. Accordingly, the book explains the oxidative mechanisms and kinetics of organic matter in supercritical water in detail. However, the harsh reaction conditions in supercritical water can easily create severe reactor corrosion and salt deposition problems. Therefore, the book also comprehensively reports on the mechanism analysis, state of research, and development trends regarding these two problems. Lastly, the book summarizes the development of supercritical water processing technologies, including studies on SCWO and SCWG, as well as near-zero-emission systems of pollutants based on SCWO technology. In short, the book provides a wealth of valuable information for all readers who are interested in using SCWO for organic waste treatment, and in using SCWG for hydrogen production with wet biomass.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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The goal of this project was to study the kinetics of fundamental free radical and ionic reactions in supercritical water (SCW). The first finding is that true diffusion controlled reactions are not impeded or enhanced by density inhomogeneities. This is based on a study of anthracene triplet-triplet annihilation in SCW at temperatures to 450 deg C.A second finding, based on a study of the reaction of xanthenium cations with amylamine, is that the rates of ion-neutral reactions in subcritical water follow simple Arrhenius behavior and can be easily extrapolated from ambient temperature measurements. The third finding is that the rate of hydroxyl radical addition to an aromatic ring in subcritical and supercritical water is well below the diffusion controlled limit and it is decidedly non-Arrhenius, with a rapid increase at temperatures above 300 deg C. This was determined by a pulse radiolysis study of the addition of hydroxyl radical to nitrobenzene at 250 bar and temperatures between 25 deg C and 390 deg C. We have been able to model this unusual behavior with a three-step mechanism that successfully predicts the rapid increase in the rate at supercritical temperatures. These studies provide fundamental kinetics upon which one can base modeling of supercritical water oxidation processes with elementary reactions.

Author: Chanin Tongdhamachart
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sewage
Languages : en
Pages : 186

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Author: Željko Knez
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303134636X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 262

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Book Description
This book describes cutting edge technology using supercritical fluids for the production of foodstuffs, medicals, and polymers. It illustrates the importance and use of basic data for design and operation at industrial scale units. The book's authors have several decades of experience of applied research on how to develop large scale industrial units. It provides readers complete insight in design and operation of industrial high pressure process plants. The book is written so it may be understood for people (with?) little or no background on high pressure process technology. It will provide information on how some foodstuffs, medicals, polymers are produced using high pressure technologies. The book demonstrates the importance of fundamental data, how to measure them and how to apply them to design industrial plants. At the same time, it also serves as a textbook for students.

Author: Vladimir Anikeev
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0444626972
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 285

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Book Description
Supercritical Fluid Technology for Energy and Environmental Applications covers the fundamental principles involved in the preparation and characterization of supercritical fluids (SCFs) used in the energy production and other environmental applications. Energy production from diversified resources — including renewable materials — using clean processes can be accomplished using technologies like SCFs. This book is focused on critical issues scientists and engineers face in applying SCFs to energy production and environmental protection, the innovative solutions they have found, and the challenges they need to overcome. The book also covers the basics of sub- and supercritical fluids, like the thermodynamics of phase and chemical equilibria, mathematical modeling, and process calculations.A supercritical fluid is any substance at a temperature and pressure above its critical point where distinct liquid and gas phases do not exist. At this state the compound demonstrates unique properties, which can be "fine-tuned," making them suitable as organic solvents in a range of industrial and laboratory processes.This volume enables readers to select the most appropriate medium for a specific situation. It helps instructors prepare course material for graduate and postgraduate courses in the area of chemistry, chemical engineering, and environmental engineering. And it helps professional engineers learn supercritical fluid-based technologies and use them in solving the increasingly challenging environmental issues. - Relates theory, chemical characteristics, and properties of the particular supercritical fluid to its various applications - Covers the fundamentals of supercritical fluids, like thermodynamics of phase and chemical equilibria, mathematical modeling, and process calculations - Includes the most recent applications of supercritical fluids, including energy generation, materials synthesis, and environmental protection

Author: Sandeep Kumar
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351618288
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 164

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Book Description
Sub- and Supercritical Hydrothermal Technology: Industrial Applications offers a practical view of a variety of industrial applications and their challenges, offering a deep understanding of the application of sub- and supercritical fluids and their techno-economic viability. This book covers a wide range of applications of hydrothermal processing that result in almost zero waste, high energy efficiency, sustainable chemical processes, and minimal impact over the life cycle. These applications include processing of hazardous waste, bioproducts, coal, lipids, heavy oil and bitumen, and carbon materials. The use of hot-compressed water instead of different organic solvents, such as methanol, acetone, and hexane, is an environmentally benign, green, and sustainable option which can help to design chemical processes that support green chemistry and engineering. This book is pertinent for researchers and professionals in the fields of chemical engineering, industrial chemistry, environmental engineering, materials engineering, and manufacturing.