Author: Theodore Eliades
Publisher: Thieme
ISBN: 3132004111
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 345
Book Description
Orthodontic Postgraduate Education: A Global Perspective Orthodontic Postgraduate Education: A Global Perspective is the first book of its kind to report on the global educational environment in orthodontics and review the structure and function of postgraduate orthodontic programs in different parts of the world. It begins with an overview of the history and current state of orthodontic education, and then describes the academic, clinical, and research components of orthodontic specialty programs in Europe, North America, Asia, the Middle East, and Oceania. The book also provides useful facts about the organizational aspects of orthodontic board examinations. Highlights: Presents key details on the curricula of postgraduate orthodontic programs around the world, allowing for direct comparison of various programs Includes updated guidelines on accreditation criteria for international, national, and regional professional organizations and scientific societies Lists all major objectives for postgraduate orthodontic education and orthodontic specialty recognition Addresses the educational roles of new technologies, professional development, scientific journals, and research in postgraduate orthodontic education Features a self-assessment guide for internal evaluation based on previous published work Offers a true global perspective with chapters authored by a multinational team of leading experts This book contains a wealth of valuable information for any dental student considering application to a postgraduate orthodontic program. It is also a thorough and up-to-date resource for orthodontic faculty, researchers, and organizations seeking knowledge on the policies and trends in contemporary orthodontic education.
Orthodontic Postgraduate Education: A Global Perspective
Author: Theodore Eliades
Publisher: Thieme
ISBN: 3132004111
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 345
Book Description
Orthodontic Postgraduate Education: A Global Perspective Orthodontic Postgraduate Education: A Global Perspective is the first book of its kind to report on the global educational environment in orthodontics and review the structure and function of postgraduate orthodontic programs in different parts of the world. It begins with an overview of the history and current state of orthodontic education, and then describes the academic, clinical, and research components of orthodontic specialty programs in Europe, North America, Asia, the Middle East, and Oceania. The book also provides useful facts about the organizational aspects of orthodontic board examinations. Highlights: Presents key details on the curricula of postgraduate orthodontic programs around the world, allowing for direct comparison of various programs Includes updated guidelines on accreditation criteria for international, national, and regional professional organizations and scientific societies Lists all major objectives for postgraduate orthodontic education and orthodontic specialty recognition Addresses the educational roles of new technologies, professional development, scientific journals, and research in postgraduate orthodontic education Features a self-assessment guide for internal evaluation based on previous published work Offers a true global perspective with chapters authored by a multinational team of leading experts This book contains a wealth of valuable information for any dental student considering application to a postgraduate orthodontic program. It is also a thorough and up-to-date resource for orthodontic faculty, researchers, and organizations seeking knowledge on the policies and trends in contemporary orthodontic education.
Publisher: Thieme
ISBN: 3132004111
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 345
Book Description
Orthodontic Postgraduate Education: A Global Perspective Orthodontic Postgraduate Education: A Global Perspective is the first book of its kind to report on the global educational environment in orthodontics and review the structure and function of postgraduate orthodontic programs in different parts of the world. It begins with an overview of the history and current state of orthodontic education, and then describes the academic, clinical, and research components of orthodontic specialty programs in Europe, North America, Asia, the Middle East, and Oceania. The book also provides useful facts about the organizational aspects of orthodontic board examinations. Highlights: Presents key details on the curricula of postgraduate orthodontic programs around the world, allowing for direct comparison of various programs Includes updated guidelines on accreditation criteria for international, national, and regional professional organizations and scientific societies Lists all major objectives for postgraduate orthodontic education and orthodontic specialty recognition Addresses the educational roles of new technologies, professional development, scientific journals, and research in postgraduate orthodontic education Features a self-assessment guide for internal evaluation based on previous published work Offers a true global perspective with chapters authored by a multinational team of leading experts This book contains a wealth of valuable information for any dental student considering application to a postgraduate orthodontic program. It is also a thorough and up-to-date resource for orthodontic faculty, researchers, and organizations seeking knowledge on the policies and trends in contemporary orthodontic education.
Orthodontics: Diagnosis and Management of Malocclusion and Dentofacial Deformities, E-Book
Author: Om Prakash Kharbanda
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 8131249360
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1402
Book Description
The second edition is expanded and rejuvenated with a greater focus on PG students, orthodontic educators, UG students and practitioners. The book covers entire panorama of science and clinical practice of orthodontics, from basics to clinical, presented in 58 chapters organised in 15 sections. The information is provided in-depth, literature supported, complimented with real life scenarios and case reports. A special effort has been made to include structured information on subjects of relevance which are much talked about but found only in journals. - Contains a balanced blend of texts, graphics, boxes and clinical case reports encountered in clinical practice - A comprehensive coverage of cephalometric radiology, ethnic norms and advances in three-dimensional imaging - A detailed step by step approach to orthodontic treatment with contemporary fixed appliances, from diagnosis to finishing - Provides an up-to-date information on topics of day-to-day relevance such as epidemiology of malocclusion and orthodontic indices, psychological aspects of orthodontics, debonding, care and maintenance of occlusion after orthodontic treatment - Presents updated information on temporary anchorage devices (TAD), impacted and transposed teeth, inter-disciplinary treatment, management of cleft lip and palate and orthognathic surgery - Emerging fields such as surgically facilitated rapid tooth movement, distraction osteogenesis and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are included with up-to-date clinically relevant information - Includes Companion Website containing procedural videos - Historical aspects of orthodontics and Development of teeth, dentition and occlusion - A whole new section on emerging 3D Digital technologies and their application - Orthodontic instruments, armamentarium and operatory design - Comprehensive chapters on Tweed philosophy, contemporary pre-adjusted appliance and self-ligation system - Evidence-based Orthodontics - Autotransplantation of teeth - A section on the asymmetry of occlusion and face Additional Features - Complimentary access to full e-book - Eight online chapters - Twelve videos - Exhaustive list of references
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 8131249360
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1402
Book Description
The second edition is expanded and rejuvenated with a greater focus on PG students, orthodontic educators, UG students and practitioners. The book covers entire panorama of science and clinical practice of orthodontics, from basics to clinical, presented in 58 chapters organised in 15 sections. The information is provided in-depth, literature supported, complimented with real life scenarios and case reports. A special effort has been made to include structured information on subjects of relevance which are much talked about but found only in journals. - Contains a balanced blend of texts, graphics, boxes and clinical case reports encountered in clinical practice - A comprehensive coverage of cephalometric radiology, ethnic norms and advances in three-dimensional imaging - A detailed step by step approach to orthodontic treatment with contemporary fixed appliances, from diagnosis to finishing - Provides an up-to-date information on topics of day-to-day relevance such as epidemiology of malocclusion and orthodontic indices, psychological aspects of orthodontics, debonding, care and maintenance of occlusion after orthodontic treatment - Presents updated information on temporary anchorage devices (TAD), impacted and transposed teeth, inter-disciplinary treatment, management of cleft lip and palate and orthognathic surgery - Emerging fields such as surgically facilitated rapid tooth movement, distraction osteogenesis and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are included with up-to-date clinically relevant information - Includes Companion Website containing procedural videos - Historical aspects of orthodontics and Development of teeth, dentition and occlusion - A whole new section on emerging 3D Digital technologies and their application - Orthodontic instruments, armamentarium and operatory design - Comprehensive chapters on Tweed philosophy, contemporary pre-adjusted appliance and self-ligation system - Evidence-based Orthodontics - Autotransplantation of teeth - A section on the asymmetry of occlusion and face Additional Features - Complimentary access to full e-book - Eight online chapters - Twelve videos - Exhaustive list of references
Teaching, Learning, and Leading With Computer Simulations
Author: Qian, Yufeng
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799800067
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 358
Book Description
Computer simulation, a powerful technological tool and research-proven pedagogical technique, holds great potential to enhance and transform teaching and learning in education and is therefore a viable tool to engage students in deep learning and higher-order thinking. With the advancement of simulation technology (e.g., virtual reality, artificial intelligence, machine learning) and the expanded disciplines where computer simulation is being used (e.g., data science, cyber security), computer simulation is playing an increasingly significant role in leading the digital transformation in K-12 schools and higher education institutions, as well as training and professional development in corporations, government, and the military. Teaching, Learning, and Leading With Computer Simulations is an important compilation of research that examines the recent advancement of simulation technology and explores innovative ways to utilize advanced simulation programs for the enhancement of teaching and learning outcomes. Highlighting a range of topics such as pedagogy, immersive learning, and social sciences, this book is essential for educators, higher education institutions, deans, curriculum designers, school administrators, principals, IT specialists, academicians, researchers, policymakers, and students.
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799800067
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 358
Book Description
Computer simulation, a powerful technological tool and research-proven pedagogical technique, holds great potential to enhance and transform teaching and learning in education and is therefore a viable tool to engage students in deep learning and higher-order thinking. With the advancement of simulation technology (e.g., virtual reality, artificial intelligence, machine learning) and the expanded disciplines where computer simulation is being used (e.g., data science, cyber security), computer simulation is playing an increasingly significant role in leading the digital transformation in K-12 schools and higher education institutions, as well as training and professional development in corporations, government, and the military. Teaching, Learning, and Leading With Computer Simulations is an important compilation of research that examines the recent advancement of simulation technology and explores innovative ways to utilize advanced simulation programs for the enhancement of teaching and learning outcomes. Highlighting a range of topics such as pedagogy, immersive learning, and social sciences, this book is essential for educators, higher education institutions, deans, curriculum designers, school administrators, principals, IT specialists, academicians, researchers, policymakers, and students.
Orthodontics - E-Book
Author: Lee W. Graber
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323778607
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1348
Book Description
**Selected for Doody's Core Titles® 2024 in Dentistry** Comprehensive, cutting-edge content addresses contemporary orthodontic practice! Orthodontics: Current Principles and Techniques, 7th Edition provides an evidence-based approach to orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and clinical techniques, including esthetics, genetics, temporary anchorage devices, aligners, technology-assisted biomechanics, and much more. New to this edition are seven chapters, covering topics like AI, maxillary expansion in adults, Class II correctors, and autotransplantation. Newly authored chapters on orthognathic surgery and the craniofacial team, the periodontal-orthodontic interface, interdisciplinary treatment, and accelerated tooth movement, among others, address current perspectives. The 7th edition comes with access to an enhanced eBook version, which includes videos and additional visuals to show concepts difficult to explain with words alone. Readers can also find additional, online-only chapters and a fully searchable version of the text. Respected editors Lee Graber, Katherine Vig, and Greg Huang are joined by new editor Pádhraig Fleming, along with expert contributors from around the world. This text provides the most current and comprehensive collection of orthodontic knowledge, making it the go-to book for orthodontic residents and practitioners! - Comprehensive coverage provides a one-stop resource for the field of orthodontics, including foundational theory and the latest on the materials and techniques used in today's practice. - Experienced, renowned editors lead a team of expert, international contributors to provide the most authoritative clinical practice and supporting science from the best and brightest in the industry. - More than 3,400 images include a mixture of radiographs, full-color clinical photos, and anatomic or schematic line drawings, showing examples of treatment, techniques, and outcomes. - Detailed, illustrated case studies show the decision-making process, highlighting the consequences of various treatment techniques over time. - Extensive references make it easy to look up the latest in orthodontic research and evidence-based information, and all references also appear online. - Enhanced ebook, included with every print purchase, features a fully searchable version of the text and bonus online-only chapters, instructional videos, and more. - NEW! Seven chapters cover topics such as AI, maxillary expansion in adults, Class II correctors, and autotransplantation. Newly authored chapters on aligners, orthognathic surgery, the periodontal-orthodontic interface, interdisciplinary and computer-assisted treatment, temporary anchorage devices, and accelerated tooth movement, among others, address current perspectives. - UPDATED! Relevant literature and evidence-based practices are featured throughout the text. - NEW! Additional photos and illustrations visually reinforce key concepts and procedures.
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323778607
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1348
Book Description
**Selected for Doody's Core Titles® 2024 in Dentistry** Comprehensive, cutting-edge content addresses contemporary orthodontic practice! Orthodontics: Current Principles and Techniques, 7th Edition provides an evidence-based approach to orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and clinical techniques, including esthetics, genetics, temporary anchorage devices, aligners, technology-assisted biomechanics, and much more. New to this edition are seven chapters, covering topics like AI, maxillary expansion in adults, Class II correctors, and autotransplantation. Newly authored chapters on orthognathic surgery and the craniofacial team, the periodontal-orthodontic interface, interdisciplinary treatment, and accelerated tooth movement, among others, address current perspectives. The 7th edition comes with access to an enhanced eBook version, which includes videos and additional visuals to show concepts difficult to explain with words alone. Readers can also find additional, online-only chapters and a fully searchable version of the text. Respected editors Lee Graber, Katherine Vig, and Greg Huang are joined by new editor Pádhraig Fleming, along with expert contributors from around the world. This text provides the most current and comprehensive collection of orthodontic knowledge, making it the go-to book for orthodontic residents and practitioners! - Comprehensive coverage provides a one-stop resource for the field of orthodontics, including foundational theory and the latest on the materials and techniques used in today's practice. - Experienced, renowned editors lead a team of expert, international contributors to provide the most authoritative clinical practice and supporting science from the best and brightest in the industry. - More than 3,400 images include a mixture of radiographs, full-color clinical photos, and anatomic or schematic line drawings, showing examples of treatment, techniques, and outcomes. - Detailed, illustrated case studies show the decision-making process, highlighting the consequences of various treatment techniques over time. - Extensive references make it easy to look up the latest in orthodontic research and evidence-based information, and all references also appear online. - Enhanced ebook, included with every print purchase, features a fully searchable version of the text and bonus online-only chapters, instructional videos, and more. - NEW! Seven chapters cover topics such as AI, maxillary expansion in adults, Class II correctors, and autotransplantation. Newly authored chapters on aligners, orthognathic surgery, the periodontal-orthodontic interface, interdisciplinary and computer-assisted treatment, temporary anchorage devices, and accelerated tooth movement, among others, address current perspectives. - UPDATED! Relevant literature and evidence-based practices are featured throughout the text. - NEW! Additional photos and illustrations visually reinforce key concepts and procedures.
Orthodontic Aligner Treatment
Author: Theodore Eliades
Publisher: Thieme
ISBN: 3132411493
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 309
Book Description
For almost 20 years, clear aligners have seen growing popularity in addressing patients' demands for orthodontic treatment that is also discreet and esthetically inconspicuous. Especially for the adult patient, these almost invisible systems are in considerable demand. Supported by solid clinical evidence, this new work introduces and discusses all the presently available thermoplastically formed products that apply a predetermined strain to the teeth and jaw, with the goal of correcting malpositioned teeth, while also being esthetically acceptable for the patient. Key Features: More than a dozen contributions by top international experts Includes the most recent guidelines on clinical management with aligners Scientific approach presents evidence from material properties research, forces generated with aligners, and treatment outcome assessments Valuable information on changes in oral microbiota, potential side effects, biocompatibility, and more Orthodontic Aligner Treatment will be welcomed by all orthodontic specialists, as well as graduate students, researchers, and clinical faculty in the field.
Publisher: Thieme
ISBN: 3132411493
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 309
Book Description
For almost 20 years, clear aligners have seen growing popularity in addressing patients' demands for orthodontic treatment that is also discreet and esthetically inconspicuous. Especially for the adult patient, these almost invisible systems are in considerable demand. Supported by solid clinical evidence, this new work introduces and discusses all the presently available thermoplastically formed products that apply a predetermined strain to the teeth and jaw, with the goal of correcting malpositioned teeth, while also being esthetically acceptable for the patient. Key Features: More than a dozen contributions by top international experts Includes the most recent guidelines on clinical management with aligners Scientific approach presents evidence from material properties research, forces generated with aligners, and treatment outcome assessments Valuable information on changes in oral microbiota, potential side effects, biocompatibility, and more Orthodontic Aligner Treatment will be welcomed by all orthodontic specialists, as well as graduate students, researchers, and clinical faculty in the field.
An Introduction to Orthodontics
Author: Laura Mitchell
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198568126
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 282
Book Description
Providing an introduction to current thinking and practice in orthodontics, this text covers all aspects of the field, including clinical practice and treatment planning.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198568126
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 282
Book Description
Providing an introduction to current thinking and practice in orthodontics, this text covers all aspects of the field, including clinical practice and treatment planning.
Mosby's Orthodontic Review - E-Book
Author: Jeryl D. English
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323186971
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 369
Book Description
With a concise, focused review of orthodontic concepts and current clinical information, including diagnosis, treatment planning, and clinical treatment, MOSBY'S ORTHODONTIC REVIEW is the resource you need to achieve the best results for success on competency examinations as well as excellent clinical outcomes. From foundational concepts to more subjective areas of treatment planning and clinical treatment, this book includes a wealth of information from distinguished educators, recent graduates, and practicing professionals to help you prepare for the NBDE, Part II and the ABO written and clinical examinations. This title includes additional digital media when purchased in print format. For this digital book edition, media content is not included. Content is designed to prepare you for the NBDE, Part II and the ABO written and clinical examinations to help you achieve the best results. Detailed illustrations provide a visual guide to conditions, techniques, diagnoses, key concepts, and more with case study photos that detail treatment from a patient’s initial exam to completion. Proven question and answer format covers the key information for each topic and helps prepare you for certification exams. NEW Appropriate Timing for Correction of Malocclusions chapter addresses craniofacial growth and development and dentitional development, helping select the proper timing of orthodontic treatment for different problems. NEWVertical Dimensions and Anterior Open Bite chapter covers the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of different types of vertical problems, with case studies varying in the cause and severity of the problems, and with individualized treatment plans based on the functional and skeletal requirements of each patient. NEW Three-Dimensional Update on Clinical Orthodontic Issues chapter addresses the key clinical issues answered with the use of digital models and cone beam CT (CBCT), which is becoming the standard for the investigation of the maxillofacial structures in all three dimensions of the space — especially in orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery. NEW editor Dr. Sercan Akyalcin brings expertise as an award-winning educator and well-respected reviewer for orthodontics journals.
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323186971
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 369
Book Description
With a concise, focused review of orthodontic concepts and current clinical information, including diagnosis, treatment planning, and clinical treatment, MOSBY'S ORTHODONTIC REVIEW is the resource you need to achieve the best results for success on competency examinations as well as excellent clinical outcomes. From foundational concepts to more subjective areas of treatment planning and clinical treatment, this book includes a wealth of information from distinguished educators, recent graduates, and practicing professionals to help you prepare for the NBDE, Part II and the ABO written and clinical examinations. This title includes additional digital media when purchased in print format. For this digital book edition, media content is not included. Content is designed to prepare you for the NBDE, Part II and the ABO written and clinical examinations to help you achieve the best results. Detailed illustrations provide a visual guide to conditions, techniques, diagnoses, key concepts, and more with case study photos that detail treatment from a patient’s initial exam to completion. Proven question and answer format covers the key information for each topic and helps prepare you for certification exams. NEW Appropriate Timing for Correction of Malocclusions chapter addresses craniofacial growth and development and dentitional development, helping select the proper timing of orthodontic treatment for different problems. NEWVertical Dimensions and Anterior Open Bite chapter covers the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of different types of vertical problems, with case studies varying in the cause and severity of the problems, and with individualized treatment plans based on the functional and skeletal requirements of each patient. NEW Three-Dimensional Update on Clinical Orthodontic Issues chapter addresses the key clinical issues answered with the use of digital models and cone beam CT (CBCT), which is becoming the standard for the investigation of the maxillofacial structures in all three dimensions of the space — especially in orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery. NEW editor Dr. Sercan Akyalcin brings expertise as an award-winning educator and well-respected reviewer for orthodontics journals.
Orthodontic Retainers and Removable Appliances
Author: Friedy Luther
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 144433008X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 202
Book Description
This book is a practical guide for both dental students and practitioners to designing, fitting and adjusting removable orthodontic appliances and retainers. The book offers step by step instructions with clear illustrations on the key areas of clinical practice. In each case, information is provided on indications for use, principles of design, fitting, activation and trouble shooting. Further chapters coach students to deal effectively with their patients and to manage the treatment plan in question.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 144433008X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 202
Book Description
This book is a practical guide for both dental students and practitioners to designing, fitting and adjusting removable orthodontic appliances and retainers. The book offers step by step instructions with clear illustrations on the key areas of clinical practice. In each case, information is provided on indications for use, principles of design, fitting, activation and trouble shooting. Further chapters coach students to deal effectively with their patients and to manage the treatment plan in question.
Online Distance Learning Course Design and Multimedia in E-Learning
Author: Lopes, Ana Paula
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799897087
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 302
Book Description
In recent years, the rampant development of worldwide communications and powerful modern technologies has reformulated the idea of distance learning and the transmission of higher education content. Combined with these new developments and the outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an apparent need for a thorough discussion on all features of e-learning. Online Distance Learning Course Design and Multimedia in E-Learning disseminates research, experiences, and philosophies surrounding innovation within higher education online teaching and learning environments. It includes case studies of relevant and fruitful applications, practical challenges, and examinations of the most recent innovations. Covering topics such as online management education, student engagement, and gamification, this book is an essential resource for academicians, researchers, educators, pre-service educators, principals, administrators, consultants, instructional designers, technologists, computer scientists, and policymakers.
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799897087
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 302
Book Description
In recent years, the rampant development of worldwide communications and powerful modern technologies has reformulated the idea of distance learning and the transmission of higher education content. Combined with these new developments and the outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an apparent need for a thorough discussion on all features of e-learning. Online Distance Learning Course Design and Multimedia in E-Learning disseminates research, experiences, and philosophies surrounding innovation within higher education online teaching and learning environments. It includes case studies of relevant and fruitful applications, practical challenges, and examinations of the most recent innovations. Covering topics such as online management education, student engagement, and gamification, this book is an essential resource for academicians, researchers, educators, pre-service educators, principals, administrators, consultants, instructional designers, technologists, computer scientists, and policymakers.
Contemporary Orthodontics, 5e
Author: William R. Proffit
Publisher: Elsevier India
ISBN: 8131232735
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 26
Book Description
Now in full color, Contemporary Orthodontics, 5th Edition is a practical resource with a long tradition of excellence. Line drawings and more than 1,000 new color images illustrate concepts more clearly than ever. This book includes detailed information on diagnosis, treatment planning concepts, related problems or controversies, and current treatment procedures, including the role of orthodontics in comprehensive treatment of patients with multiple problems. Updated material on psychosocial problems in orthodontic treatment, oral function, and the relationship between injury and dental disease. Case studies throughout the text highlight the demand for orthodontic treatment, the etiology of orthodontic problems, and treatment planning for cleft lip and palate patients.
Publisher: Elsevier India
ISBN: 8131232735
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 26
Book Description
Now in full color, Contemporary Orthodontics, 5th Edition is a practical resource with a long tradition of excellence. Line drawings and more than 1,000 new color images illustrate concepts more clearly than ever. This book includes detailed information on diagnosis, treatment planning concepts, related problems or controversies, and current treatment procedures, including the role of orthodontics in comprehensive treatment of patients with multiple problems. Updated material on psychosocial problems in orthodontic treatment, oral function, and the relationship between injury and dental disease. Case studies throughout the text highlight the demand for orthodontic treatment, the etiology of orthodontic problems, and treatment planning for cleft lip and palate patients.