Physical Chemistry of Organic Solvent Systems PDF Download
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Author: A. Covington Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468419595 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 821
Book Description
We believe this to be the first monograph devoted to the physicochemical properties of solutions in organic solvent systems. Although there have 1 been a number of books on the subject of non-aqueous solvents - 4, they have been devoted, almost entirely, to inorganic solvents such as liquid ammonia, liquid sulphur dioxide, etc. A variety of new solvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulphoxide and propylene carbonate have become commercially available over the last twenty years. Solutions in these solvents are of technological interest in connection with novel battery systems and chemical synthesis, while studies of ion solvation and transport properties have fostered academic interest. This monograph is primarily concerned with electrolytic solutions although discussion of non-electrolyte solutions has not been excluded. We have deliberately omitted consideration of the important area of solvent extraction, since this has been adequately covered elsewhere. Our contributors were asked to review and discuss their respective areas with particular reference to differences in technique necessitated by use of non-aqueous solvents while not reiterating facts well-known from experience with aqueous solutions. We have striven to build their contributions into a coherent and consistent whole. We thank our con tributors for following our suggestions so ably and for their forebearance in the face of our editorial impositions.
Author: Markus Niederberger Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1848826710 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 223
Book Description
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Organic Solvents discusses recent advances in the chemistry involved for the controlled synthesis and assembly of metal oxide nanoparticles, the characterizations required by such nanoobjects, and their size and shape depending properties. In the last few years, a valuable alternative to the well-known aqueous sol-gel processes was developed in the form of nonaqueous solution routes. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Organic Solvents reviews and compares surfactant- and solvent-controlled routes, as well as providing an overview of techniques for the characterization of metal oxide nanoparticles, crystallization pathways, the physical properties of metal oxide nanoparticles, their applications in diverse fields of technology, and their assembly into larger nano- and mesostructures. Researchers and postgraduates in the fields of nanomaterials and sol-gel chemistry will appreciate this book’s informative approach to chemical formation mechanisms in relation to metal oxides.
Author: David R. Lide Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780849304064 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 52
Book Description
Use this database to instantly locate the compound you need! This electronic database covers 564 of the most common solvents used in industry, academic research, and general commerce. These organic solvents find applications as carriers for paints, medications, cleaning agents, and a host of other active ingredients. Health hazards and safety guidelines are covered, including the limiting values for airborne exposure, carcinogenicity status, flammability, and various official hazard ratings. With this flexible and powerful electronic reference, the user can easily and quickly select a solvent that meets his or her criteria for a particular application. For example, the user can specify desired physical properties and required safety levels and get back a list of solvents that conform to all the requirements. Searches ranging from the very simple (one or two specifications) to the very complex (a large combination of requirements that must be met) are easily performed with this database. System requirements: IBM 486 or higher compatible computer with 40MB hard disk (12MB free capacity), 4MB RAM, VGA Monitor (color), MS DOS 3.3 or higher, WindowsTM 3.1 or higher or Windows 95, external or internal CD-ROM drive. (Will normally run to a lower performance standard on IBM 386 and/or less hard disk and RAM capacity than those stated above)
Author: Thomas Rustemeyer Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783642020346 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 2020
Book Description
Occupational skin diseases are a field of increasing interest in today’s dermatology. Due to rapid developments in several areas of modern industry, new dermatological problems constantly occur amongst workers. The 1st edition of this Handbook of Occupational Dermatology was published in 2000 and has served as the main reference book of occupational skin diseases for general and occupational dermatologists and occupational physicians. The new edition is completely revised, updated and extended with respect to new developments. The layout allows for both quick access to practical information and in-depth reading. Included are concise tables, algorithms and figures on how to optimize the diagnostic procedure for daily patient management and expert opinion. The new edition will continue the success as major source of reference for clinical and experimental work in the field of occupational skin diseases, both for students and experts.
Author: Paul Knochel Publisher: Springer ISBN: 354048664X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 217
Book Description
In recent years the choice of a given solvent for performing a reaction has become increasingly important. More and more, selective reagents are used for chemical transformations and the choice of the solvent may be determining for reaching high reaction rates and high selectivities. The toxicity and recycling considerations have also greatly influenced the nature of the solvents used for industrial reactions. Thus, the development of reactions in water is not only important on the laboratory scale but also for industrial applications. The p- formance of metal-catalyzed reactions in water for example has led to several new hydrogenation or hydroformylation procedures with important industrial applications. The various aspects of organic chemistry in water will be prese- ed in this book. Recently, novel reaction media such as perfluorinated solvents or supercritical carbon dioxide has proven to have unique advantages leading to more practical and more efficient reactions. Especially with perfluorinated solvents, new biphasic catalyses and novel approaches to perform organic reactions have been developed. These aspects will be examined in detail in this volume. Finally, the performance of reactions in the absence of solvents will show practical alternatives for many reactions. More than ever before, the choice of the solvent or the solvent system is ess- tial for realizing many chemical transformations with the highest efficiency. This book tries to cover the more recent and important new solvents or solvent systems for both academic and industrial applications.
Author: Mustafa Soylak Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128185708 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 482
Book Description
New Generation Green Solvents for Separation and Preconcentration of Organic and Inorganic Species is designed to help researchers and students understand the production and application of new generation green solvents in separation- and preconcentration-based analytical methods. Beginning with the historical background and milestones in the development of analytical instrumentation, the book goes on to give a detailed overview of the most up-to-date uses of green solvents in sample preparation. Using a wealth of examples, it compares old and new extraction procedures and explores the many applications of new generation green solvents. Practical, easy-to-follow experiments are used to illustrate the key concepts. This practical guide helps to promote the use of safer, more sustainable solvents in analytical chemistry and beyond for environmental scientists, researchers in pharmaceutical and biotech industries, and students in analytical chemistry. - Covers the basic analytical theory essential for understanding extraction- and microextraction-based separation and preconcentration methods - Explains combination use of new generation solvents with various detection systems, including UV-VIS, ICP-MS, HPLC, LC-MS, GC-MS, and LC-MS/MS - Emphasizes trace chemical component separation, preconcentration and analysis
Author: Xiao-Feng Wu Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 352734196X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 552
Book Description
Written by highly renowned and experienced authors, this is the only reference on the application of solvents as reagents. Clearly structured, the text describes various methods for the activation and reaction of these small molecules, highlighting the synthetic opportunities as well as process-oriented advantages. To this end, all relevant types of solvents are covered separately and emphasized with numerous synthetic examples, while taking care to explain applications so as to avoid undesired side reactions. The result is a unique resource for every synthetic chemist and reaction engineer in industry and academia working on the methodical optimization of synthetic transformations.
Author: John Leonard Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780748740710 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
The first edition of this book achieved considerable success due to its ease of use and practical approach, and to the clear writing style of the authors. The preparation of organic compounds is still central to many disciplines, from the most applied to the highly academic and, more tan ever is not limited to chemists. With an emphasis on the most up-to-date techniques commonly used in organic syntheses, this book draws on the extensive experience of the authors and their association with some of the world's mleading laboratories of synthetic organic chemistry. In this new edition, all the figures have been re-drawn to bring them up to the highest possible standard, and the text has been revised to bring it up to date. Written primarily for postgraduate, advanced undergraduate and industrial organic chemists, particularly those involved in pharmaceutical, agrochemical and other areas of fine chemical research, the book is also a source of reference for biochemists, biologists, genetic engineers, material scientists and polymer researchers.
Author: Eleanor Mullins Publisher: Nova Science Publishers ISBN: 9781536109238 Category : Organic solvents Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Green Chemistry is a philosophy that has been implemented in different areas of science. Organic solvents allow recovery of bioactive compounds without contaminating the environment, since they are non-petroleum solvents and cheap. This book focuses on the properties, applications and health effects of organic solvents. Chapter One examines the chemistry and food applications of green solvents. Chapter Two analyses the use of green solvent in the extraction of bioactive compounds. Chapter Three gives a thermochemical description of the stabilising/destabilising effect of organic solvent molecules on the stability of model enzyme (bovine pancreatic α-chymotrypsin) to elucidate what intermolecular processes produce the main effect on the stability and functioning of the enzymes at high and low water content in organic liquids. Chapter Four reviews a novel experimental method was proposed to study the stability of enzymes in water-organic mixtures. Chapter Five discusses the metrology of exposure to organic solvents in the shoe industry of Sfax, Tunisia.
Author: George Wypych Publisher: ChemTec Publishing ISBN: 1895198240 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1446
Book Description
A comprehensive, extensive textual analysis of the principles of solvent selection and use, the handbook is intended to help formulators select ideal solvents, safety coordinators to protect workers, and legislators and inspectors to define and implement technically correct public safeguards for use, handling, and disposal.
Author: A. Covington
Author: Markus Niederberger
Author: A Covington
Author: David R. Lide
Author: Thomas Rustemeyer
Author: Paul Knochel
Author: Mustafa Soylak
Author: Xiao-Feng Wu
Author: John Leonard
Author: Eleanor Mullins
Author: George Wypych