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Author: Mika Silanpää Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann ISBN: 0128017198 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 383
Book Description
Approximately 77 percent of the freshwater used in the United States comes from surface-water sources and is subject to natural organic matter contamination according to the United States Geological Survey. This presents a distinct challenge to water treatment engineers. An essential resource to the latest breakthroughs in the characterization, treatment and removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from drinking water, Natural Organic Matter in Waters: Characterization and Treatment Methods focuses on advance filtration and treatment options, and processes for reducing disinfection byproducts. Based on the author’s years of research and field experience, this book begins with the characterization of NOM including: general parameters, isolation and concentration, fractionation, composition and structural analysis and biological testing. This is followed by removal methods such as inorganic coagulants, polyelectrolytes and composite coagulants. Electrochemical and membranes removal methods such as: electrocoagulation, electrochemical oxidation, microfiltration and ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and membrane fouling. Covers conventional as well as advanced NOM removal methods Includes characterization methods of NOM Explains removal methods such as: removal by coagulation, electrochemical, advanced oxidation, and integrated methods
Author: Mika Silanpää Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann ISBN: 0128017198 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 383
Book Description
Approximately 77 percent of the freshwater used in the United States comes from surface-water sources and is subject to natural organic matter contamination according to the United States Geological Survey. This presents a distinct challenge to water treatment engineers. An essential resource to the latest breakthroughs in the characterization, treatment and removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from drinking water, Natural Organic Matter in Waters: Characterization and Treatment Methods focuses on advance filtration and treatment options, and processes for reducing disinfection byproducts. Based on the author’s years of research and field experience, this book begins with the characterization of NOM including: general parameters, isolation and concentration, fractionation, composition and structural analysis and biological testing. This is followed by removal methods such as inorganic coagulants, polyelectrolytes and composite coagulants. Electrochemical and membranes removal methods such as: electrocoagulation, electrochemical oxidation, microfiltration and ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and membrane fouling. Covers conventional as well as advanced NOM removal methods Includes characterization methods of NOM Explains removal methods such as: removal by coagulation, electrochemical, advanced oxidation, and integrated methods
Author: Thibault Datry Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128039043 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 624
Book Description
Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Ecology and Management takes an internationally broad approach, seeking to compare and contrast findings across multiple continents, climates, flow regimes, and land uses to provide a complete and integrated perspective on the ecology of these ecosystems. Coupled with this, users will find a discussion of management approaches applicable in different regions that are illustrated with relevant case studies. In a readable and technically accurate style, the book utilizes logically framed chapters authored by experts in the field, allowing managers and policymakers to readily grasp ecological concepts and their application to specific situations. Provides up-to-date reviews of research findings and management strategies using international examples Explores themes and parallels across diverse sub-disciplines in ecology and water resource management utilizing a multidisciplinary and integrative approach Reveals the relevance of this scientific understanding to managers and policymakers
Author: Dennis A. Hansell Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0124071538 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 712
Book Description
Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of molecules found throughout the world's oceans. It plays a key role in the export, distribution, and sequestration of carbon in the oceanic water column, posited to be a source of atmospheric climate regulation. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, focuses on the chemical constituents of DOM and its biogeochemical, biological, and ecological significance in the global ocean, and provides a single, unique source for the references, information, and informed judgments of the community of marine biogeochemists. Presented by some of the world's leading scientists, this revised edition reports on the major advances in this area and includes new chapters covering the role of DOM in ancient ocean carbon cycles, the long term stability of marine DOM, the biophysical dynamics of DOM, fluvial DOM qualities and fate, and the Mediterranean Sea. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, is an extremely useful resource that helps people interested in the largest pool of active carbon on the planet (DOC) get a firm grounding on the general paradigms and many of the relevant references on this topic. Features up-to-date knowledge of DOM, including five new chapters The only published work to synthesize recent research on dissolved organic carbon in the Mediterranean Sea Includes chapters that address inputs from freshwater terrestrial DOM
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
All surface waters in the world contain dissolved organic matter and its concentration depends on climate and vegetation. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is ten times higher in wetlands and swamps than in surface water of arctic, alpine, or arid climate. Climates of high ecosystem productivity (i.e., tropics) typically have soils with low organic carbon storage, but drain high dissolved organic loads to rivers. Regions with lower productivity (e.g. grasslands) typically have high soil carbon storage while adjacent rivers have high DOC contents. Most DOC in a free-flowing river is derived from leaching vegetation and soil organic matter, whereas in dammed rivers algae may comprise a significant portion. Water chemistry and oxygen-18 abundance of river water, along with radiocarbon and carbon-13 isotope abundance measurements of DOC were used to distinguish water and water quality sources in the Missouri River watershed. Drinking water for the City of St. Louis incorporates these different sources, and its water quality depends mostly on whether runoff is derived from the upper or the lower watershed, with the lower watershed contributing water with the highest DOC. During drinking water chlorination, DOC forms carcinogenic by-products in proportion to the amount of DOC present. This has recently led the USEPA to propose federal regulation standards. Restoration of natural riparian habitat such as wetlands will likely increase DOC concentrations in river water.
Author: Paula G. Coble Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 0521764610 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 407
Book Description
A core text on principles, laboratory/field methodologies, and data interpretation for fluorescence applications in aquatic science, for advanced students and researchers.
Author: Jean-Phillipe Croue Publisher: American Water Works Association ISBN: 1583210156 Category : Drinking water Languages : en Pages : 372
Book Description
The research reported on here sought to characterize natural organic matter (NOM) in dilute solutions and to isolate it without altering its properties, so that the effect of NOM in drinking water may be considered. Several NOM isolation methods were evaluated, including evaporation, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and adsorption. The effects of such isolation procedures on NOM's chemical composition and reactivity were considered. Based on these studies, the report presents conclusions regarding the feasibility and adequacy of in situ and ex situ techniques. Croue is affiliated with Laboratoire de Chimie de l'Eau de l'Environment, Universite de Poiters. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
Author: Khan M.G. Mostofa Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642322239 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 919
Book Description
Photoinduced processes, caused by natural sunlight, are key functions for sustaining all living organisms through production and transformation of organic matter (OM) in the biosphere. Production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from OM is a primary step of photoinduced processes, because H2O2 acts as strong reductant and oxidant. It is potentially important in many aquatic reactions, also in association with photosynthesis. Allochthonous and autochthonous dissolved organic matter (DOM) can be involved into several photoinduced or biological processes. DOM subsequently undergoes several physical, chemical, photoinduced and biological processes, which can be affected by global warming. This book is uniquely structured to overview some vital issues, such as: DOM; H2O2 and ROOH; HO•; Degradation of DOM; CDOM, FDOM; Photosynthesis; Chlorophyll; Metal complexation, and Global warming, as well as their mutual interrelationships, based on updated scientific results.
Author: Evgenii A. Romankevich Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642499643 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 351
Book Description
My work Geochemistry oj organic matter in the ocean first appeared in Russian in 1978. Since then much progress has been made in the exploration of various forms of organic matter in the ocean: dissolved, colloidal, organic matter sus pended in particles and that contained in bottom sediments and in interstitial waters. The appropriate evidence is found in hundreds of articles and several re view works, such as Andersen (1977), Biogeochimie de [a matiere organique a ['interjace eau-sedimentmarine (1980), Duursma and Dawson (1981). A great amount of new information has been obtained in the Soviet Union's scientific institutions on the composition and distribution in natural waters and bottom sediments of organic matter and its separate components playing a crucial role in the formation of the chemical and biological structure of the ocean and its productivity, in the biogeochemistry of the elements and geochemistry of organic matter in the Earth's sedimentary cover. The areas of exploration have expanded over the past four-and-a-half years to embrace many new, little-known regions, including the Arctic seas. In contrast to the three preceeding decades, the research has been focused on investigating the existing forms, the distribution and accumulation of organic matter in near continental oceanic zones between land and sea, and in river estuaries.
Author: Oleg S. Pokrovsky Publisher: Nova Science Publishers ISBN: 9781536123326 Category : Organic water pollutants Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) is a major factor controlling global biogeochemical cycles of carbon, macro- and micronutrients and toxic metals. It plays a pivotal role both in mobilisation (chemical weathering), transport (organic complexes and colloids), biological uptake and deposition (microbial and photo-degradation) of a number of essential macro- (C, N, P) and micro- (Fe, Zn, Mn, Ni, Cu Co) nutrients. The interest of scientists to DOM is rapidly increasing. Between 1950 and 2017, more than 30,000 scientific papers on DOM were published (Web of Science® All Database Search); however, more than half of them were produced over the past nine years and over the last two and a half years, more than 5,400 papers were published. Such attention to DOM is clearly motivated by a combination of global climate change issues and the main role of DOM in CO2 exchange between the atmosphere and the surface waters. Despite such a large range of scientific problems concerning DOM properties, origins, and applications, there is a very strong geographical bias in terms of the amount of research devoted to various geographical regions of the world. The majority of information concerns temperate zones and boreal regions of Scandinavia and Northern America, with very little information available on Siberia and Russia. Thus, among the less than 30,000 scientific articles devoted to various aspects of DOM since 1950, only 150-200 of them are devoted to DOM in Russia or Siberia. This book is essentially oriented towards filling these gaps of our knowledge. Among thirteen chapters, eleven of them are devoted to various aspects of DOM in Russia and Siberia. Another important and still poorly characterised aspect of natural DOM is its colloidal status: four chapters of this book deal with the colloidal speciation of DOM in rivers and lakes. Given the breadth of physico-chemical, geochemical, biological, and geographical aspects of DOM covered in this book, it will be useful for a large audience of environmental scientists, limnologists, physico-chemists, soil and landscape scientists and biogeochemists.
Author: Mika Silanpää
Author: Mika Silanpää
Author: Thibault Datry
Author: Dennis A. Hansell
Author: 
Author: Paula G. Coble
Author: Jean-Phillipe Croue
Author: Billy H. Kornegay
Author: Khan M.G. Mostofa
Author: Evgenii A. Romankevich
Author: Oleg S. Pokrovsky