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Author: Hansani Weeratunge Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Hybrid renewable energy systems that combine conventional heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and ground source heat pumps (GSHP) have become an attractive alternative for conventional HVAC systems due to their higher cost and energy efficiency.Furthermore, control strategies that exploit predictive information about weather and building occupants' activity can further reduce the system operating costs. This study proposes a Stochastic Model Predictive Control (SMPC) for hybrid GSHP systems considering the stochastic nature of the building space heating demand. In SMPC, near-optimal control decisions are found for the current and future states of the system through the application of Regression Monte-Carlo techniques. We compare the performance of SMPC to that gained by using setpoint Control (SPC) and Model Predictive Control (MPC) which uses a deterministic forecast. It is found that by taking uncertainty into account via SMPC, the operating cost reduction compared to SPC is approximately equal to half of the cost-optimality gap between SPC and an idealized controller that is represented by MPC with perfect future information. Furthermore, we find that MPC using a forecast based on expected values leads to greater operating costs compared to the simpler SPC strategy when variability and uncertainty are present.
Author: Hansani Weeratunge Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Hybrid renewable energy systems that combine conventional heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and ground source heat pumps (GSHP) have become an attractive alternative for conventional HVAC systems due to their higher cost and energy efficiency.Furthermore, control strategies that exploit predictive information about weather and building occupants' activity can further reduce the system operating costs. This study proposes a Stochastic Model Predictive Control (SMPC) for hybrid GSHP systems considering the stochastic nature of the building space heating demand. In SMPC, near-optimal control decisions are found for the current and future states of the system through the application of Regression Monte-Carlo techniques. We compare the performance of SMPC to that gained by using setpoint Control (SPC) and Model Predictive Control (MPC) which uses a deterministic forecast. It is found that by taking uncertainty into account via SMPC, the operating cost reduction compared to SPC is approximately equal to half of the cost-optimality gap between SPC and an idealized controller that is represented by MPC with perfect future information. Furthermore, we find that MPC using a forecast based on expected values leads to greater operating costs compared to the simpler SPC strategy when variability and uncertainty are present.
Author: Ioan Sarbu Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128042419 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 217
Book Description
Ground-Source Heat Pumps presents the theory and some of the most recent advances of GSHPs and their implementation in the heating/cooling system of buildings. The authors explore the thermodynamic cycle with calculation, operation regimes and economic indicators and GHG emissions of a vapor compression heat pump. They go on to examine substitution strategies of non-ecological refrigerants and types of compressors and heat pumps, before delving into the different GSHP systems, as well as their compared economic, energy and environmental performances using classical and optimized adjustment for various operating modes. Surface water heat pumps and ground water heat pumps are covered, and special focus is given to both vertical and horizontal ground-coupled heat pump systems, for which modelling and simulation is discussed, and experimental systems are described. Due to its advanced approach to the subject, this book will be especially valuable for researchers, graduate students and academics, and as reference for engineers and specialists in the varied domains of building services. Explores fundamentals and state-of-the-art research, including ground-coupled heat pump (GCHP) systems. Includes performance assessment and comparison for different types of GSHP, numerical simulation models, practical applications of GSHPs with details on the renewable energy integration, information on refrigerants, and economic analysis.
Author: Stephen P. Kavanaugh Publisher: ISBN: 9781936504855 Category : Ground source heat pump systems Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Geothermal Heating and Cooling is a complete revision of Ground-Source Heat Pumps: Design of Geothermal Systems for Commercial and Institutional Buildings, which is recognized as the primary reference for nonresidential ground-source heat pump (GSHP) installations. This new work takes advantage of the many lessons learned since the time of the original publication, when GSHPs were primarily residential applications. Many improvements have evolved, and performance data, both positive and negative, is now available to guide the development of best practices. This essential guide for HVAC design engineers, design-build contractors, GSHP subcontractors, and energy/construction managers also provides building owners and architects with insights into characteristics of quality engineering firms and the information that should be provided by design firms competing for GSHP projects.This revision draws on new ASHRAE and industry research in critical areas, as well as measured data from long-term installations and optimized installation practices used by high-production GSHP contractors. Nearly all chapters and appendices were completely rewritten, and they include coverage of closed-loop ground (ground-coupled), groundwater, and surface-water systems plus GSHP equipment and piping. Additional information on site characterization has been added, including a new hydrogeological chapter. Another new chapter contains results of recent field studies, energy and demand characteristics, and updated information to optimize GSHP system cost. While other publications deal primarily with ground-coupled heat pumps, this text includes detailed coverage of groundwater, surface-water, and GSHP costs.Tables, graphs, and equations are provided in both Inch-Pound (I-P) and International System (SI) units. As a bonus, supplemental Microsoft® Excel® macro-enabled spreadsheets for a variety of GSHP calculations accompany the text.
Author: Simon Rees Publisher: Woodhead Publishing ISBN: 0081003226 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 484
Book Description
Advances in Ground-Source Heat Pump Systems relates the latest information on source heat pumps (GSHPs), the types of heating and/or cooling systems that transfer heat from, or to, the ground, or, less commonly, a body of water. As one of the fastest growing renewable energy technologies, they are amongst the most energy efficient systems for space heating, cooling, and hot water production, with significant potential for a reduction in building carbon emissions. The book provides an authoritative overview of developments in closed loop GSHP systems, surface water, open loop systems, and related thermal energy storage systems, addressing the different technologies and component methods of analysis and optimization, among other subjects. Chapters on building integration and hybrid systems complete the volume. - Provides the geological aspects and building integration covered together in one convenient volume - Includes chapters on hybrid systems - Presents carefully selected chapters that cover areas in which there is significant ongoing research - Addresses geothermal heat pumps in both heating and cooling modes
Author: Vasile Minea Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000564258 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 443
Book Description
Heating and Cooling with Ground-Source Heat Pumps in Cold and Moderate Climates: Design Principles, Potential Applications and Case Studies focuses on applications and cases studies of ground-source heat pumps in moderate and cold climates. It details technical aspects (such as materials, thermal fluid carriers and pumping, and drilling/trenching technologies), as well as the most common and uncommon application fields for basic system configurations. The principles of system integrations and applications in moderate and cold climates (such as hybrid, solar-assisted, thermo-syphon, foundation, mines, snow melting, district heating and cooling ground-source heat pump systems, etc.) are also presented, each followed by case studies. Based on the author's more than 30 years of technical experience Discusses ground-source heat pump technologies that can be successfully applied in moderate and cold climates Presents several case studies, including successful energy results, as well as the main lessons learned This work is aimed at designers of HVAC systems, as well as geological, mechanical, and chemical engineers implementing environmentally-friendly heating and cooling technologies for buildings.
Author: Leijiao Ge Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9819967589 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 245
Book Description
The surge in renewable and distributed energy sources has posed significant challenges for smart power distribution network (SPDN). These challenges fall into two main categories: the unpredictability of renewable energy sources and the complexities introduced by numerous electrical devices and their interdependencies, affecting forecasting and operational performance. As the emphasis on SPDN's economic and environmental aspects grows, this book focuses on the vital themes of sustainability and cost-efficiency in SPDN forecasting, planning, and operation. It is structured into three key parts: 1. SPDN Situation Awareness: This section assesses prior research methods, analyzes their shortcomings while dissecting SPDN's unique situation awareness characteristics. Then, some forecast and virtual collection methods are presented. 2. Boosting SPDN Planning: Addressing optimal planning challenges in SPDN, this part introduces advanced modelling and algorithm solving techniques, tailored to mitigate SPDN's inherent uncertainty. 3. Enhancing SPDN Operation: Considering a variety of equipment types and controllable loads, this section explores strategies to boost SPDN operational performance. It covers control methodologies for electric vehicles, flexible loads, energy storage, and related equipments, etc. Tailored for university researchers, engineers, and graduate students in electrical engineering and computer science, this book is a valuable resource for comprehending SPDN's situation awareness, planning, and operation intricacies in the context of sustainability and economic efficiency.
Author: Biplab Das Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811924120 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 300
Book Description
This book discusses smart computing techniques which offer an effective solution for investigating and modeling the stochastic behavior of renewable energy generation, operation of grid-connected renewable energy systems, and smart decision-making among alternatives. It also discusses applications of soft computing techniques to make an intelligent decision for optimum use of suitable alternatives which gives an upper hand compared to conventional systems. It includes upgradation of the existing system by embedding of machine intelligence. The authors present combination of use of neutral networks, fuzzy systems, and genetic algorithms which are illustrated in several applications including forecasting, security, verification, diagnostics of a specific fault, efficiency optimization, etc. Smart energy systems integrate a holistic approach in diverse sectors including electricity, thermal comfort, power industry, transportation. It allows affordable and sustainable solutions to solve the future energy demands with suitable alternatives. Thus, contributions regarding integration of the machine intelligence with the energy system, for efficient collection and effective utilization of the available energy sources, are useful for further advanced studies.
Author: Hansani Weeratunge
Author: Hansani Weeratunge
Author: Sankaranarayanan Padhmanabhan
Author: Ioan Sarbu
Author: Stephen P. Kavanaugh
Author: Simon Rees
Author: 
Author: Vasile Minea
Author: Leijiao Ge
Author: Biplab Das
Author: Chang Chen