Author: H. D. WeymannPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 36
Book Description
On the Mechanism of Thermal Ionization Behind Strong Shock Waves
Author: H. D. WeymannThermal Ionization Behind Strong Shock Waves
Author: Robert Wesley TruittPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ionization of gases
Languages : en
Pages : 2176
Book Description
Approach to Equilibrium Ionization Behind Strong Shock Waves in Argon
Author: Harry PetschekPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 72
Book Description
Previous work on strong shock waves in argon has shown that the degree of ionization reaches thermodynamic equilibrium for shock speeds greater than about ten times the speed of sound in room temperature argon. The degree of ionization reaches about 25% at the highest shock strengths available in an ordinary shock tube. This paper reports a detailed theoretical and experimental study of the approach of high temperature argon to this equilibrium degree of ionization. The mechanism for the approach to equilibrium can be divided into two stages. The first, which accounts for about 10% of the final ionization, is apparently controlled by impurities present in the gas even after considerable care is taken to insure high purity. In the second stage ionization by electron-atom collisions becomes dominant. The rate of ionization by this process is limited by the rate of energy transfer to electrons by elastic collisions with the atoms and ions in the gas and is relatively independent of the inelastic ionization crosssection. This rate is calculated and is in agreement with experimental measurements making use of (1) the visible continuum radiation from the gas, and (2) the electrostatic potentials in the gas due to the diffusion of electrons. (Author).
Physics of Shock Waves and High–Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena
Author: Wallace HayesPublisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323147852
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 479
Book Description
Physics of Shock Waves and High-Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena, Volume II presents interpretations of the physical basis of shockwaves and high-temperature hydrodynamic phenomena and gives practical guidance to those who work with these subjects in science and modern technology. This volume contains chapters discussing such topics as the shockwave structure in gases; physical and chemical kinetics in hydrodynamic processes; the radiative phenomena in shock waves and in strong explosions in the air; thermal waves and shockwaves in solids; and self-similar processes in gasdynamics. Physicists, engineers, researchers, and professors and students in the field of the physical sciences will find the book very educational.
High Temperature Phenomena in Shock Waves
Author: Raymond BrunPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642251196
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Book Description
The high temperatures generated in gases by shock waves give rise to physical and chemical phenomena such as molecular vibrational excitation, dissociation, ionization, chemical reactions and inherently related radiation. In continuum regime, these processes start from the wave front, so that generally the gaseous media behind shock waves may be in a thermodynamic and chemical non-equilibrium state. This book presents the state of knowledge of these phenomena. Thus, the thermodynamic properties of high temperature gases, including the plasma state are described, as well as the kinetics of the various chemical phenomena cited above. Numerous results of measurement and computation of vibrational relaxation times, dissociation and reaction rate constants are given, and various ionization and radiative mechanisms and processes are presented. The coupling between these different phenomena is taken into account as well as their interaction with the flow-field. Particular points such as the case of rarefied flows and the inside of the shock wave itself are also examined. Examples of specific non-equilibrium flows are given, generally corresponding to those encountered during spatial missions or in shock tube experiments.
Chemical Relaxation Behind Strong Normal Shock Waves in Carbon Dioxide Including Interdependent Dissociation and Ionization Processes
Author: John T. HowePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon dioxide
Languages : en
Pages : 62
Book Description
Photoionization of N2 and O2 Ahead of Strong Shock Waves in a Shock Tube
Author: A. J. MulacPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gas dynamics
Languages : en
Pages : 48
Book Description
An improved calculation of photoionizaton ahead of strong shock waves in N2 and O2 has been carried out. In contrast to previous calculations, these calculations include a more detailed kinetic model, a source of finite extent, and wall reflection. Very good agreement (℗± 20%) has been obtained between calculated values of electron density and values measured in the experiments of Presley and Omura.
Physics of Shock Waves and High-Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena
Author: Ya B. Zel'dovichPublisher: Courier Corporation
ISBN: 0486420027
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 946
Book Description
Physical, chemical processes in gases at high temperatures are focus of outstanding text by two distinguished physicists. Combines material from gas dynamics, shock-wave theory, thermodynamics and statistical physics, molecular physics, spectroscopy, radiation theory, other fields for comprehensive treatment. 284 black-and-white illustrations. 1966–1967 edition, originally published in two volumes.
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