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Author: Darcy Sperlich Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030638758 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 250
Book Description
This book presents a comprehensive picture of reflexive pronouns from both a theoretical and experimental perspective, using the well-researched languages of English, German, Dutch, Chinese, Japanese and Korean. In order to understand the data from varying theoretical perspectives, the book considers selected syntactic and pragmatic analyses based on their current importance in the field. The volume consequently introduces the Emergentist Reflexivity Approach, which is a novel theoretical synthesis incorporating a sentence and pragmatic processor that accounts for reflexive pronoun behaviour in these six languages. Moreover, in support of this model a vast array of experimental literature is considered, including first and second language acquisition, bilingual, psycholinguistic, neurolinguistic and clinical studies. It is through both the intuitive and experimental data linguistic theorizing relies upon that brings out the strengths of the modelling adopted here, paving new avenues for future research. In sum, this volume unites a diverse array of the literature that currently sits largely divorced between the theoretical and experimental realms, and when put together a better understanding of reflexive pronouns under the auspices of the Emergentist Reflexivity Approach is forged.
Author: Darcy Sperlich Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030638758 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 250
Book Description
This book presents a comprehensive picture of reflexive pronouns from both a theoretical and experimental perspective, using the well-researched languages of English, German, Dutch, Chinese, Japanese and Korean. In order to understand the data from varying theoretical perspectives, the book considers selected syntactic and pragmatic analyses based on their current importance in the field. The volume consequently introduces the Emergentist Reflexivity Approach, which is a novel theoretical synthesis incorporating a sentence and pragmatic processor that accounts for reflexive pronoun behaviour in these six languages. Moreover, in support of this model a vast array of experimental literature is considered, including first and second language acquisition, bilingual, psycholinguistic, neurolinguistic and clinical studies. It is through both the intuitive and experimental data linguistic theorizing relies upon that brings out the strengths of the modelling adopted here, paving new avenues for future research. In sum, this volume unites a diverse array of the literature that currently sits largely divorced between the theoretical and experimental realms, and when put together a better understanding of reflexive pronouns under the auspices of the Emergentist Reflexivity Approach is forged.
Author: Roger D. Woodard Publisher: Brill ISBN: Category : Foreign Language Study Languages : en Pages : 152
Book Description
In classical Attic Greek of the fifth century B.C., there are found six distinct forms of the reflexive pronoun: one form for each of the three persons of the singular and of the plural. This morphologically elaborate system is eventually replaced, however, by one in which there is only a single reflexive pronominal stem (*auto- or its variant èuto-). In On Interpreting Morphological Change, Woodard traces the course of this linguistic development through a period of approxi-mately six cen-turies. An analysis of this pr-cess of morpho-logical replacement reveals that the change is motivated by morphological redundancy and is sensitive to a hierarchy of grammatical relations.
Author: Alanah McKillen Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
"This dissertation is concerned with the interpretation of reflexive pronouns and how their interpretation requirements affect the formulation of Condition A in binding theory, with data being collected from English. In Standard Binding Theory, reflexives are as- sumed to be interpreted as bound variables only (Chomsky, 1981; Reinhart, 1983; Büring, 2005). This assumption is explicitly reflected in Condition A, which requires that reflex- ives must be locally bound variables. In this dissertation I question how well motivated this assumption is.To test the bound-variable-only assumption for reflexives, I investigate the readings that reflexives give rise to in VP-ellipsis and focus constructions. It has previously been observed that reflexives are ambiguous in VP-ellipsis, giving rise to both a strict and sloppy reading (Dahl, 1973; Sag, 1976; Hestvik, 1995; Fiengo and May, 1994). Rather than take this as evidence for both referentially interpreted and bound-variable reflexives, as is the case with ambiguities that arise with non-reflexive pronouns (Sag, 1976; Reinhart, 1983; Heim and Kratzer, 1998), previous accounts aim to derive strict readings of reflexives while maintaining the bound-variable-only assumption (Hestvik, 1995; Büring, 2005). However, I argue that these accounts run into problems which could be avoided if reflexives were able to be interpreted as co-referential with their antecedents, and not just as bound variables.The readings of reflexives in focus constructions have received far less attention. Judgements are mixed, with reflexives being claimed to only be interpreted as sloppy, and the strict reading being unavailable or marginal (McCawley, 1967; Heim and Kratzer, 1998; Reinhart and Reuland, 1993), which would seem to support the bound-variable- only assumption. Yet others - such as Dahl (1973), Büring (2005), Roelofsen (2008), and Ahn and Sportiche (2014) - claim both strict and sloppy readings are equally possible. I present experimental evidence in this dissertation which shows that strict reflexives in focus constructions are judged as acceptable to speakers, and argue that these readings cannot be accounted for with the assumption that reflexives are interpreted as bound variables only; and that instead, a binding theory is needed in which reflexives can be co-referential with their antecedents.With the need for co-referential reflexives established, the remainder of this dissertation is concerned with how Condition A can be formulated to incorporate this interpretation option, and how strict readings in VP-ellipsis and focus constructions will follow once it has been incorporated. I follow Sauerland (2013) in adopting a Condition A which is built into the compositional semantics as an argument identity presupposition, which will allow reflexives the option of co-reference, and accounts for strict readings as instances of weakened presupposition projection.Compared to the option of modifying Standard Binding Theory, this presuppositional approach appears to be more insightful, but is not without complications. In order for weakened projection to occur, Sauerland (2013) assumes that a presupposition must be purely presuppositional. I present data which are problematic for this assumption and outline a new direction for the conditions under which weakened projection in focus alternatives may proceed, which is based on the relation the presuppositional element bears to the focus-marked phrase." --
Author: Margaret Ann Thomas Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 9027224692 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 245
Book Description
This study addresses the debate about whether adult language learners have access to the principles and parameters of universal grammar in constructing the grammar of a second language. The data are based on two related experiments. The first examines the interpretation of English reflexive pronouns by native speakers of Japanese and of Spanish. The second experiment examines the interpretation of the Japanese reflexive zibun by native speakers of English and of Chinese. Three hypotheses are evaluated: (a) that UG is unavailable, and that processing strategies or other non-linguistic principles guide second language acquisition; (b) that UG is available only in the form in which it is instantiated in the learner's native language; (c) that UG is fully available, including the ability to re-set parameters to UG-sanctioned values not instantiated in the learner's native language.The results show that learners observe constraints defined by Manzini and Wexler's parameterized version of Principle A of the binding theory and support the proposal that adult learners have access to universal grammar. A final chapter reviews the experimental data in the light of recent accounts of cross-linguistic variation in the grammar of anaphors which reject parameterization of the binding principles in favor of a movement to INFL analysis.
Author: Lester Kaufman Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119652847 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
The bestselling workbook and grammar guide, revised and updated! Hailed as one of the best books around for teaching grammar, The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation includes easy-to-understand rules, abundant examples, dozens of reproducible quizzes, and pre- and post-tests to help teach grammar to middle and high schoolers, college students, ESL students, homeschoolers, and more. This concise, entertaining workbook makes learning English grammar and usage simple and fun. This updated 12th edition reflects the latest updates to English usage and grammar, and includes answers to all reproducible quizzes to facilitate self-assessment and learning. Clear and concise, with easy-to-follow explanations, offering "just the facts" on English grammar, punctuation, and usage Fully updated to reflect the latest rules, along with even more quizzes and pre- and post-tests to help teach grammar Ideal for students from seventh grade through adulthood in the US and abroad For anyone who wants to understand the major rules and subtle guidelines of English grammar and usage, The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation offers comprehensive, straightforward instruction.
Author: Elena Dubodelova Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3656973881 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 32
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: 1,7, Free University of Berlin (Institut für Englische Philologie), course: HS Understanding English-German Contrasts, language: English, abstract: Since pronouns are the main grammatical devices by which acts of speaking are tied to the persons who are engaged in the conversation, many linguists investigate how pronouns are employed as a means of coming to understand the ways that speech and society are related. The expression ‘central pronouns’ for personal , reflexive and possessive pronouns suggests that these subclasses have a number of features in common and that other, more peripheral pronominal subclasses can be characterized by properties not shared by all members. It appears that the class of pronouns is conceptualized by Quirk et al. and other authors as something like a ‘cluster’ or ‘radial category’ with a prototypical core represented by personal pronouns. With regard to their referential functions, those pronouns are traditionally described in terms of deixis and anaphora. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the pronominal systems of English, German and Russian and to compare them. The special focus of comparison is the reflexive pronouns due to their complexity and in some aspects controversy.
Author: Elly van Gelderen Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 902729917X Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 293
Book Description
This book brings together a number of seemingly distinct phenomena in the history of English: the introduction of special reflexive pronouns (e.g. myself), the loss of verbal agreement and pro-drop, and the disappearance of morphological Case. It provides vast numbers of examples from Old and Middle English texts showing a person split between first, second, and third person pronouns. Extending an analysis by Reinhart & Reuland, the author argues that the ‘strength’ of certain pronominal features (Case, person, number) differs cross-linguistically and that parametric variation accounts for the changes in English. The framework used is Minimalist, and Interpretable and Uninterpretable features are seen as the key to explaining the change from a synthetic to an analytic language.
Author: Sarah McCarty Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3640773004 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 25
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English - Pedagogy, Didactics, Literature Studies, grade: 1,0, University of Frankfurt (Main) (Institut für England- und Amerikastudien), course: Theory of Anaphora in Context, language: English, abstract: In this term paper I will investigate whether the implementation of reflexive pronouns through seventh grade English-schoolbooks is sufficient to let students understand and eventually use this phenomenon correctly. In the first part of this paper, I will begin with introducing the phenomenon. Here, I will give a short overview of how reflexive pronouns developed. Furthermore, I will present two different acknowledged theories (Chomsky and Reinhart & Reuland) and their conditions on reflexive pronouns. I will then show the two different usages of this phenomenon and will give examples of cases which are somewhat different from the common way of using it. In the second part, I will present the explanations and rules as they are given in the three most commonly used schoolbooks here in Hesse to show how reflexive pronouns are implemented. In part three, I will investigate in how far these rules are sufficient to explain the examples given in those schoolbooks respectively. I will furthermore analyze examples given in Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein" and Oscar Wilde's "The Canterville Ghost", which are suggested for the use in seventh grade. Here, I will rather put my focus on somewhat more complex examples in order to find out whether those short rules apply for them as well. I will then conclude, whether my assumption that the explanations in these schoolbooks are not sufficient can be verified.
Author: Patrick Grosz Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 1501500775 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 361
Book Description
The interplay between the interpretation of pronouns (e.g. bound/referential) and their form (e.g. null/overt) is still ill-understood. This volume has a cross-linguistic orientation with in-depth investigations of more than 10 different languages. It unites researchers from the linguistic subfields of syntax, semantics, and psycholinguistics, thus furthering dialogue with the goal of shedding new light on the form/interpretation connection.
Author: Zygmunt Frajzyngier Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 9789027229397 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 312
Book Description
This text examines the forms and functions of reflexives. Even when analyses have been conducted from different theoretical perspectives, the volume indicates a certain degree of convergence of results. The papers offer a variety of approaches, aiming to be of use in a variety of linguistic fields.
Author: Darcy Sperlich
Author: Darcy Sperlich
Author: Roger D. Woodard
Author: Alanah McKillen
Author: Margaret Ann Thomas
Author: Lester Kaufman
Author: Elena Dubodelova
Author: Elly van Gelderen
Author: Sarah McCarty
Author: Patrick Grosz
Author: Zygmunt Frajzyngier