Observing the Coastal Ocean with HF Radar PDF Download

Author: Sheila O'Keefe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ocean currents
Languages : en
Pages : 206

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Author: Yonggang Liu
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012802061X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 491

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Book Description
Coastal Ocean Observing Systems provides state-of-the-art scientific and technological knowledge in coastal ocean observing systems, along with guidance on establishing, restructuring, and improving similar systems. The book is intended to help oceanographers understand, identify, and recognize how oceanographic research feeds into the various designs of ocean observing systems. In addition, readers will learn how ocean observing systems are defined and how each system operates in relation to its geographical, environmental, and political region. The book provides further insights into all of these problem areas, offering lessons learned and results from the types of research sponsored and utilized by ocean observing systems and the types of research design and experiments conducted by professionals specializing in ocean research and affiliated with observing systems. Includes international contributions from individuals working in academia, management, and industry Showcases the application of science and technology in coastal observing systems Highlights lessons learned on partnerships, governance structure, data management, and stakeholder relationships required for successful implementation Provides insight into how ocean research transfers to application and societal benefit

Author: Jorge E. Corredor
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319783521
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 167

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Book Description
This manual describes the wide range of electromechanical, electrochemical and electro-optical transducers at the heart of current field-deployable ocean observing instruments. Their modes of operation, precision and accuracy are discussed in detail. Observing platforms ranging from the traditional to the most recently developed are described, as are the challenges of integrating instrument suits to individual platforms. Technical approaches are discussed to address environmental constraints on instrument and platform operation such as power sources, corrosion, biofouling and mechanical abrasion. Particular attention is also given to data generated by the networks of observing platforms that are typically integrated into value-added data visualization products, including numerical simulations or models. Readers will learn about acceptable data formats and representative model products. The last section of the book is devoted to the challenges of planning, deploying and maintaining coastal ocean observing systems. Readers will discover practical applications of ocean observations in diverse fields including natural resource conservation, commerce and recreation, safety and security, and climate change resiliency and adaptation. This volume will appeal to ocean engineers, oceanographers, commercial and recreational ocean data users, observing systems operators, and advanced undergraduate and graduate students in the field of ocean observing.

Author: Thomas Martin Georges
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ocean currents
Languages : en
Pages : 352

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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The objectives of this project began with the construction and deployment of two and later three multifrequency HF radar instruments (called MCR for Multifrequency Coastal Radar) to Monterey Bay, California. Further experiment deployments were to the Virginia coast and to Lake Michigan for fresh water experiments (NSF sponsorship). The data collected at these sites is reduced, analyzed and interpreted to achieve the specific research objectives listed below: 1. Improvement of radar performance by upgrading hardware and software and developing improved transmit antennas, signal processing and flexible use of multiple frequencies 2. Improvement of HF radar estimates of surface currents, vertical shear, winds, friction velocity and waves by improved estimation algorithms that use knowledge of air-sea interaction physics 3. Estimate surface wind speed and direction using multifrequency HF radar measurements by exploiting air-sea interaction physics and HF radar measurements of vertical current shear 4. Ocean science investigations, including assimilation of HF radar data into coastal ocean models for circulation, chemical and biological properties as well as air-sea interaction studies 5. Use of continuing HF radar observations on Monterey Bay in observing ships to assess the usefulness of multiple frequency HF radar in ship detection and tracking.

Author: R. Venkatesan
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331966493X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 322

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Book Description
This book provides contributions from leading experts on the integration of novel sensing technologies to yield unprecedented observations of coupled biological, chemical, and physical processes in the ocean from the macro to micro scale. Authoritative entries from experts around the globe provide first-hand information for oceanographers and researchers looking for solutions to measurement problems. Ocean observational techniques have seen rapid advances in the last few years and this book addresses the need for a single overview of present and future trends in near real time and real time. First the past, present and future scenarios of ocean observational tools and techniques are elucidated. Then this book divides into three modes of ocean observations: surface, upper ocean and deep ocean. This is followed by data quality and modelling. Collecting a summary of methods and applications, this book provides first-hand information for oceanographers and researchers looking for solutions to measurement problems. This book is also suitable for final year undergraduate students or beginning graduate students in ocean engineering, oceanography and various other engineering students (such as Mechanical, Civil, Electrical, and Bioengineering) who are interested in specializing their skills towards modern measurements of the ocean.

Author: Babin, Marcel
Publisher: UNESCO
ISBN: 9231040421
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 880

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Book Description
The proliferation of harmful phytoplankton in marine ecosystems can cause massive fish kills, contaminate seafood with toxins, impact local and regional economies and dramatically affect ecological balance. Real-time observations are essential for effective short-term operational forecasting, but observation and modelling systems are still being developed. This volume provides guidance for developing real-time and near real-time sensing systems for observing and predicting plankton dynamics, including harmful algal blooms, in coastal waters. The underlying theory is explained and current trends in research and monitoring are discussed.Topics covered include: coastal ecosystems and dynamics of harmful algal blooms; theory and practical applications of in situ and remotely sensed optical detection of microalgal distributions and composition; theory and practical applications of in situ biological and chemical sensors for targeted species and toxin detection; integrated observing systems and platforms for detection; diagnostic and predictive modelling of ecosystems and harmful algal blooms, including data assimilation techniques; observational needs for the public and government; and future directions for research and operations.

Author: Sung Yong Kim
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 188

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Book Description
Surface currents measured by high-frequency (HF) radars in southern San Diego are addressed from three perspectives: technical issues, physical interpretations, and environmental applications. Objective mapping (also known as optimal interpolation (OI)) is applied to the surface vector current using both observed and idealized covariance matrices. The mapping produces smooth fields and can fill in missing data. The covariance matrices calculated from the raw observations of surface currents show a roughly exponential form instead of the Gaussian shape which is often assumed. The OI methods have been extended to map vector current directly from the radial velocities as an alternative to un-weighted least-squares fitting (UWLS), which has been the default method for the HF radar community. OI uses the expected covariance function in place of the arbitrary, discontinuous correlation function used in UWLS. Moreover, the OI approach reduces inconsistency along baselines between stations and provides superior uncertainty measures for the estimated current field. In order to refine the covariance estimates and maps, the surface currents are decomposed according to their driving forces: tides, wind, low frequency pressure gradients, and several continuous frequency bands. The locally wind-driven currents are calculated by regression of the shore station winds on the observed surface currents to estimate the wind impulse response function. The response of surface currents to the wind in a coastal region is anisotropic due to the anisotropic bottom/coastline friction, pressure gradient, and boundary conditions. The frictional momentum balance between the gradient of sea surface elevation and the low frequency band currents is also considered. The spatial correlations of the components of surface currents exhibit a mix of Gaussian and exponential shapes with varying decorrelation length scales. Finally, a data-driven model of the fate and transport of the plumes from three local discharges in southern San Diego has been developed using surface current observations. The statistical model calculates particle trajectories which are compared with water quality samplings, and the skill of an alarm for low water quality is evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 216

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Book Description

Author: Tong Lee
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889631192
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 629

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.