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Author: Marisol Imani Dothard Publisher: ISBN: Category : Developmental biology Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Obesity is a health issue that is affecting an ever-increasing number of people around the world. Increasing obesity rates are particularly troubling because much evidence has been reported that maternal diet before and during pregnancy can increase the likelihood of obesity in the next generation, through epigenetic and obesity-related developmental changes. Extremely low fat maternal diets have also been shown to have transgenerational effects on health, including evidence for a "thrifty phenotype" hypothesis that supposes the intrauterine conditions prepare the offspring for the outside world based on the nutritional environment available during fetal development; therefore, offspring exposed to low fat intrauterine environments but much higher fat diets outside of this environment are more at risk for obesity and other metabolic dysfunction. In order to test the transgenerational relationship between maternal diet and offspring health, Danio rerio females were fed either a high fat diet (HFD), control diet, or low fat diet (LFD) for several months and crossed with males on the control diet. This study reports that significant differences in offspring early motor behaviour were observed were observed in offspring sired from HFD and LFD mothers, both from the control and from each other. These results indicate possible effects on skeletal muscle and neural development. Significant differences in appetite were also observed between control and HFD, and between HFD and LFD. These results may indicate changes in the secretion of satiety-related hormones in these offspring. HFD and LFD females also showed evidence of decreased fertility and increased offspring mortality rates. These data indicate that maternal diet before and during pregnancy may have far reaching effects on the development and general health of the offspring.
Author: Marisol Imani Dothard Publisher: ISBN: Category : Developmental biology Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Obesity is a health issue that is affecting an ever-increasing number of people around the world. Increasing obesity rates are particularly troubling because much evidence has been reported that maternal diet before and during pregnancy can increase the likelihood of obesity in the next generation, through epigenetic and obesity-related developmental changes. Extremely low fat maternal diets have also been shown to have transgenerational effects on health, including evidence for a "thrifty phenotype" hypothesis that supposes the intrauterine conditions prepare the offspring for the outside world based on the nutritional environment available during fetal development; therefore, offspring exposed to low fat intrauterine environments but much higher fat diets outside of this environment are more at risk for obesity and other metabolic dysfunction. In order to test the transgenerational relationship between maternal diet and offspring health, Danio rerio females were fed either a high fat diet (HFD), control diet, or low fat diet (LFD) for several months and crossed with males on the control diet. This study reports that significant differences in offspring early motor behaviour were observed were observed in offspring sired from HFD and LFD mothers, both from the control and from each other. These results indicate possible effects on skeletal muscle and neural development. Significant differences in appetite were also observed between control and HFD, and between HFD and LFD. These results may indicate changes in the secretion of satiety-related hormones in these offspring. HFD and LFD females also showed evidence of decreased fertility and increased offspring mortality rates. These data indicate that maternal diet before and during pregnancy may have far reaching effects on the development and general health of the offspring.
Author: David A. Bender Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420055968 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 465
Book Description
The third edition of this leading textbook builds upon the excellent foundation of the previous two editions. It explains and explores the science underlying our current understanding of the interactions between diet and health, and the basis for current dietary goals and recommendations. It also provides a concise and authoritative description of the biochemistry that is essential to an understanding of the functions of nutrients and the importance of diet and nutrition for health and disease. The discussion of metabolic pathways and their regulation is illustrated by clear and simple diagrams, and is linked throughout to nutritional and physiological aspects.
Author: Martin Kohlmeier Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0123877881 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 899
Book Description
Nutrient Metabolism, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of the supply and use of nutrients in the human body and how the body regulates intake. Chapters detail the principles determining digestion and absorption of food ingredients and how these compounds and their metabolites get into the brain, cross the placenta and pass through the kidneys. Each nutrient's coverage contains a nutritional summary that describes its function, its food sources, dietary requirements, potential health risks if deficient, and impact of excessive intake. This handbook contains the latest information on the scope of structures, processes, genes and cofactors involved in maintaining a healthy balance of nutrient supplies. Of interest to a wide range of professionals because nutrient issues connect to so many audiences, the book contains a useful link to dietary supplements. - Latest research findings on health and clinical effects of nutrients and of interventions affecting nutrient supply or metabolism - Each nutrient covered contains a nutritional summary describing its function, food sources, dietary requirements, potential health risks if deficient, and impact of excessive intake. - Nutrient information immediately accessible--from source to effect--in one volume
Author: David Bender Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1482267845 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 314
Book Description
The second edition of this established textbook provides an accomplished introduction to the principles of nutrition and metabolism with increasing emphasis on the integration and control of metabolism. This book explores the interactions between diet and health and explains the basis for current dietary goals and recommendations. Essential biochem
Author: James L. Groff Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing Company ISBN: Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 604
Book Description
Focuses on normal human nutrition and physiologic function. Covers the structure, function, and nourishment of the cell, and reviews energy transformation. Discusses the metabolism of macronutrients, including a review of primary metabolic pathways for carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, emphasizing reactions that have particular relevance for health. Includes chapters on dietary fiber and on the interrelationships among the macronutrient metabolic pathways as well as the metabolic dynamics of the feeding-fasting cycle. Covers nutrients considered regulatory in nature: the vitamins and the minerals, both macro and micro. Covers nutrient features such as digestion, absorption, transport, function, metabolism, excretion, deficiency, and toxicity. Discusses body fluid and electrolyte balance, body composition, energy balance and weight control, and nutrition and the central nervous system. Also discusses the types of research and the methodologies by which research can be conducted.
Author: David A. Bender Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1466572248 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 444
Book Description
Understanding the way in which nutrients are metabolised, and hence the principles of biochemistry, is essential for understanding the scientific basis of what we would call a healthy diet. Extensively revised and updated to reflect current knowledge of nutritional and dietary requirements, Introduction to Nutrition and Metabolism, Fifth Edition presents an accessible text on the basic principles of nutrition and metabolism and the biochemistry needed for comprehending the science of nutrition. This full-color text explores the need for food and the uses to which that food is put in the body, as well as the interactions between health and diet. It describes the metabolic pathways and the biochemical basis of their nutritional and physiological importance. Topics covered include chemical reactions and catalysis by enzymes; the role of ATP; digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins; issues associated with being overweight; problems of malnutrition; and vitamin and mineral requirements and functions. This new edition contains significantly expanded information on a variety of subjects including appetite control, hormone action, and integration and control of metabolism. The fifth edition also includes a list of key points at the end of each chapter. This text explains the conclusions of the experts who have deliberated on nutritional requirements, diet, and health, as well as the scientific basis for the conclusions they have reached. It also provides a foundation of scientific knowledge for the interpretation and evaluation of future advances in nutrition and health sciences. The accompanying CD-ROM contains new interactive tutorial exercises, PowerPoint presentations for each chapter, self-assessment quizzes, simulations of laboratory experiments, and a nutrient analysis program.
Author: David A. Bender Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780367688158 Category : Languages : en Pages : 424
Book Description
Introduction to Nutrition and Metabolism equips readers with an understanding of the scientific basis of what we call a healthy diet. Now in its sixth edition, this highly recognized textbook provides clear explanations of how nutrients are metabolized and gives explains the principles of biochemistry needed for comprehending the science of nutrition. This full-color textbook explores the need for food and the uses to which food is put in the body, as well as the interactions between health and diet. Outlining the scientific basis behind nutritional requirements and recommendations, this new edition has been extensively revised to reflect current knowledge. Features: Lists key objectives at the beginning, and key points at the end of each chapter. Accompanying online resources include interactive tutorial exercises based on interpretation of clinical and research data. Covers topics including: Chemical reactions and catalysis by enzymes; the role of ATP; digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, fats and proteins; issues associated with being overweight; problems of malnutrition; diet and health; and vitamin and mineral requirements and functions. Updated sections focus on the interaction of the gut microbiome and epigenetics with our metabolic responses to diet. Provides a foundation of scientific knowledge for the interpretation and evaluation of future advances in nutrition and health sciences. Following its predecessors, this sixth edition is relevant to any student or practitioner interested in how diet influences our health, including in the fields of nutrition, dietetics, medicine and public health.
Author: Jonathan C. K. Wells Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1316679365 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 625
Book Description
Chronic diseases have rapidly become the leading global cause of morbidity and mortality, yet there is poor understanding of this transition, or why particular social and ethnic groups are especially susceptible. In this book, Wells adopts a multidisciplinary approach to human nutrition, emphasising how power relations shape the physiological pathways to obesity, diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Part I reviews the physiological basis of chronic diseases, presenting a 'capacity-load' model that integrates the nutritional contributions of developmental experience and adult lifestyle. Part II presents an evolutionary perspective on the sensitivity of human metabolism to ecological stresses, highlighting how social hierarchy impacts metabolism on an intergenerational timescale. Part III reviews how nutrition has changed over time, as societies evolved and coalesced towards a single global economic system. Part IV integrates these physiological, evolutionary and politico-economic perspectives in a unifying framework, to deepen our understanding of the societal basis of metabolic ill-health.
Author: Marisol Imani Dothard
Author: Marisol Imani Dothard
Author: David A. Bender
Author: Martin Kohlmeier
Author: David Bender
Author: 
Author: James L. Groff
Author: David A. Bender
Author: David A. Bender
Author: Jonathan C. K. Wells
Author: Amber Appleton