Nutrition and Food Insecurity in Relation to HIV and AIDS and Tuberculosis PDF Download

Author: Martin W. Bloem
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 76

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 76

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Book Description

Author: Louise Ivers
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466599065
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 230

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Book Description
Affecting more than 800 million people, food insecurity is a global problem that runs deeper than hunger and undernutrition. In addition to the obvious impact on physical well-being, food insecurity can result in risky coping strategies, increased expenditures on medical costs or transportation, and mental health issues. A review of the concepts an

Author: Stuart Gillespie
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 0896295060
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 191

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Book Description
The HIV/AIDS pandemic is a global crisis with consequences that will be felt for decades to come. Thirty-nine million people are currently infected with the virus, including more than 25 million from Sub-Saharan Africa.Many millions more are affected in different ways. The ability of households and communities to ensure their own food and nutrition security is increasingly being threatened. With the most detailed evidence base yet assembled, this review systematically maps our growing knowledge of the interactions between HIV/AIDS and food and nutrition security, pointing to where and how future policy needs to change to remain relevant and effective.

Author: Areej Hassan
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1771884924
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 281

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Book Description
Food insecurity and disease are inextricably linked. The chapters in this valuable articles compendium reinforce that message by specifically linking food insecurity to various forms of chronic disease, including HIV/AIDS and obesity, as well as mental health issues. Providing a nuanced look at food insecurity and its connection to disease, the quality of the research gathered here advances our understanding of this issue; the chapter authors have provided us with a solid foundation on which to build well-informed clinical practice, further research, and effective future policy.This informative compendium will provide insight on these important issues for students and scholars in security studies, international politics, and environmental studies.

Author: Per Pinstrup-Andersen
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 9780801476921
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 380

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Book Description
Hunger, malnutrition, poor health, and deficient food systems are widespread in Sub-Saharan Africa. While much is known about African food systems and about African health and nutrition, our understanding of the interaction between food systems and health and nutrition is deficient. Moreover, the potential health gains from changes in the food system are frequently overlooked in policy design and implementation.The authors of The African Food System and its Interactions with Human Health and Nutrition examine how public policy and research aimed at the food system and its interaction with human health and nutrition can improve the well-being of Africans and help achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Several of the MDGs focus on health-related challenges: hunger alleviation; maternal, infant, and child mortality; the control of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria; and the provision of safe water and improved sanitation. These challenges are intensified by problems of low agricultural and food system productivity, gender inequity, lack of basic infrastructure, and environmental degradation, all of which have direct and indirect detrimental effects on health, nutrition, and the food system.Reflecting the complexity and multidisciplinary nature of these problems and their solutions, this book features contributions by world-renowned experts in economics, agriculture, health, nutrition, food science, and demography. Contributors: Harold Alderman, World Bank; Christopher B. Barrett, Cornell University; Kathryn J. Boor, Cornell University; Laura K. Cramer, Cornell University; Stuart Gillespie, International Food Policy Research Institute; Anna Herforth, Cornell University; Dorothy Nakimbugwe, Makerere University; Rebecca Nelson, Cornell University, Onesmo K. ole-MoiYoi, Kenyatta University and Kenya Agricultural Research Institute; Per Pinstrup-Andersen, Cornell University and the University of Copenhagen; Marie T. Ruel, International Food Policy Research Institute; David E. Sahn, Cornell University; Barbara Boyle Torrey, Population Reference Bureau; E. Fuller Torrey, Stanley Medical Research Institute; Joachim von Braun, University of Bonn; Speciosa Wandira, Concave International; Derrill D. Watson, Cornell University

Author: Eyasu Desta Menamo
Publisher: Anchor Academic Publishing (aap_verlag)
ISBN: 3954897571
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 84

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Book Description
HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, “Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,” has become one of the world’s most serious health and development challenges, since the first cases were reported in 1981: At the end of 2010, an estimated 34 million people were living with HIV globally, including 3.4 million children less than 15 years. The number of people newly infected in 2010 was 2.7 million. Almost all of those living with HIV (97%) reside in low and middle income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa remained the most affected region in the global AIDS epidemic. This regions accounts more than two third (68%) of people living with HIV. Most children with HIV live in this region. Globally, the annual numbers of people newly infected with HIV continues to decline (Global HIV/AIDS Response progress report, 2011).

Author: Nancy Dumais
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789841372
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 92

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Book Description
This edited volume, “Nutrition and HIV/AIDS - Implication for Treatment, Prevention and Cure”, is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters, offering a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field. The book comprises single chapters authored by various researchers and edited by an expert active in the research area. All chapters are complete in themselves but united under a common research study topic. This publication aims at providing a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors and opening new possible research paths for further novel developments.

Author: Saurabh Mehta
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351058185
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 326

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Book Description
The world continues to lose more than a million lives each year to the HIV epidemic, and nearly two million individuals were infected with HIV in 2017 alone. The new Sustainable Development Goals, adopted by countries of the United Nations in September 2015, include a commitment to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. Considerable emphasis on prevention of new infections and treatment of those living with HIV will be needed to make this goal achievable. With nearly 37 million people now living with HIV, it is a communicable disease that behaves like a noncommunicable disease. Nutritional management is integral to comprehensive HIV care and treatment. Improved nutritional status and weight gain can increase recovery and strength of individuals living with HIV/AIDS, improve dietary diversity and caloric intake, and improve quality of life. This book highlights evidence-based research linking nutrition and HIV and identifies research gaps to inform the development of guidelines and policies for the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. A comprehensive approach that includes nutritional interventions is likely to maximize the benefit of antiretroviral therapy in preventing HIV disease progression and other adverse outcomes in HIV-infected men and women. Modification of nutritional status has been shown to enhance the quality of life of those suffering HIV/AIDS, both physically in terms of improved body mass index and immunological markers, and psychologically, by improving symptoms of depression. While the primary focus for those infected should remain on antiretroviral treatment and increasing its availability and coverage, improvement of nutritional status plays a complementary role in the management of HIV infection.

Author: Virginia Bond
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 87

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Book Description
An anthropological study carried out in 2006/7 in rural Zambia and peri-urban South Africa documented the impact of co-infection with TB and HIV on poor households in the context of poverty and overstretched public health services. The anthropological research was conducted in 18 households affected by TB throughout the period of TB treatment and in 17 comparative non-affected households. Findings reveal that families experience disease alongside desperate social and economic inequities, with more absolute poverty and a deeper degree and prevalence of food insecurity in rural Zambia. Charting patient's journeys from falling sick with TB to completing treatment revealed that most faced a protracted diagnostic period, pingponging between treatment options with trips to the government health services the most frequent. Most were extremely sick and emotionally fragile once diagnosed, many had relocated back to their parents' home, and, all were no longer able to contribute to household livelihood. During the first months of TB treatment, patients and caregivers experienced contracted mobility and networks, reduced income and increased expenditure on 'special foods'. Foods prescribed for TB patients were beyond the normal diet of households, especially in rural Zambia. As caregivers did their upmost to provide these foods (soft drinks, meat, eggs, fish, porridge), tensions and food insecurity in the households escalated, often resulting in family quarrels and caregivers themselves falling sick. In peri-urban South Africa, disability grants, food aid from the government health services and chequered food aid and material support from NGOs helped households through this period. But in Zambia, although emotional and technical support reached the households through government health services, a household counselling intervention and visits of church members, no affected household received any food aid or material support from state or NGOs and support from extended kin was very limited. More extreme coping strategies were subsequently adopted--for example selling clothes, begging, relocating--and affected households spun into deeper poverty and by the end of treatment were mostly severely short of food and in nutritional jeopardy. Across both countries, most TB patients were unable to resume previous livelihoods and most (n=13) were co-infected with HIV, throwing them onto another more long term disease trajectory. Accessing antiretroviral therapy (ART) was much more feasible in peri-urban South Africa and much harder in rural Zambia. Stigma related to TB and to HIV was more pronounced in rural Zambia but still persisted in both countries. Outcomes of TB treatment were mixed in both countries. Better outcomes included co-infected patients who started ART and experienced physical and social transformations and HIV-negative TB patients who successfully completed treatment. However, five TB patients died, one fell sick with relapse TB, two co-infected patients never started ART and one patient was not aware of his HIV status and was unwell. In the short term, only one Zambian household and five South African households recovered from the event of TB. Recommendations oscillate around reducing diagnostic delay in government health services and the provision of a comprehensive nutritional programme and social protection for TB patients and people living with HIV (PLWH).