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Author: Nikita Shcheblanov Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
With the appearance of new ultra-short laser systems, extremely high laser intensities became accessible thus allowing laser treatment of practically all materials. As a result, extremely precise processing techniques are under development considerably extending the number of the corresponding industrial and medical applications. Further progress in this field requires a better understanding of fundamental processes involved in the laser interactions. In addition, the success of several national and international involving the development and use of high power laser systems depends on the capacity of careful definition of damage threshold of their optical components. These points illustrate the importance of a detailed numerical modeling of laser interactions with dielectric materials. Under laser irradiation, seed electrons appear in the conduction band of dielectric materials due to photo-ionization process. Colliding with a third-body, these electrons are further heated in laser field. When the threshold electron energy is reached, electron-impact ionization begins. At the same time, the considered laser pulses are so short that electron sub-system has no time to reach an equilibrium state. The resulting optical properties are affected and the definition of the damage criterion should be revised. The proposed approach accounts for the non-equilibrium and provides a detailed description of all the involved processes. In particular, we consider the photo- and impact-ionization processes, as well as electron-electron, electron-phonon and electron-ion collisions. The electron energy distribution and heating of electronic and phonon subsystems is discussed. The role of laser parameters (wavelength, pulse duration, fluence) and material properties (energy gap, band structure) is investigated. The thermalization time is calculated and characterizes the non-equilibrium state as a function of laser pulse duration. A novel thermal criterion is proposed for damage definition based on the electron and phonon energies. The calculated damage thresholds are compared with recent experimental findings. An analysis of other criteria (classical optical breakdown and thermal) is also performed.
Author: Nikita Shcheblanov Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
With the appearance of new ultra-short laser systems, extremely high laser intensities became accessible thus allowing laser treatment of practically all materials. As a result, extremely precise processing techniques are under development considerably extending the number of the corresponding industrial and medical applications. Further progress in this field requires a better understanding of fundamental processes involved in the laser interactions. In addition, the success of several national and international involving the development and use of high power laser systems depends on the capacity of careful definition of damage threshold of their optical components. These points illustrate the importance of a detailed numerical modeling of laser interactions with dielectric materials. Under laser irradiation, seed electrons appear in the conduction band of dielectric materials due to photo-ionization process. Colliding with a third-body, these electrons are further heated in laser field. When the threshold electron energy is reached, electron-impact ionization begins. At the same time, the considered laser pulses are so short that electron sub-system has no time to reach an equilibrium state. The resulting optical properties are affected and the definition of the damage criterion should be revised. The proposed approach accounts for the non-equilibrium and provides a detailed description of all the involved processes. In particular, we consider the photo- and impact-ionization processes, as well as electron-electron, electron-phonon and electron-ion collisions. The electron energy distribution and heating of electronic and phonon subsystems is discussed. The role of laser parameters (wavelength, pulse duration, fluence) and material properties (energy gap, band structure) is investigated. The thermalization time is calculated and characterizes the non-equilibrium state as a function of laser pulse duration. A novel thermal criterion is proposed for damage definition based on the electron and phonon energies. The calculated damage thresholds are compared with recent experimental findings. An analysis of other criteria (classical optical breakdown and thermal) is also performed.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 26
Book Description
The interaction of intense, femtosecond (fsec) laser pulses with a dielectric medium is examined using a numerical simulation. The simulation uses the 1-D electromagnetic wave equation to model laser pulse propagation. In addition, it includes multiphoton ionization, electron attachment, ohmic heating of free electrons, and temperature dependent collisional ionization. Laser pulses considered in this study are characterized by peak intensities 10(exp 12) to 10(exp 14) W/sq cm and pulse durations ^10 to 100 fsec. These laser pulses, interacting with fused silica, are shown to produce above-critical plasma densities and electron energy densities sufficient to attain experimentally measured damage thresholds. Significant transmission of laser energy is observed even in cases where the peak plasma density is above the critical density for reflection. A damage fluence based on absorbed laser energy is calculated for various pulse durations. The calculated damage fluence is found to be consistent with recent experimental results.
Author: Bernd Bauerhenne Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030851354 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 554
Book Description
This book presents a unified view of the response of materials as a result of femtosecond laser excitation, introducing a general theory that captures both ultrashort-time non-thermal and long-time thermal phenomena. It includes a novel method for performing ultra-large-scale molecular dynamics simulations extending into experimental and technological spatial dimensions with ab-initio precision. For this, it introduces a new class of interatomic potentials, constructed from ab-initio data with the help of a self-learning algorithm, and verified by direct comparison with experiments in two different materials — the semiconductor silicon and the semimetal antimony. In addition to a detailed description of the new concepts introduced, as well as giving a timely review of ultrafast phenomena, the book provides a rigorous introduction to the field of laser–matter interaction and ab-initio description of solids, delivering a complete and self-contained examination of the topic from the very first principles. It explains, step by step from the basic physical principles, the underlying concepts in quantum mechanics, solid-state physics, thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and electrodynamics, introducing all necessary mathematical theorems as well as their proofs. A collection of appendices provide the reader with an appropriate review of many fundamental mathematical concepts, as well as important analytical and numerical parameters used in the simulations.
Author: Eugene G. Gamaly Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000522830 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 294
Book Description
This book describes the ultra-short laser–matter interactions from the subtle atomic motion to the generation of extreme pressures inside the bulk of a transparent crystal. It is the successor to Femtosecond Laser–Matter Interactions: Theory, Experiment and Applications (2011). Explanation and experimental verification of the exceptional technique for the phase transformations under high pressure are in the core of the book. The novel phase formation occurs along the unique solid-plasmasolid transformation path: the memory of the initial state is lost after conversion to plasma. New phase forms from chaos during the cooling to the ambient. The pressure-affected material remains detained inside a pristine crystal at the laboratory tabletop. Unique super-dense aluminium and new phases of silicon were created by the confined micro-explosions. The text also describes the recent studies that used the quasi-non-diffracting Bessel beams. The applications comprise the new high-pressure material formation and micromachining. The book is an appealing source for readers interested in the cutting-edge research exploring extreme conditions and creating nanostructures at the laboratory tabletop.
Author: Eugene G. Gamaly Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9814241814 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 370
Book Description
This is the first comprehensive treatment of the interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with solids at nonrelativistic intensity. It connects phenomena from the subtle atomic motion on the nanoscale to the generation of extreme pressure and temperature in the interaction zone confined inside a solid. The femtosecond laser-matter interaction has already found numerous applications in industry, medicine, and materials science. However, there is no consensus on the interpretation of related phenomena. With mathematics kept to a minimum, this is a highly engaging and readable treatment for students and researchers in science and engineering. The book avoids complex mathematical formulae, and hence the content is accessible to nontechnical readers. Useful summaries after each chapter provide compressed information for quick estimates of major parameters in planned or performed experiments. The book connects the basic physics of femtosecond laser-solid interactions to a broad range of applications. Throught the text, basic assumptions are derived from the first principles, and new results and ideas are presented. From such analyses, a qualitative and predictive framework for the field emerges, the impact of which on applications is also discussed.
Author: Eugene G. Gamaly Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9814267805 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 350
Book Description
This is the first comprehensive treatment of the interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with solids at nonrelativistic intensity. It connects phenomena from the subtle atomic motion on the nanoscale to the generation of extreme pressure and temperature in the interaction zone confined inside a solid. The femtosecond laser-matter interaction has al
Author: Roberto Osellame Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 364223366X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 485
Book Description
Femtosecond laser micromachining of transparent material is a powerful and versatile technology. In fact, it can be applied to several materials. It is a maskless technology that allows rapid device prototyping, has intrinsic three-dimensional capabilities and can produce both photonic and microfluidic devices. For these reasons it is ideally suited for the fabrication of complex microsystems with unprecedented functionalities. The book is mainly focused on micromachining of transparent materials which, due to the nonlinear absorption mechanism of ultrashort pulses, allows unique three-dimensional capabilities and can be exploited for the fabrication of complex microsystems with unprecedented functionalities.This book presents an overview of the state of the art of this rapidly emerging topic with contributions from leading experts in the field, ranging from principles of nonlinear material modification to fabrication techniques and applications to photonics and optofluidics.
Author: Naveen Kumar Kondameedi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Femtochemistry Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
"Damage caused by ultrashort laser intense light pulses generated in Femtosecond regime in metals and dielectrics at high fluence values limits the performance of these high power short laser pulses. The geometrical parameters, such as diameter, depth, etc., and the morphologies of the ablated areas are strongly influenced by the number of pulses, pulse duration and the spatial beam profile of the laser. In this work, major theoretical models of ablation mechanism in metals [3, 8] and dielectrics [9, 10], physics behind formation of ripples [11] are discussed...and the experimental details of machining parameters are presented"--Introduction, leaf 7.
Author: John Dowden Publisher: Springer ISBN: 331956711X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 442
Book Description
The revised edition of this important reference volume presents an expanded overview of the analytical and numerical approaches employed when exploring and developing modern laser materials processing techniques. The book shows how general principles can be used to obtain insight into laser processes, whether derived from fundamental physical theory or from direct observation of experimental results. The book gives readers an understanding of the strengths and limitations of simple numerical and analytical models that can then be used as the starting-point for more elaborate models of specific practical, theoretical or commercial value. Following an introduction to the mathematical formulation of some relevant classes of physical ideas, the core of the book consists of chapters addressing key applications in detail: cutting, keyhole welding, drilling, arc and hybrid laser-arc welding, hardening, cladding and forming. The second edition includes a new a chapter on glass cutting with lasers, as employed in the display industry. A further addition is a chapter on meta-modelling, whose purpose is to construct fast, simple and reliable models based on appropriate sources of information. It then makes it easy to explore data visually and is a convenient interactive tool for scientists to improve the quality of their models and for developers when designing their processes. As in the first edition, the book ends with an updated introduction to comprehensive numerical simulation. Although the book focuses on laser interactions with materials, many of the principles and methods explored can be applied to thermal modelling in a variety of different fields and at different power levels. It is aimed principally however at academic and industrial researchers and developers in the field of laser technology.
Author: Nikita Shcheblanov
Author: Nikita Shcheblanov
Author: 
Author: Bernd Bauerhenne
Author: Eugene G. Gamaly
Author: Alexandros Mouskeftaras
Author: Eugene G. Gamaly
Author: Eugene G. Gamaly
Author: Roberto Osellame
Author: Naveen Kumar Kondameedi
Author: John Dowden