Numerical Analysis of an Electro-optic Polymer Core Wave Guide for High-speed Optical Modulation PDF Download

Author: Michael Vernon Pack
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fiber optics
Languages : en
Pages : 128

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Author: Tetsuya Kawanishi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303086720X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 241

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Book Description
This textbook provides comprehensive and detailed information on electro-optic modulation, which plays important roles in lightwave networks including optical fiber links, visible ray communications, fiber-wireless, etc. The first part of this book describes roles and basic functions of optical modulators as well as various modulation schemes. The second part is on mathematical expressions dedicated to optical modulation, where sideband generation are clearly described. In conclusion, this book provides useful information for device and system technologies, and helps in understanding fundamental issues on telecommunication systems as well as electro-optic devices. Contents in this book provide valuable information for engineering students in telecommunications. It also gives useful examples of applied mathematics using Bessel functions. It is ideal for upper undergraduate and graduate level classes. Provides comprehensive mathematical expressions dedicated to optical phase modulation based electro-optic effect; Presents practical knowledge of optical modulators as well as basic theory on modulator operation; Includes classroom materials including software and PowerPoint slides for easy integration into curriculum.

Author: Antonio Arthur Davis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Optical wave guides
Languages : en
Pages : 192

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Book Description
To fully utilize the advances of electro-optic (EO) polymer research, a detail design and model of a triple stacked poled-polymer, electro-optic waveguide modulator was developed to provide guidance in the selection of cladding layers and demonstrate how the mode conditions affect the overall device performance. Waveguide devices depend not only on the EO materials used in the core, but also on the cladding materials. In contrast to most of the research that has focused on molecular engineering of the electro-optically active materials to improve the core properties of the waveguide, this work studied the effects of cladding material properties to improve overall device performance of an electro-optic waveguide modulator. Various, commercially available polymer materials were identified and investigated for potential cladding layers according to their optical, electrical, process ability and film casting properties. A poled-polymer, strip-loaded waveguide, EO modulator is designed and analyzed in terms of single mode conditions, optical loss due to the metal electrodes, modulation efficiency, and mode size. Two designs were compared: Design 1 optimized the half-wave voltage for a single-arm modulator (Vpi = 2.5 V) with a nearly symmetric waveguide by maximizing modulation efficiency and minimizing the overall thickness of the waveguide; Design 2 optimized the insertion loss (6 dB) with a strongly asymmetric waveguide by maximizing the overall mode size to most efficiently overlap with a single mode fiber. High frequency analysis of a microstrip electrode showed a modulator with a push-pull scheme can be fabricated with half-wave voltage (Vpi) of 4.0 V for Design 1 and 5.1 V for Design 2 at 3 GHz. Some general guidelines in the design of a poled-polymer electro-optic modulator incorporating a strip-loaded waveguide structure are suggested. First, the core layer thickness and ridge width supporting single mode propagation should be fabricated as large as possible by increases the asymmetry of the refractive index between the top and bottom cladding layer. Second, the thicknesses of the top and bottom cladding layers must be optimized through an analysis of the waveguide mode amplitude distribution so that the electrode-associated optical loss is minimized to a required level while simultaneously the total thickness of the waveguide is minimized. The ridge structure greatly simplifies fabrication procedures, reduces fabrication steps and eliminates propagation losses due to roughness of etched sidewalls. The results of the analysis were modeled in beam propagation software to confirm the ideal conditions for single mode propagation.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 500

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Author: Kheng-Lim Goh
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0081027311
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 584

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Book Description
Interfaces in Particle and Fibre-Reinforced Composites: From Macro- to Nanoscale addresses recent research findings on the particle-matrix interface at different length scales. The book's main focus is on the reinforcement of materials by particles that can result in a composite material of high stiffness and strength, but it also focuses on how the particle interacts with the (matrix) material, which may be a polymer, biological-based material, ceramic or conventional metal. The different types of particle reinforced composites are discussed, as is load transfer at the particle-matrix interface. Readers will learn how to select materials and about particle structure. Significant progress has been made in applying these approaches, thus making this book a timely piece on recent research findings on the particle-matrix interface at different length scales. - Features wide coverage, from polymer, to ceramics and metal-based particulate composites - Structured in a logical order to cover fundamental studies, computer simulations, experimental techniques and characterization

Author: José Antonio Ibarra Fusté
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 146

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Book Description
Electro-optical traveling wave modulators (EO-TWM) are basic building blocks of the optical communications industry which is leading a revolution in the way we communicate, work and live. As a result, the demand for high-speed data transmission with low driving voltage is continuously growing up with costs that should be kept below a minimum. Besides communications, a growing number of applications for EO-TWM is continuously emerging with equally stringent requirements. This Thesis is concerned with advances in the eld of systematic design and optimization of EO-TWM for coping inverse of the velocity matching constant has been shown to govern the low-loss limit (LL), while in the velocity matching limit (VM), a constant bandwidth times squared-length rule proportional to the inverse of the squared loss constant has been found more appropriate. In this work we provide insights into the trade-o issue in EO-TWM, and a complete picture of the applicable gures of merit for every operative range. Besides the known LL and VM gures of merit, two intermediate ranges, the quasi-low loss (QLL) and the quasi-velocity matching (QVM), have been identi ed. Also novel closed-forms expressions fully accounting for the e ffects of the skin-e ffect electrode loss and optical-electrical wave velocity mismatch, explicitly relating the operative bandwidth and the electrode length in EO-TWM, have been found. Novel bandwidth and electrode-length charts have been created, which constitute a useful tool for the optimization and design of this modulators. A graphical interface tool called MZM-GIT has been built integrating the analytical optimization and design strategies developed throughout the Thesis. With the aid of the MZM-GIT, several proposals of optimized MZM designs based on practical structures described in literature, and also based on the industry trends, are made and analyzed. with the industrial demands. In EO-TWM, the accumulated electro-optic e ect over the optical wave grows with the co-propagated traveling wave (TW) length, allowing to reduce the required RF driving power. However, in typical electro-optic materials for modulators, among which LiNbO3 stands up, due to the natural mismatch between the velocity of the RF and the optical waves, the modulation bandwidth decreases with the TW length, giving place to a well-known trade-o ff. In typical LiNbO3 substrates, in which this Thesis is focused, this trade-off is seen to mainly depend on the values of the electrical loss constant and the e ective wave velocity mismatch in the TW structure that forms the electrodes, usually a coplanar waveguide (CPW). Special emphasis has historically been placed on the optimized design of the CPW in EO-TWM. In this Thesis the study of closed-form expressions for the propagation parameters of CPW as a function of the geometry, has proven useful for the design and optimization procedures sought. Although some interesting approaches to closed-form formulations have been found in literature, none of them completely ful lls the desired requirements of providing a reliable yet simple description of propagation in CPW, appropriate to systematic and easy to follow design rules for EO-TWM, and therefore new simpli ed closed-form expressions for the CPW transmission parameters have been developed. In a second part of the Thesis, the bandwidth-length trade-off has been examined. To date, two bandwidth-length rules have been proposed: a constant bandwidth-length product proportional to the inverse of the velocity matching constant has been shown to govern the low-loss limit (LL), while in the velocity matching limit (VM), a constant bandwidth times squared-length rule proportional to the inverse of the squared loss constant has been found more appropriate. In this work we provide insights into the trade-off issue in EO-TWM, and a complete picture of the applicable fi gures of merit for every operative range. Besides the known LL and VM gures of merit, two intermediate ranges, the quasi-low loss (QLL) and the quasi-velocity matching (QVM), have been identi ed. Also novel closed-forms expressions fully accounting for the e ffects of the skin-eff ect electrode loss and optical-electrical wave velocity mismatch, explicitly relating the operative bandwidth and the electrode length in EO-TWM, have been found. Novel bandwidth and electrode-length charts have been created, which constitute a useful tool for the optimization and design of this modulators. A graphical interface tool called MZM-GIT has been built integrating the analytical optimization and design strategies developed throughout the Thesis. With the aid of the MZM-GIT, several proposals of optimized MZM designs based on practical structures described in literature, and also based on the industry trends, are made and analyzed.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electrical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1904

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Author: Katsunari Okamoto
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080455069
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 578

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Book Description
Fundamentals of Optical Waveguides is an essential resource for any researcher, professional or student involved in optics and communications engineering. Any reader interested in designing or actively working with optical devices must have a firm grasp of the principles of lightwave propagation. Katsunari Okamoto has presented this difficult technology clearly and concisely with several illustrations and equations. Optical theory encompassed in this reference includes coupled mode theory, nonlinear optical effects, finite element method, beam propagation method, staircase concatenation method, along with several central theorems and formulas. Since the publication of the well-received first edition of this book, planar lightwave circuits and photonic crystal fibers have fully matured. With this second edition the advances of these fibers along with other improvements on existing optical technologies are completely detailed. This comprehensive volume enables readers to fully analyze, design and simulate optical atmospheres. - Exceptional new chapter on Arrayed-Waveguide Grating (AWG) - In-depth discussion of Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCFs) - Thorough explanation of Multimode Interference Devices (MMI) - Full coverage of polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD)

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Physics
Languages : en
Pages : 1334

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Author: Carl W. Dirk
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 135146180X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 914

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Book Description
""Furnishes table of nonlinear optical properties of organic substances as well as experimental procedures for measuring the nonlinearity of the elements tabulated, including composite materials-offering support for scientists and engineers involved in characterizing, optimizing, and producing materials for manufacturing optical devices.