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Author: Christopher John Frangieh Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 51
Book Description
Portable, non-invasive sensors of tissue fluid distribution would aid in diagnosis of fluid volume disorders and inform therapeutic decisions across diverse patient populations. Existing techniques are inaccurate, invasive, or easily confounded by patient physiology. Single-sided magnetic resonance (MR) devices could provide a portable, low-cost platform for localized measurements of fluid distribution. This thesis demonstrates a single-sided MR sensor that can quantify fluid distribution of heterogeneous samples via depth-resolved, diffusion-weighted, multicomponent T2 relaxometry. Validation using synthetic tissue phantoms, ex vivo tissue samples, and an in vivo edema model is presented. Estimation of tissue fractions in heterogeneous samples with 2% error and tissue layer thickness with 0.1 mm error is demonstrated. The sensor can identify onset, progression, and recovery of muscle edema despite the presence of a confounding subcutaneous tissue layer. These methods can provide point-of-care diagnostics for fluid distribution disorders such as end-stage renal disease and dehydration.
Author: Christopher John Frangieh Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 51
Book Description
Portable, non-invasive sensors of tissue fluid distribution would aid in diagnosis of fluid volume disorders and inform therapeutic decisions across diverse patient populations. Existing techniques are inaccurate, invasive, or easily confounded by patient physiology. Single-sided magnetic resonance (MR) devices could provide a portable, low-cost platform for localized measurements of fluid distribution. This thesis demonstrates a single-sided MR sensor that can quantify fluid distribution of heterogeneous samples via depth-resolved, diffusion-weighted, multicomponent T2 relaxometry. Validation using synthetic tissue phantoms, ex vivo tissue samples, and an in vivo edema model is presented. Estimation of tissue fractions in heterogeneous samples with 2% error and tissue layer thickness with 0.1 mm error is demonstrated. The sensor can identify onset, progression, and recovery of muscle edema despite the presence of a confounding subcutaneous tissue layer. These methods can provide point-of-care diagnostics for fluid distribution disorders such as end-stage renal disease and dehydration.
Author: Matthew Li (Ph. D.) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 154
Book Description
Fluid volume status is a physiologic parameter that currently lacks a reliable diagnostic tool. Volume control becomes an issue during sickness and/or stress (physical and mental) in a wide range of populations. Unfortunately, current diagnostics suffer from being imprecise, invasive, and/or easily confounded and cannot unambiguously and practically inform volume status. There exists a need for a tool that can inform individuals and clinicians of fluid status in a noninvasive, rapid, and reliable manner. Drawing on the molecular sensitivity of IH nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), we explored the ability of NMR methods to quantitate physiologic fluid volume changes. We first proved that NMR methods could detect volume changes in an animal model of dehydration. Correlation between NMR value changes in specific tissues and clinical tools used to assess dehydration validate NMR as a viable tool. We then proceeded to design and fabricate practical NMR sensors that could be easily integrated into the clinic. New methods of magnetic instrument design optimized for both field strength and spatial resolution were developed resulting in compact device prototypes with signal fidelity rivaling those of impractical commercial systems. Finally, we explored the ability of these devices to detect intravascular fluid changes during hemodialysis. Our methods and devices were able to detect intravascular blood property changes associated with blood dilution, in addition to overall fluid volume changes due to hemodialysis therapy. These results, methods, and devices provide the foundation and framework for the integration of NMR-based personalized fluid volume assessment into standard clinical practice.
Author: Madan M Kaila Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0123847125 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 517
Book Description
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used to visualize detailed internal structure of the body. This book discusses the recent developments in the field of MRI and its application to the diagnosis of human brain disorders. In addition, it reviews the newly emerging concepts and technology, based on the multi-coherence imaging (MQCI). It explains how computer packages can be used to generate images in diseased states and compare them to in vivo results. This will help improve the diagnosis of brain disorders based on the real-time events happening on atomic and molecular quantum levels. This is important since quantum-based MRI would enable clinicians to detect brain tumors at the very early stages. Uses practical examples to explain the techniques - making it easier to understand the concepts Uses diagrams to explain the physics behind the technique - avoiding the use of complicated mathematical formulae
Author: Ashvin Reddy Bashyam Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 107
Book Description
Rapid, sensitive, and minimally invasive sensing of metabolites, chemicals, and biological molecules within tissue is a largely unsolved problem. Sensing molecular oxygen, pH, and water content is of particular interest as they have been shown to be useful for improving disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring in a diverse range of medical fields including trauma, solid tumor cancers, tissue grafts, wound healing, dehydration, athletic performance, and congestive heart failure. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) offers a non-ionizing, rapid, repeatable, and molecularly sensitive measurement technique for chemical sensing. Existing hardware for highly versatile single sided measurement systems is insufficient for clinical use due to constraints on the size and shape of samples that can be measured, inadequate magnetic field performance, and low sensitivity. This thesis describes the development of a portable, single-sided NMR system for research and clinical use. A magnet assembly based on a linear Halbach array was developed to produce a large, remote, and uniform field. Suitable impedance matching circuitry was designed and constructed to efficiently transmit signals between NMR probes and a radiofrequency spectrometer. This system is suitable for use in NMR measurement within a clinical environment.
Author: Federico Casanova Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642163076 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 254
Book Description
This book describes the design of the first functioning single-sided tomograph, the related measurement methods, and a number of applications in medicine, materials science, and chemical engineering. It will be the first comprehensive account of this new device and its applications. Among the key advances of this method is that images can be obtained in much shorter times than originally anticipated, and that even vector maps of flow fields can be measured although the magnetic fields are highly inhomogeneous. Furthermore, the equipment is small, mobile and affordable to small and medium enterprises and can be located in doctors’ offices.
Author: Evangelos Tsotsas Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527643990 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 431
Book Description
This five-volume series provides a comprehensive overview of all important aspects of modern drying technology, concentrating on the transfer of cutting-edge research results to industrial use. Volume 3 discusses how desired properties of foods, biomaterials, active pharmaceutical ingredients, and fragile aerogels can be preserved during drying, and how spray drying and spray fluidized bed processes can be used for particle formation and formulation. Methods for monitoring product quality, such as process analytical technology, and modeling tools, such as Monte Carlo simulations, discrete particle modeling and neural networks, are presented with real examples from industry and academia.
Author: Toshiomi Yoshida Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527800603 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 656
Book Description
A comprehensive overview of the topic, highlighting recent developments, ongoing research trends and future directions. Experts from Europe, Asia and the US cover five core areas of imminent importance to the food, feed, pharmaceutical and water treatment industries in terms of sustainable and innovative processing and production. In the field of enzyme engineering, they summarize historic developments and provide an overview of molecular enzyme engineering, while also discussing key principles of microbial process engineering, including chapters on process development and control. Further sections deal with animal and plant cell culture engineering. The final section of the book deals with environmental topics and highlights the application of bioengineering principles in waste treatment and the recovery of valuable resources. With its cutting-edge visions, extensive discussions and unique perspectives, this is a ready reference for biotechnologists, bioengineers, bioengineers, biotechnological institutes, and environmental chemists.
Author: Bernhard Blümich Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 3110374587 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 305
Book Description
The goal of this book is to provide an introduction to the practical use of mobile NMR at a level as basic as the operation of a smart phone. Each description follows the same didactic pattern: introduction, basic theory, pulse sequences and parameters, beginners-level measurements, advanced-level measurements, and data processing. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is the most popular method for chemists to analyze molecular structures while Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive diagnostic tool for medical doctors that provides high-contrast images of biological tissue depicting the brain function and the beating heart. In both applications large super-conducting magnets are employed which magnetize atomic nuclei of an object positioned inside the magnet. Their circulating motion is interrogated by radio-frequency waves. Depending on the operating mode, the frequency spectrum provides the chemist with molecular information, the medical doctor with anatomic images, while the materials scientist is interested in NMR relaxation parameters, which scale with material properties and determine the contrast in magnetic resonance images. Recent advances in magnet technology led to a variety of small permanent magnets, by which NMR spectra, images, and relaxation parameters can be measured with mobile and low-cost instruments.
Author: Christopher John Frangieh
Author: Christopher John Frangieh
Author: Matthew Li (Ph. D.)
Author: Robert H. Morris
Author: Madan M Kaila
Author: Ashvin Reddy Bashyam
Author: Federico Casanova
Author: 
Author: Evangelos Tsotsas
Author: Toshiomi Yoshida
Author: Bernhard Blümich