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Author: Katsura Fukui Publisher: ISBN: Category : Detectors Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
This paper was written primarily for the technicians who handle nuclear emulsions. It covers some of the fundamental techniques for the daily use of nuclear emulsion in the laboratory. Although some newly developed methods are included, most effort was devoted to giving further detail on already established methods. Techniques for preparing the emulsion sample, exposing the emulsion to radiation, processing the emulsion, photomicrography, scanning, and measuring are described in simple language.
Author: Katsura Fukui Publisher: ISBN: Category : Detectors Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
This paper was written primarily for the technicians who handle nuclear emulsions. It covers some of the fundamental techniques for the daily use of nuclear emulsion in the laboratory. Although some newly developed methods are included, most effort was devoted to giving further detail on already established methods. Techniques for preparing the emulsion sample, exposing the emulsion to radiation, processing the emulsion, photomicrography, scanning, and measuring are described in simple language.
Author: Christian W. Fabjan Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030353184 Category : Elementary particles (Physics). Languages : en Pages : 1083
Book Description
This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Author: Katsura Fukui Publisher: ISBN: Category : Nuclear emulsion Languages : en Pages : 122
Book Description
The paper was written primarily for the technicians who handle nuclear emulsions. It covers some of the fundamental techniques for the daily use of nuclear emulsion in the laboratory. Although some newly developed methods are included, most effort was devoted to giving further detail on already established methods. Techniques for preparing the emulsion sample, exposing the emulsion to radiation, processing the emulsion, photomicrography, scanning and measuring are described in simple language. (Author).
Author: Fukui Katsura Publisher: ISBN: Category : Detectors Languages : en Pages : 68
Book Description
This report covers the fundamental techniques for handling plastic detectors. It also covers the method for analyzing the events recorded in the detectors. As in the previous report on the nuclear emulsion technique, K. Fukui (1972), the information is limited to the practical techniques that the laboratory technicians should know. Included are descriptions on various kinds of plastic materials, preparation for the exposure, irradiation method, scanning, and analysis of the events.
Author: K. Niwa Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 24
Book Description
The advantages of using nuclear emulsion as a particle detector are well known. The high resolution of emulsion has made it a medium of choice for a number of applications where the required spatial and angular resolution are paramount and its limitations due to the lack of timing information are less important. Emulsions are commonly used as cosmic ray detectors and have found applications in high energy experiments for detecting short lived particles such as charm, beauty and tau. The addition of electronic detectors to emulsion experiments solved the problem of the lack of timing information in the emulsion, but it was the development of automatic scanning machines that revolutionized the use of these hybrid detectors, making them capable of performing even in high rate environments. Most recently, The DONuT experiment (FNAL-E872), used a hybrid emulsion spectrometer to make the first direct observation of tau neutrino interactions [1]. The CNGS facility is being constructed to deliver a {nu}{sub {mu}} beam from the CERN SPS to the Gran Sasso Laboratory. Since it is believed that {nu}{sub {mu}} {leftrightarrow} {nu}{sub {tau}} oscillations explain the observed atmospheric {nu}{sub {mu}} deficit, the CNGS beam, coupled with a detector capable of observing {tau} appearance is an important experiment in the context of the world wide effort to determine the neutrino mass mixing matrix. The OPERA detector has been optimized to detect a significant sample of {nu}{sub {tau}} interactions by the subsequent observation of {tau} production and decay [2]. The OPERA target is a massive emulsion detector made in a sandwich structure of lead plates and layers of nuclear emulsion. For historical reasons this arrangement has been called an Emulsion Cloud Chamber or ECC. The ECC concept, which has many advantages over the use of bulk emulsion, has been used in the DONuT experiment. The ECC detector is capable of measuring all of the tracks, not due to nuclear fragments, coming from the primary neutrino interaction vertex, with their three dimensional slopes and momenta. It is also capable of electron identification with good e/{gamma} separation, due to its very fine segmentation. The OPERA ECC target modules are constructed as bricks of dimensions 12.5 x 10.0 x 7.5 cm{sup 3} in horizontal, vertical and along the beam axis. Each brick consists of series of 56 (1 mm thick) plates of passive material (lead or iron) alternated with emulsion films (43 {micro}m emulsion layer on both sides of a transparent 200 {micro}m thick plastic film). In preparation for OPERA we would like to expose the OPERA target modules to a beam of neutrinos. This will allow us to test many of our analysis procedures and techniques as well as to validate the simulation of neutrino interactions, both for the production of forward and backward particles. Although the HE (high energy) beam of NuMI would be a better match to the CNGS energy, data acquired with NuMI LE (low energy) beam would serve the same purpose, albeit more challenging. Given the high interaction rate from the NuMI beam, the test detector target mass can be kept low and additional detectors can easily be built around a small target. These measurements are not possible in the CNGS beam, since it has no short baseline hall.
Author: László Oláh Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 111972306X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 688
Book Description
A technique for visualizing Earth's subsurface at high resolution Hidden out of sight in Earth’s subsurface are a range of geophysical structures, processes, and material movements. Muography is a passive and non-destructive remote sensing technique that visualizes the internal structure of solid geological structures at high resolution, similar in process to X-ray radiography of human bodies. Muography: Exploring Earth's Subsurface with Elementary Particles explores the application of this imaging technique in the geosciences and how it can complement conventional geophysical observations. Volume highlights include: Principles of muography and pioneering works in the field Different approaches for muographic image processing Observing volcanic structures and activity with muography Using muography for geophysical exploration and mining engineering Potential environmental applications of muography Latest technological developments in muography The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Author: Hermann Kolanoski Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0191899232 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 949
Book Description
This book describes the fundamentals of particle detectors as well as their applications. Detector development is an important part of nuclear, particle and astroparticle physics, and through its applications in radiation imaging, it paves the way for advancements in the biomedical and materials sciences. Knowledge in detector physics is one of the required skills of an experimental physicist in these fields. The breadth of knowledge required for detector development comprises many areas of physics and technology, starting from interactions of particles with matter, gas- and solid-state physics, over charge transport and signal development, to elements of microelectronics. The book's aim is to describe the fundamentals of detectors and their different variants and implementations as clearly as possible and as deeply as needed for a thorough understanding. While this comprehensive opus contains all the materials taught in experimental particle physics lectures or modules addressing detector physics at the Master's level, it also goes well beyond these basic requirements. This is an essential text for students who want to deepen their knowledge in this field. It is also a highly useful guide for lecturers and scientists looking for a starting point for detector development work.
Author: H. Schopper Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642036058 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 449
Book Description
Competent experts provide a summary of the enormous progress achieved in the development of new detection methods of charged and neutral particles, and photons. These achievements were initiated by the advent of new particle colliders, e.g., the LHC at CERN, but also by non-accelerator experiments. Part 1 of Subvolume B reviews the interaction of particle radiation with matter, and describes particle detectors, like, e.g., scintillation, gaseous, solid state, time-of-flight, Cerenkov, transition radiation, and neutrino detectors. Calorimetry and nuclear emulsions are considered as well. Finally, signal processing for particle detectors, data treatment and analysis methods (including detector simulation, high-level data selection, pattern recognition, distributed computing, and statistical issues) are addressed.
Author: Katsura Fukui
Author: Katsura Fukui
Author: Herman Bobby van der Raay
Author: Christian W. Fabjan
Author: Katsura Fukui
Author: Fukui Katsura
Author: K. Niwa
Author: László Oláh
Author: Hal Hellman
Author: Hermann Kolanoski
Author: H. Schopper