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Author: B. Ashok Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128242280 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 488
Book Description
NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines: Approaches Toward NOx Free Automobiles presents the fundamental theory of emission formation, particularly the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and its chemical reactions and control techniques. The book provides a simplified framework for technical literature on NOx reduction strategies in IC engines, highlighting thermodynamics, combustion science, automotive emissions and environmental pollution control. Sections cover the toxicity and roots of emissions for both SI and CI engines and the formation of various emissions such as CO, SO2, HC, NOx, soot, and PM from internal combustion engines, along with various methods of NOx formation. Topics cover the combustion process, engine design parameters, and the application of exhaust gas recirculation for NOx reduction, making this book ideal for researchers and students in automotive, mechanical, mechatronics and chemical engineering students working in the field of emission control techniques. Covers advanced and recent technologies and emerging new trends in NOx reduction for emission control Highlights the effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on engine performance parameters Discusses emission norms such as EURO VI and Bharat stage VI in reducing global air pollution due to engine emissions
Author: B. Ashok Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128242280 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 488
Book Description
NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines: Approaches Toward NOx Free Automobiles presents the fundamental theory of emission formation, particularly the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and its chemical reactions and control techniques. The book provides a simplified framework for technical literature on NOx reduction strategies in IC engines, highlighting thermodynamics, combustion science, automotive emissions and environmental pollution control. Sections cover the toxicity and roots of emissions for both SI and CI engines and the formation of various emissions such as CO, SO2, HC, NOx, soot, and PM from internal combustion engines, along with various methods of NOx formation. Topics cover the combustion process, engine design parameters, and the application of exhaust gas recirculation for NOx reduction, making this book ideal for researchers and students in automotive, mechanical, mechatronics and chemical engineering students working in the field of emission control techniques. Covers advanced and recent technologies and emerging new trends in NOx reduction for emission control Highlights the effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on engine performance parameters Discusses emission norms such as EURO VI and Bharat stage VI in reducing global air pollution due to engine emissions
Author: A. Tomita Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 9780080440897 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 340
Book Description
Over the past decade the topic of emissions reduction and control has remained an important area of research due to the enforcement of various Government policies in an attempt to minimize the impact on the environment. One area in which a great deal of research has been conducted to address this policy is NOx/SOx suppression. However, despite the progress that has been made over this time period, further research into the most effective method of reducing NOx/SOx emissions is still urgently required. In developed countries, a more stringent requirement in the level of emissions (such as is NOx/SOx component of less than 10ppm) will be enforced in the near future. Developing countries will also need a new technology that is effective and that is suited to each countries needs. Additional research and development efforts are thus necessary to meet such requirements. This compendium contains a collection of key papers themed around NOx/SOx emissions from combustion of hydrocarbon resources and the attempts to secure an efficient and effective method for reducing these emissions. These key papers are taken from the journals Fuel, Fuel Processing Technology and Progress in Energy and Combustion Science.
Author: Publisher: World Health Organization ISBN: Category : House & Home Languages : en Pages : 488
Book Description
This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of public health from risks due to a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered in this review, i.e. benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene), radon, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, have indoor sources, are known in respect of their hazardousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of health concern. The guidelines are targeted at public health professionals involved in preventing health risks of environmental exposures, as well as specialists and authorities involved in the design and use of buildings, indoor materials and products. They provide a scientific basis for legally enforceable standards.
Author: Bhardwaj, Sachin Publisher: ISBN: 9780778530381 Category : Air Languages : en Pages : 42
Book Description
The purpose of this study is to estimate nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions for 2000 into the atmosphere by industrial processes in the Alberta upstream oil & gas sector. It also identifies the degree of penetration of cleaner technologies into the sector. The introduction reviews the significance of NOx in the environment and notes the major source of the sector's NOx emissions, namely the natural gas-fired compressor engines used for natural gas transport. Section 2 compiles information from various air pollution inventories that have been conducted in Alberta to obtain NOx emission estimates for comparison. Section 3 reviews the emission characteristics of the sector's NOx sources, presents NOx emission factors for these sources as reported in previous studies, and summarizes available emission reduction technologies. Section 4 describes the development of a database on the sector's compressor engines and shows the method used to calculate NOx emissions from the database information. The final section presents the results of NOx emissions calculations for the upstream oil & gas industry, taking into account three sources: reciprocating engines, gas turbines, and heaters & boilers. Since the database includes location information for each emission source, the NOx emissions are also estimated for each of Alberta's census divisions to show their spatial distribution.
Author: L. Grant Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080874800 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1125
Book Description
Studies in Environmental Science, Volume 21: Air Pollution by Nitrogen Oxides presents the proceedings of the US–Dutch International Symposium on Nitrogen Oxide, held in Maastricht, The Netherlands on May 24–28, 1982. This book provides research and development information related to the national and international policies on nitrogen oxides in the United States, The Netherland, Japan, and elsewhere in Europe. Organized into five sessions encompassing 94 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the atmospheric cycle of nitrogen oxide in terms of source strength, destruction rates, and atmospheric chemistry. This text then examines the fundamental physical and chemical processes involved in the formation of nitrogen oxides. Other chapters consider the regional pulmonary deposition of nitrogen dioxide in man, guinea pigs, rats, and rabbits by using a general mathematical model formulation for the transport of gases in the lungs. This book discusses as well the emission control methods and systems with low nitrogen oxide capability for possible application in The Netherlands and other parts of Europe. This book is a valuable resource for government administrative officials, research scientists, air pollution control experts, and students.
Author: Zixian Wang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Air pollution can harm us when it accumulates in the air in high enough concentrations. Nitrogen oxides (NOx), especially nitrogen dioxide (NO2), are increasingly of concern due to the environmental and health problems they cause. This reviews the recent literature on the reasons and impacts of NOx pollution as well as ozone pollution related to NOx emissions. A review of the impacts of transportation is provided as it pertains to various types of NOx pollution. To improve the air quality, the recent research focuses on how suitable monitoring methods can be used to more economically and precisely collect data on pollution concentrations. Multiple researchers have explored low-cost monitors. Other research explores more convenient ways to eliminate NOx pollution to improve air quality. Regarding the impact of transportation on NOx emissions, vehicle emission technologies are of concern to an increasing number of people, such as using urea to reduce NOx emission for diesel vehicles and developing all-electrical vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. This research focused on the data analysis of NO2 and ozone concentrations in Chicago from the SASA project. Other analyses also provided some data for states and cities in the U.S. to show the relationship between NOx and ozone with transportation. Variations of NOx and ozone emissions were explored. First, the hourly variations in NOx and ozone emissions each day were studied. Second, the seasonal variation in NOx and ozone pollution was analyzed. Third, the differences in NOx emissions on working days and weekends were found. The impacts of NOx emissions on the variation in the ozone concentration in the air were discussed. The purpose of this research is to help more people, especially residents in the communities of Chicago, related to the SASA project to realize the hazard of NOx pollutants to humans and the environment, become aware of the importance and urgency of reducing NOx emissions, and provide feasible methods to solve this problem.
Author: Krzysztof Biernat Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 1789233461 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 302
Book Description
This book offers the current state of knowledge in the field of biofuels, presented by selected research centers from around the world. Biogas from waste production process and areas of application of biomethane were characterized. Also, possibilities of applications of wastes from fruit bunch of oil palm tree and high biomass/bagasse from sorghum and Bermuda grass for second-generation bioethanol were presented. Processes and mechanisms of biodiesel production, including the review of catalytic transesterification process, and careful analysis of kinetics, including bioreactor system for algae breeding, were widely analyzed. Problem of emissivity of NOx from engines fueled by B20 fuel was characterized. The closing chapters deal with the assessment of the potential of biofuels in Turkey, the components of refinery systems for production of biodegradable plastics from biomass. Also, a chapter concerning the environmental conditions of synthesis gas production as a universal raw material for the production of alternative fuels was also added.
Author: Timothy C. Lieuwen Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 052176405X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 385
Book Description
The development of clean, sustainable energy systems is a preeminent issue in our time. Gas turbines will continue to be important combustion-based energy conversion devices for many decades to come, used for aircraft propulsion, ground-based power generation, and mechanical-drive applications. This book compiles the key scientific and technological knowledge associated with gas turbine emissions into a single authoritative source.
Author: B. Ashok
Author: B. Ashok
Author: 
Author: A. Tomita
Author: 
Author: Andrew D. Prior
Author: Bhardwaj, Sachin
Author: L. Grant
Author: Zixian Wang
Author: Krzysztof Biernat
Author: Timothy C. Lieuwen