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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 6
Book Description
As the limits of long-range sonar are affected by ocean variability, the overarching goal of this work is to characterize, understand, and -predict sound-speed variability in the upper ocean. Sound speed is a function of the ocean state variables temperature T, salinity S, which are themselves affected by such processes as stirring, mixing and internal waves. A long-range goal is thus the inversion of acoustic data to measure these processes.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 6
Book Description
As the limits of long-range sonar are affected by ocean variability, the overarching goal of this work is to characterize, understand, and -predict sound-speed variability in the upper ocean. Sound speed is a function of the ocean state variables temperature T, salinity S, which are themselves affected by such processes as stirring, mixing and internal waves. A long-range goal is thus the inversion of acoustic data to measure these processes.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 154
Book Description
Two research cruises were conducted in the summers of 1998 and 1999 as part of the North Pacific Acoustic Laboratory (NPAL) project. The cruises objective was to test the theory that predicts acoustic fluctuations from the internal wave sound speed or temperature fluctuations. Here we discuss the in situ profile measurements of temperature, salinity, and derived sound speed taken with conductivity temperature density (CTD) instruments dropped off the side of the ships as they steamed between the NPAL Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate source off Kauai and a billboard receiving array on Sur Ridge off Point Sur, California. The first cruise, IW98, was aboard the University of Hawaii research vessel Moana Wave. The second cruise, IW99, was aboard the R/V Melville.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 12
Book Description
The North Pacific Acoustic Laboratory (NPAL) program is intended to improve our understanding of (i) the basic physics of low-frequency, broadband propagation in deep water, including the effects of oceanographic variability on signal stability and coherence, (ii) the structure of the ambient noise field in deep water at low frequencies, and (iii) the extent to which acoustic methods, together with other measurements and coupled with ocean modeling, can yield estimates of the time-evolving ocean state useful for acoustic predictions. The goal is to determine the fundamental limits to signal processing in deep water imposed by ocean processes, enabling advanced signal processing techniques to capitalize on the three-dimensional character of the sound and noise fields.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 7
Book Description
The long-term goal of this research is to understand deep-water propagation, with particular emphasis placed on the passive quiet target detection problem. Focus is on the spatial/temporal structure of acoustic paths for moving sources and moving receivers. Propagation paths are separated into two classes: bottom interacting and refracted/surface-reflected (non-bottom interacting). This research seeks to understand the impact that mid-ocean variability (internal waves, mixed layer variability) and seafloor scattering have on the detection problem.
Author: Michael J.R. Fasham Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642558445 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 324
Book Description
Oceans account for 50% of the anthropogenic CO2 released into the atmosphere. During the past 15 years an international programme, the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), has been studying the ocean carbon cycle to quantify and model the biological and physical processes whereby CO2 is pumped from the ocean's surface to the depths of the ocean, where it can remain for hundreds of years. This project is one of the largest multi-disciplinary studies of the oceans ever carried out and this book synthesises the results. It covers all aspects of the topic ranging from air-sea exchange with CO2, the role of physical mixing, the uptake of CO2 by marine algae, the fluxes of carbon and nitrogen through the marine food chain to the subsequent export of carbon to the depths of the ocean. Special emphasis is laid on predicting future climatic change.
Author: Richard L. Miller Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9781402030994 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 378
Book Description
This book provides extensive insight on remote sensing of coastal waters from aircraft and space-based platforms. The primary focus of the book is optical remote sensing using passive instruments, to measure and analyze the coastal aquatic environment. The authors have gathered information from a variety of sources, to help non-specialists grasp new techniques and technology, to quickly produce useful data
Author: Sam McClatchie Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400772238 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 253
Book Description
The California Current System is one of the best studied ocean regions of the world, and the level of oceanographic information available is perhaps only surpassed by the northeast and northwest Atlantic. The current literature (later than 1993) offers no comprehensive, integrated review of the regional fisheries oceanography of the California Current System. This volume summarizes information of more than 60-year California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigation (CalCOFI). While providing a large bibliography, the intent was to extract themes relevant to current research rather than to prepare a compendious review of the literature. The work presents a useful review and reference point for multidisciplinary fisheries scientists and biological oceanographers new to working in the California Current System, and to specialists wishing to access information outside their core areas of expertise. In addition it aims to deliver an up to date reference to the current state of knowledge of fisheries oceanography in the California Current System.
Author: Roger Harris Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080495338 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 707
Book Description
The term "zooplankton" describes the community of floating, often microscopic, animals that inhabit aquatic environments. Being near the base of the food chain, they serve as food for larger animals, such as fish. The ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) Zooplankton Methodology Manual provides comprehensive coverage of modern techniques in zooplankton ecology written by a group of international experts. Chapters include sampling, acoustic and optical methods, estimation of feeding, growth, reproduction and metabolism, and up-to-date treatment of population genetics and modeling. This book will be a key reference work for marine scientists throughout the world. - Sampling and experimental design - Collecting zooplankton - Techniques for assessing biomass and abundance - Protozooplankton enumeration and biomass estimation - New optical and acoustic techniques for estimating zooplankton biomass and abundance - Methods for measuring zooplankton feeding, growth, reproduction and metabolism - Population genetic analysis of zooplankton - Modelling zooplankton dynamics This unique and comprehensive reference work will be essential reading for marine and freshwater research scientists and graduates entering the field.
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Author: Dr. Alexandra Tolstoy
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Author: Institute of Oceanographic Sciences Deacon Laboratory (Great Britain)
Author: Michael J.R. Fasham
Author: Richard L. Miller
Author: Sam McClatchie
Author: Roger Harris