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Author: Kolumban Hutter Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642234380 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
Internal wave dynamics in lakes (and oceans) is an important physical component of geophysical fluid mechanics of ‘quiescent’ water bodies of the Globe. The formation of internal waves requires seasonal stratification of the water bodies and generation by (primarily) wind forces. Because they propagate in basins of variable depth, a generated wave field often experiences transformation from large basin-wide scales to smaller scales. As long as this fission is hydrodynamically stable, nothing dramatic will happen. However, if vertical density gradients and shearing of the horizontal currents in the metalimnion combine to a Richardson number sufficiently small (
Author: Kolumban Hutter Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642234380 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
Internal wave dynamics in lakes (and oceans) is an important physical component of geophysical fluid mechanics of ‘quiescent’ water bodies of the Globe. The formation of internal waves requires seasonal stratification of the water bodies and generation by (primarily) wind forces. Because they propagate in basins of variable depth, a generated wave field often experiences transformation from large basin-wide scales to smaller scales. As long as this fission is hydrodynamically stable, nothing dramatic will happen. However, if vertical density gradients and shearing of the horizontal currents in the metalimnion combine to a Richardson number sufficiently small (
Author: Marek Stastna Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030992101 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 129
Book Description
This monograph provides a concise overview of nonlinear internal wave theory. It serves as a self-contained reference for both students of mathematics as well as scientific professionals by presenting the material in two parts, isolating the narrative analysis from the mathematical detail. This unique format allows the text to remain accessible to oceanographers and researchers outside of mathematics by presenting a range of relevant theories on their own terms. Conversely, it enables applied mathematicians to understand how the conversation between mathematics and sciences proceeds in a field that has developed through a combination of the two. In addition, the text is supplemented by hands-on Matlab software, as the book incorporates a collection of working codes that enable readers to reproduce all theoretical figures in the text, with modification potential to fit a range of applications including a number of mini-projects outlined throughout the text.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 9
Book Description
The authors derive model equations that govern the evolution of internal gravity waves at the interface of two immiscible fluids. These models follow from the original Euler equations under the sole assumption that the waves are long compared to the undisturbed thickness of one of the fluid layers. No smallness assumption on the wave amplitude is made. Here the shallow water configuration is first considered, whereby the waves are taken to be long with respect to the total undisturbed thickness of the fluids. In part 2, the authors derive models for the configuration in which one of the two fluids has a thickness much larger than the wavelength. The fully nonlinear models contain the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation and the intermediate-long-wave (ILW) equation, for shallow and deep water configurations respectively, as special cases in the limit of weak nonlinearity and unidirectional wave propagation. In particular, for a solitary wave of given amplitude, the characteristic wavelength is larger and the wave speed smaller than their counterparts for solitary wave solutions of the weakly nonlinear equations. These features are compared and found in overall good agreement with available experimental data for solitary waves of large amplitude in two-fluid systems.
Author: Themistoklis Stefanakis Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Internal solitary waves (commonly referred to as "nonlinear internal waves" due to the balance between nonlinearity and dispersion, with the intense nonlinearity represented by very strong thermocline displacement in nature) are a ubiquitous feature of coastal ocean, lakes and the atmosphere. Over the past four decades, significant progress has been made in the study of internal solitary waves (mostly in the ocean and in lakes) through combined field, laboratory, numerical and theoretical work. Their interaction with the seafloor is, however, a phenomenon that has only began to be understood during the last decade. In situ observations have shown strong resuspension of sedimentary material in the footprint of internal solitary waves propagating over a gently shoaling bottom topography. Ongoing research through laboratory experiments and numerical simulations, during the last decade, has tried to shed light on the dynamics of benthic excitation under nonlinear internal waves, namely providing a qualitative description of the primary shear instability in the wave-driven bottom boundary layer (BBL). In the current study, 2-D direct numerical simulations (DNS) have been performed in order to investigate the dynamics of the BBL under fully nonlinear internal waves (NLIWs) (as contrasted to weakly nonlinear internal waves described by the appropriate Korteweg-deVries equation). Both elevation and depression waves propagating in a uniform depth two-layer stratification have been examined, with emphasis placed on the latter. The use of a spectral multidomain penalty method model enables the accurate and robust description of the wave-induced BBL at values of Reynolds number (based on NLIW phase speed and wave-guide depth) as high as 100,000. The BBL under elevation waves is found to be stable in most circumstances, but further investigation of a baroclinically-driven instability, observed in some cases, is needed. On the other hand, spontaneous (initiated without any external noise) and intermittent global near-bed instabilities and subsequent vortex shedding are found to occur in the footprint of depression waves, in the separated BBL behind the wave trough, when the wave amplitude surpasses a critical value, which decreases with increasing Reynolds number, oncoming current strength and deeper thermocline. However, an instantaneous insertion of external noise may excite the NLIW-induced BBL and lead to instability development at even lower amplitudes. Our findings suggest that the destabilization of the NLIW-induced BBL in the adverse pressure gradient region is highly sensitive to upstream flow conditions near the bed (oncoming current, potentially seeded with turbulence and the impact of leading wave). The structure of the numerically reproduced NLIW-induced BBL shows strong similarities with its laboratory counterpart, although significant questions remain about the role of three dimensional effects and the initialization of the experiments. Finally, based on our results, we propose that the observed instability mechanism can drive a potent turbulence in nearbed wake in the trailing edge of NLIWs in the actual ocean, thus causing significant NLIW dissipation and providing a highly likely means of sediment resuspension.
Author: Gene E. Likens Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0123820030 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 478
Book Description
A derivative of the Encyclopedia of Inland Waters, Lake Ecosystem Ecology examines the workings of the lake and reservoir ecosystems of our planet. Information and perspectives crucial to the understanding and management of current environmental problems are covered, such as eutrophication, acid rain and climate change. Because the articles are drawn from an encyclopedia, the articles are easily accessible to interested members of the public, such as conservationists and environmental decision makers. Includes an up-to-date summary of global aquatic ecosystems and issues Covers current environmental problems and management solutions Features full-color figures and tables to support the text and aid in understanding
Author: Kolumban Hutter
Author: Kolumban Hutter
Author: JAMES HAROLD SAYLOR
Author: James H. Saylor
Author: Marek Stastna
Author: 
Author: Themistoklis Stefanakis
Author: K. Hutter
Author: Alexey V. Fedorov
Author: Gene E. Likens
Author: Jorg Imberger