Neural Responses to Injury: Prevention, Protection, and Repair. Neurochemical Protection of the Brain, Neural Plasticity and Repair PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 78
Book Description
The LSU Neuroscience Center is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and transdepartmental entity that unites fundamental neurobiology and the clinical neurosciences in the common goal of elucidating the workings of the brain and contributing to the treatment of currently incurable diseases of the nervous system. The objective of the present program is to find solutions to neuroscience-related problems of interest to the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command. The program is focused on exploiting novel neuroprotective strategies that lead to prevention of and repair after neural injury. Converging approaches using state-of-the-art tools of cell biology, neurochemistry, neuroimmunology, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, molecular biology and virology are proposed. JMD.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 78
Book Description
The LSU Neuroscience Center is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and transdepartmental entity that unites fundamental neurobiology and the clinical neurosciences in the common goal of elucidating the workings of the brain and contributing to the treatment of currently incurable diseases of the nervous system. The objective of the present program is to find solutions to neuroscience-related problems of interest to the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command. The program is focused on exploiting novel neuroprotective strategies that lead to prevention of and repair after neural injury. Converging approaches using state-of-the-art tools of cell biology, neurochemistry, neuroimmunology, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, molecular biology and virology are proposed. JMD.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The experimental animals used during this period for the project, Neural Responses to Injury: Prevention, Protection, and Repair, Subproject: Neurochemical Protection of the Brain, Neural Plasticity and Repair, are as follows: Species Number Allowed Number Used LSU IACUC# Rat (sprague-Dawle) 125 125 1046 Rat (Sprague-Dawle) 91 91 1045 The development of chronic epilepsy is a very serious complication of head injury, neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors, and exposure to neurotoxic agents. Head injury is often associated with loss of short-term memory, indicating trauma to the hippocampal formation, the brain region most commonly associated with epileptic brain damage. Underlying the formation of epilepsy (epileptogenesis) is proposed to be a vicious cycle initiated by the loss of neurons. In an attempt to repair and/or replace lost synaptic connections, the brain can develop aberrant synaptic circuits that permit the propagation and amplification of waves of excitatory neurotransmission, eventually resulting in prolonged or repeated seizures (status epilepticus). The massive amounts of excitatory amino acids released during these episodes can stimulate further neuronal loss (excitotoxic damage), the formation of more aberrant synaptic circuits, and further seizures (Choi and Rothinan, 1990). Excitotoxic damage has been demonstrated in several experimental models of status epilepticus (Meldmm et al, 1973; Ben-Ari, 1995; Sloviter, 1987).
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Traumatic brain injury is characterized by multiple phases of damage; including primary tissue damage and bleeding at the site of impact; secondary damage, including brain edema, ischemia, the diffusion of toxic substances beyond the initial site of injury and delayed neuronal death; and long-term epileptogenic changes in synaptic plasticity. A common motif at the cellular level of these various forms of neurotrauma is the over-release of neurotransmitters, the stimulation of post-synaptic receptors, and the subsequent accumulation of abnormally high concentrations of second messengers. The major neurotransmitter involved in neuronal damage is thought to be the excitatory amino acid L-glutamate. Glutamate triggers calcium entry into post-synaptic neurons via the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subclass of glutamate receptors (Rotlunan and Olney, 1986, 1987; Choi 1988), and so the activation of many calcium-dependent signaling pathways. The major focus of research in our laboratory has been the activation of calcium- dependent phospholipases A2, the release from membrane phospholipids of bioactive lipids, including free arachidonic acid (AA) and platelet-activating factor (PAF), and the signaling pathways then activated. We and other groups have shown the neuroprotective properties of pharmacological agents targeting bioactive lipid signaling cascades. Detailed characterization of these processes, and the downstream events that link the over-accumulation of bioactive lipids to long-term changes in brain physiology, is important in identifying the best therapeutic targets for the treatment of traumatic brain injury.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 169
Book Description
The LSU Neuroscience Center is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and transdepartmental entity that unites fundamental neurobiology and the clinical neurosciences in the common goal of elucidating the workings of the brain and contributing to the treatment of currently incurable diseases of the nervous system. The objective of the present program is to find solutions to neuroscience-related problems of interest to the U.S. Army Mo%%na3 Research and Development Command. The program is focused on exploiting novel neuroprotective strategies that lead to prevention of and repair after neural injury. Converging approaches using state-of-the-art tools of cell biology, neurochemistry, neuroimmunology, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, molecular biology and virology are proposed. JMD.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 34
Book Description
The LSU Neuroscience Center is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and transdepartmental entity that unites fundamental neurobiology and the clinical neurosciences in the common goal of elucidating the workings of the brain and contributing to the treatment of currently incurable diseases of the nervous system. The objective of the present program is to find solutions to neuroscience-related problems of interest to the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command. The program is focused on exploiting novel neuroprotective strategies that lead to prevention of and repair after neural injury. Converging approaches using state-of-the-art tools of cell biology, neurochemistry, neuroimmunology, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, molecular biology and virology are proposed.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
The SU Neuroscience Center is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and transdepartmental entity that unites fundamental neurobiology and the clinical neurosciences in the common goal of elucidating the workings of the brain and contributing to the treatment of currently incurable diseases of the nervous system. The objective of the present program is to find solutions to neuroscience-related problems of interest to the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command. The program is focused on exploiting novel neuroprotective strategies that lead to prevention of and repair after neural injury. Converging approaches using state-of-the-art tools of cell biology, neurochemistry, neuroimmunology, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, molecular biology and virology are proposed. JMD.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 23
Book Description
The LSU Neuroscience Center is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and trans-departmental entity that unites fundamental neurobiology and the clinical neurosciences in the common goal of elucidating the workings of the brain and contributing to the treatment of currently incurable diseases of the nervous system. The objective of this program is to find solutions to neuroscience-related problems of interest to the US Army Medical Research and Development Command. The program is focused on exploiting novel neuroprotective strategies that lead to prevention of and repair after neural injury. Converging approaches using state-of-the-art tools of cell biology, neurochemistry, neuroimmunology, neurophysiology, neuroppharmacology, molecular biology and virology are ongoing. Over the four years covered in this proposal, this program aims to: (1) carry out seven research projects in the basic and clinical neurosciences; (2) expand central, shared facilities with the addition of highly specialized instrumentation not currently available to our scientists; (3) develop laboratory space to permit the physical consolidation and coordination of this research effort; and (4) institute a coordination unit to monitor, facilitate, and administrate the cooperative research programs, as well as to meet the associated budgetary, human resources, facilities, and communications needs for the attainment of the program goals.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The experimental animals used during this period for the project, Neural Responses to Injury: Prevention, Protection, and Repair, Subproject: Role of Growth Factors and Cell Signaling in the Response of Brain and Retina to Injury, are as follows: Species Rat(Albino Wistar), Number Allowed: 78, Number Used, 78, LSU IACUC# 1032. The objective of this study is to assay for changes in expression of genes involved in neural growth and differentiation as a flinction of wound healing. We have used the Chalifour procedure (1) to assay for changes in panels of brain cortex RNAs. Materials and Methods Rat Brain Cryogenic Injury Winstar rats weighing 250-275 g were ether anesthetized and a 9 mm diameter probe cooled in liquid nitrogen was placed on the right parietal region of the rat skull for 1 min. The animals were then euthanized and the brains dissected at the specified times. Analysis of Gene Expression Pafterns Double-stranded radiolabeled cDNAs were synthesized from rat cortex RNAs isolated at various time points following brain injury. Panels of nitrocellulose filter-fixed cDNA clones were then screened according to the method of Chalifour et al. (1). Modifications included the use of 50 g of RNA, 2000u reverse transcriptase, 120 Ci 32P-dCTP, and 2u of klenow per sample. Nitrocellulose filters were hybridized to 106 cpm/ml of brain cDNA in 10 ml of hybridization solution. RNA Collection and Northern Blots RNAs from rat brain were collected by the method of Chomczynski and Sacchi (2). Northern blots were performed using standard techniques.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 77
Book Description
The LSU Neuroscience Center is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and transdepartmental entity that unites fundamental neurobiology and the clinical neurosciences in the common goal of elucidating the workings of the brain and contributing to the treatment of currently incurable diseases of the nervous system. The objective of the present program is to find solutions to neuroscience-related problems of interest to the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command. The program is focused on exploiting novel neuroprotective strategies that lead to prevention of and repair after neural injury. Converging approaches using state-of-the-art tools of cell biology, neurochemistry, neuroimmunology, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, molecular biology and virology are proposed. Over the next four years, this program aims to: (1) carry out seven research projects in the basic and clinical neurosciences; (2) expand central, shared facilities with the addition of highly specialized instrumentation not currently available to our scientists; (3) develop laboratory space to permit the physical consolidation and coordination of this research effort; and (4) institute a coordination unit to monitor, facilitate, and administrate the cooperative research programs, as well as to meet the associated budgetary, human resources, facilities, and communications needs for the attainment of the proposed program goals. JMD.
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