Need for Greater Regulatory Oversight of Commercial Low-level Radioactive Waste PDF Download

Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Radioactive wastes
Languages : en
Pages : 52

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Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Radioactive wastes
Languages : en
Pages : 14

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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309101425
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 225

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Book Description
The largest volumes of radioactive wastes in the United States contain only small amounts of radioactive material. These low-activity wastes (LAW) come from hospitals, utilities, research institutions, and defense installations where nuclear material is used. Millions of cubic feet of LAW also arise every year from non-nuclear enterprises such as mining and water treatment. While LAW present much less of a radiation hazard than spent nuclear fuel or high-level radioactive wastes, they can cause health risks if controlled improperly. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes asserts that LAW should be regulated and managed according to the degree of risk they pose for treatment, storage, and disposal. Current regulations are based primarily on the type of industry that produced the waste-the waste's origin-rather than its risk. In this report, a risk-informed approach for regulating and managing all types of LAW in the United States is proposed. Implemented in a gradual or stepwise fashion, this approach combines scientific risk assessment with public values and perceptions. It focuses on the hazardous properties of the waste in question and how they compare with other waste materials. The approach is based on established principles for risk-informed decision making, current risk-informed initiatives by waste regulators in the United States and abroad, solutions available under current regulatory authorities, and remedies through new legislation when necessary.

Author: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Radioactive waste disposal
Languages : en
Pages : 348

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Author: Michael Burns
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780873710268
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 340

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A crisis awaits the states without adequate Low-Level Radioactive Waste (LLRW) disposal capacity, and states now struggling to comply with U.S. National Policy-widely believed unworkable. Some states may find that they are unable to dispose of the LLRW they generate! Long underestimated-or politically boondoggled-the dread subject of LLRW disposal is now being brought to climax, amidst conflicting viewpoints from generators, regulators, environmentalists and the public...from...medical-clinical labs...nuclear power plants...state and federal agencies...scientists and engineers...consultants...attorneys. This book emphasizes siting, disposal, historical approach to radwaste regulation, public attitudes, and NIMBY. AND deals comprehensively with radiation, biological effects, risk assessment, public health protection and government regulation, safety of LLRW, biological effects, and attempts to develop solutions to this pervasive problem. This text is essential to those likely to find themselves engulfed by LLRW problem: scientists, engineers, managers in many companies and institutions, consultants, and, of course, Government Agency Officials, public interest groups, technical, social science, law, and public libraries. There is no easy solution-but there will be a solution. And we believe this book is part of that solution. Expert authors-provide chapters carefully researched and written for this book; and provide their personal and professional experiences. This book is certainly a step toward understanding and solving the LLRW problem.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hazardous waste management industry
Languages : en
Pages : 44

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Author: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Federal government
Languages : en
Pages : 24

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 16

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Commercial low-level radioactive waste disposal in the United States is regulated by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) under 10 CFR 61 (1991). This regulation was issued in 1981 after a lengthy and thorough development process that considered the radionuclide concentrations and characteristics associated with commercial low-level radioactive waste streams; alternatives for waste classification; alternative technologies for low-level radioactive waste disposal; and data, modeling, and scenario analyses. The development process also included the publication of both draft and final environmental impact statements. The final regulation describes the general provisions; licenses; performance objectives; technical requirements for land disposal; financial assurances; participation by state governments and Indian tribes; and records, reports, tests, and inspections. This paper provides an overview of, and tutorial on, current commercial low-level radioactive waste disposal regulations in the United States.

Author: M. T. Ryan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Low level radioactive waste disposal facilities
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Inspector General
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hazardous wastes
Languages : en
Pages : 30

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