National Grain Biosecurity Surveillance Strategy PDF Download

Author: Plant Health Australia
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780648245681
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 48

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Describes a strategy to implement surveillance for pests and diseases of grain crops

Author: Hoda Ragab Abougamos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 506

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[Truncated abstract] Australian grain exports depend on compliance with stringent biosecurity requirements. This thesis analyses the management of biosecurity by the Western Australian (WA) export wheat industry. The delivery of pest-free grain to export markets depends upon phosphine fumigation. The effectiveness of this treatment is under constant threat from the spread of resistant grain pests that have the potential to increase biosecurity costs, disrupt trade and reduce the asset value of low grade storage. This thesis analyses this problem by measuring the cost of grain transport, storage and biosecurity from farm to port in a grain supply network. It also analyses the incentives offered by grain contracts for farmers to manage biosecurity and simulates the costs of the spread of phosphine resistant stored grain pests. The grain supply network is represented by two models: Model 1 represents the grain network between farms and receival sites; Model 2 represents the network between receival sites and Kwinana port in Perth, WA. The objective of Model 1 is to maximise farmers' net profits; given total costs of transporting, storing, handling and fumigating grain. The objective of Model 2 is to minimise the total costs of Co-operative Bulk Handling (CBH). Results of Model 1 show that farmers prefer to store wheat temporarily at farms rather than transport it during harvest period to receival sites. The low storage and biosecurity costs relative to transport costs explain the farmers' optimal decision. However, restricted storage capacity at some farms may result in the delivery of some grain during the harvest period. The quantity of wheat stored on farms during harvest and storage periods represents around 19 per cent of the wheat harvested. Model 2 distinguishes between receival sites located on road and those on rail lines. The initial stock of wheat at receival sites on rail is around three times that of receival sites on road, which highlights the importance of rail transport to the grain supply network. During the clearance period, all wheat is cleared from receival sites to port. During the harvest period, most wheat is stored at receival sites on rail. The model also distinguishes between different types of storage bins namely; horizontal (HOR), silo (SIL) and bunkers (OBH). Bin types are significant in determining storage costs and biosecurity risks. A theoretical grain biosecurity contract is modelled to analyse the contract between farmers and CBH using a principal-agent framework. The objective of this model is to analyse the design of grain supply contracts under moral hazard. CBH is unable to observe directly the management of grain on-farm, but does engage in grain testing on delivery to a receival site and can set a price premium relative to the world price. Three sets of assumptions are assessed: first, perfect information, where CBH, the principal, observes the farme's biosecurity efforts. Second, where the farmer's effort level is non-verifiable by CBH but CBH can monitor the farmer's grain at zero cost, results in a decline in the farmer's biosecurity effort. The third is when CBH has monitoring costs and imperfect monitoring. This assumption leads to a reduced biosecurity effort relative to the perfect information case...

Author: Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251341311
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 60

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This report presents the findings of a desk study into the use of authorization by national plant protection organizations (NPPOs) to perform phytosanitary actions. The study includes a review of the existing legislative framework relating to authorization and of implementation resources developed under the auspices of the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) Secretariat that provide guidance to NPPOs on the authorization of entities. A selection of examples of authorization programmes are provided, illustrating some of the approaches taken by countries to address potential implementation issues.

Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 176

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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309137349
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 339

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H1N1 ("swine flu"), SARS, mad cow disease, and HIV/AIDS are a few examples of zoonotic diseases-diseases transmitted between humans and animals. Zoonotic diseases are a growing concern given multiple factors: their often novel and unpredictable nature, their ability to emerge anywhere and spread rapidly around the globe, and their major economic toll on several disparate industries. Infectious disease surveillance systems are used to detect this threat to human and animal health. By systematically collecting data on the occurrence of infectious diseases in humans and animals, investigators can track the spread of disease and provide an early warning to human and animal health officials, nationally and internationally, for follow-up and response. Unfortunately, and for many reasons, current disease surveillance has been ineffective or untimely in alerting officials to emerging zoonotic diseases. Sustaining Global Surveillance and Response to Emerging Zoonotic Diseases assesses some of the disease surveillance systems around the world, and recommends ways to improve early detection and response. The book presents solutions for improved coordination between human and animal health sectors, and among governments and international organizations. Parties seeking to improve the detection and response to zoonotic diseases-including U.S. government and international health policy makers, researchers, epidemiologists, human health clinicians, and veterinarians-can use this book to help curtail the threat zoonotic diseases pose to economies, societies, and health.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780858475939
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Our understanding of life on Earth is limited. Best estimates suggest that a majority of Australian and New Zealand species remain undiscovered, unnamed and undocumented. Taxonomy and biosystematics-the disciplines of biology that study, document, name and characterise biodiversity-provide the framework for this much-needed understanding of life on our planet.This decadal plan seeks to use new and emerging technologies, develop key infrastructure, and create a unified and dynamic science that will serve the needs of society, government, industry and our unique biodiversity.

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309259363
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 418

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Globalization of the food supply has created conditions favorable for the emergence, reemergence, and spread of food-borne pathogens-compounding the challenge of anticipating, detecting, and effectively responding to food-borne threats to health. In the United States, food-borne agents affect 1 out of 6 individuals and cause approximately 48 million illnesses, 128,000 hospitalizations, and 3,000 deaths each year. This figure likely represents just the tip of the iceberg, because it fails to account for the broad array of food-borne illnesses or for their wide-ranging repercussions for consumers, government, and the food industry-both domestically and internationally. A One Health approach to food safety may hold the promise of harnessing and integrating the expertise and resources from across the spectrum of multiple health domains including the human and veterinary medical and plant pathology communities with those of the wildlife and aquatic health and ecology communities. The IOM's Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a public workshop on December 13 and 14, 2011 that examined issues critical to the protection of the nation's food supply. The workshop explored existing knowledge and unanswered questions on the nature and extent of food-borne threats to health. Participants discussed the globalization of the U.S. food supply and the burden of illness associated with foodborne threats to health; considered the spectrum of food-borne threats as well as illustrative case studies; reviewed existing research, policies, and practices to prevent and mitigate foodborne threats; and, identified opportunities to reduce future threats to the nation's food supply through the use of a "One Health" approach to food safety. Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach: Workshop Summary covers the events of the workshop and explains the recommendations for future related workshops.

Author: American Veterinary Medical Association
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Veterinary medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 876

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Book Description
Vols. for 1915-49 and 1956- include the Proceedings of the annual meeting of the association.

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Biosecurity Priority Area for Interdisciplinary Action
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9789251057292
Category : Cooking
Languages : en
Pages : 144

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Book Description
This toolkit provides practical guidance and support to develop and implement national biosecurity frameworks at the country level. It presents the benefits of a harmonized and integrated approach to biosecurity and illustrates the experiences of countries, including Belize, Norway and New Zealand, which have adopted such an approach in recent times. By providing a framework to identify cross-cutting biosecurity capacity needs based on an integrated approach, this toolkit addresses the gaps inherent in a purely sectoral approach to biosecurity. The purpose is to support governments to better manage biosecurity as a means to protect public health, agricultural production and the environment. At the same time, this will enhance the ability of countries to comply with international agreements, regulations and requirements focused on sanitary and phytosanitary measures, contributing to economic development and trade.

Author: Therese M. Poland
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030453677
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 455

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This open access book describes the serious threat of invasive species to native ecosystems. Invasive species have caused and will continue to cause enormous ecological and economic damage with ever increasing world trade. This multi-disciplinary book, written by over 100 national experts, presents the latest research on a wide range of natural science and social science fields that explore the ecology, impacts, and practical tools for management of invasive species. It covers species of all taxonomic groups from insects and pathogens, to plants, vertebrates, and aquatic organisms that impact a diversity of habitats in forests, rangelands and grasslands of the United States. It is well-illustrated, provides summaries of the most important invasive species and issues impacting all regions of the country, and includes a comprehensive primary reference list for each topic. This scientific synthesis provides the cultural, economic, scientific and social context for addressing environmental challenges posed by invasive species and will be a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, natural resource managers and practitioners.