Author: Dapeng Zhao Publisher: Springer ISBN: 4431553606 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 315
Book Description
This book on multiscale seismic tomography, written by one of the leaders in the field, is suitable for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and professionals in Earth and planetary sciences who need to broaden their horizons about seismotectonics, volcanism, and interior structure and dynamics of the Earth and Moon. It describes the state-of-the-art in seismic tomography, with emphasis on the new findings obtained by applying tomographic methods in local, regional, and global scales for understanding the generating mechanism of large and great earthquakes such as the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake (Mw 9.0), crustal and upper mantle structure, origin of active arc volcanoes and intraplate volcanoes including hotspots, heterogeneous structure of subduction zones, fate of subducting slabs, origin of mantle plumes, mantle convection, and deep Earth dynamics. The first lunar tomography and its implications for the mechanism of deep moonquakes and lunar evolution are also introduced.
Author: Yu-Pin Lin Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811050686 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 115
Book Description
This book presents investigations on the Earth's seismic structure using both active-source and natural earthquake records. It discusses the ground-truth data obtained from the TAiwan Integrated GEodynamics Research (TAIGER) active-source experiments that provides excellent and unique insights into the shallow crustal structures beneath Taiwan. It also explores the full-wave sensitivity kernels, which account for the effects of all possible wave interferences involved in shear-wave splitting and therefore loosen the restrictions on source-receiver geometry amenable to shear-wave splitting analysis. Moreover, it describes the 3D Fréchet kernels, which enable us to resolve the vertical and lateral variations in seismic anisotropy and obtain 3D images of the Earth's anisotropic structure, as well as the practice in Southern California that enables us to infer the state of the stress and strain in the lithosphere and the dynamics of the asthenospheric mantle flow for a better understanding of the strength and deformation in the upper mantle beneath the San Andreas Fault system.
Author: H.M. Iyer Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780412371905 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 890
Book Description
This book provides a systematic review of tomographic applications in seismology and the future directions. Theories and case histories are discussed by the international authors, drawing on their own practical experiences with global and local case histories.
Author: David A. Yuen Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402057504 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 566
Book Description
This abundantly illustrated book provides a concise overview of our understanding of the entire mantle, its evolution since early differentiation and the consequences of superplumes for earth surface processes. The book’s balanced authorship has produced a state-of-the-science report on the emerging concept of superplumes. This presents a new concept to explain catastrophic events on Earth through geologic time.
Author: Tien-when Lo Publisher: SEG Books ISBN: 1560800283 Category : Seismic tomography Languages : en Pages : 187
Book Description
This tutorial serves as a practical guide on seismic tomography for an audience familiar with basic seismology concepts and calculus. The intent is to provide the reader with a fundamental understanding of both seismic-ray tomography and seismic-diffraction tomography. Case studies illustrate processing methodology, basic interpretation techniques, and pitfalls. This presentation assists the reader in gaining a greater understanding of and appreciation for seismic-tomography articles found in the literature.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 12
Book Description
A 3-D global tomographic model that reconstructs velocity structure at multiple scales and incorporates laterally variable seismic discontinuities is currently being developed. The model parameterization is node-based where nodes are placed along vertices defined by triangular tessellations of a spheroidal surface. The triangular tessellation framework is hierarchical. Starting with a tetrahexahedron representing the whole globe (1st level of the hierarchy, 24 faces), they divide each triangle of the tessellation into daughter triangles. The collection of all daughter triangles comprises the 2nd level of the tessellation hierarchy and further recursion produces an arbitrary number of tessellation levels and arbitrarily fine node-spacing. They have developed an inversion procedure that takes advantage of the recursive properties of the tessellation hierarchies by progressively solving for shorter wavelength heterogeneities. In this procedure, we first perform the tomographic inversion using a tessellation level with coarse node spacing. They find that a coarse node spacing of approximately 8{sup o} is adequate to capture bulk regional properties. They then conduct the tomographic inversion on a 4{sup o} tessellation level using the residuals and inversion results from the 8{sup o} run. In practice they find that the progressive tomography approach is robust, providing an intrinsic regularization for inversion stability and avoids the issue of predefining resolution levels. Further, determining average regional properties with coarser tessellation levels enables long-wavelength heterogeneities to account for sparsely sampled regions (or regions of the mantle where longer wavelength patterns of heterogeneity suffice) while allowing shorter length-scale heterogeneities to emerge where necessary. They demonstrate the inversion approach with a set of synthetic test cases that mimic the complex nature of data arrangements (mixed-determined inversion) common to most tomographic problems. They also apply the progressive inversion approach with Pn waves traveling within the Middle East region and compare the results to simple tomographic inversions. As expected from synthetic testing, the progressive approach results in detailed structure where there is high data density and broader regional anomalies where seismic information is sparse. The ultimate goal is to use these methods to produce a seamless, multi-resolution global tomographic model with local model resolution determined by the constraints afforded by available data. They envisage this new technique as the general approach to be employed for future multi-resolution model development with complex arrangements of regional and teleseismic information.
Author: Rajib Biswas Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 100064328X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 419
Book Description
Seismology has come a long way. Being the scientific study of seismic waves and their allied phenomena, it has entered a multidisciplinary realm. As the main tool, it provides a wealth of information when applied systematically to dig inside the Earth structure. Notwithstanding, the utility of seismic waves has increased manifold. Starting from knowing the epicenter of seismic events, it has influenced mapping of civil engineering structures such as dams and bridges, as well as huge constructions. Although there is no dearth of technical papers in the area of seismic waves, there is an absence of synchronized and recent coherent contents in the direction of seismic waves. The book will be a unique contribution to the field of seismology, with the aim of assimilating theory and practices. It will provide a comprehensive glimpse of recent advancements in this area with a strong unification of theory and practices. The main objective of the book is to present an in-depth analysis of the theory and real implementations of seismic waves as versatile probes that would be integrated with modern and future perspectives. The current and the future strategies to be discussed in the relevant areas of seismic waves will be another boon for readers. This book will cater to the needs of novices, researchers and practitioners. Additionally, the contents of the book will be useful for undergraduate as well as postgraduate students of earth science disciplines.
Author: Kalachand Sain Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119594863 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 148
Book Description
Imaging complex regions or difficult terrains like the sub-volcanic sediments or thrust fold belt areas is crucial to understanding the earth's subsurface. Active Seismic Tomography: Theory and Applications describes current technologies for the study of seismic velocities and the elucidation of fine details of the subsurface. Key use cases include hydrocarbon reservoir characterization, identification of faults and channels, and stratigraphic and structural traps. Volume highlights include: Theory and development of seismic tomography Numerous examples of the interpretation and analysis of active source seismic data Relevance of tomography data for computational geophysicists This volume is a valuable resource for academics and professionals interested in using or developing integrated imaging approaches of the Earth's subsurface.
Author: Dapeng Zhao
Author: Ivan Koulakov
Author: Yu-Pin Lin
Author: H.M. Iyer
Author: David A. Yuen
Author: Tien-when Lo
Author: 
Author: G. Nolet
Author: Rajib Biswas
Author: Kalachand Sain