Multiple Speaker Localization and Tracking in the Presence of Unreliable Microphones PDF Download

Author: Ofer Schwartz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Microphone
Languages : en
Pages : 53

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Author: Bracha Laufer-Goldshtein
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781680837360
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 178

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Book Description
Acoustic source localization is an essential component in many modern day audio applications. For example, smart speakers require localization capabilities in order to determine the speakers in the scene and their role. Based on the location information, they can enhance a speaker or carry out location specific tasks, such as switching the lights on and off, steering a camera, etc. Localization has often been based on creating physical models which become extremely intricate in real-world applications. Recently, researchers have started using learning techniques to address localization problems. This monograph introduces the reader to the research and practical aspects behind the approach of learning the characteristics of the acoustic environment directly from the data rather than using a predefined physical model. Written by the experts in the field who have developed many of these techniques, it provides a comprehensive overview and insights into this burgeoning area of acoustic developments. The reader is introduced to the underlying mathematics before being introduced to the localization problem in depth. The core paradigm of using manifolds for diffusion mapping and distance is then described. Building on these concepts, the authors address both single and multiple manifold localization. Finally, manifold-based tracking is covered. Data-Driven Multi-Microphone Speaker Localization on Manifolds is an illuminating introduction to designing and building acoustic systems where localization of multi-microphone and speakers forms an essential part of the system.

Author: Bracha Laufter-Goldshtein
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781680837377
Category : Acoustic localization
Languages : en
Pages : 161

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Book Description
Speech enhancement is a core problem in audio signal processing with commercial applications in devices as diverse as mobile phones, conference call systems, smart assistants, and hearing aids. An essential component in the design of speech enhancement algorithms is acoustic source localization. Speaker localization is also directly applicable to many other audio related tasks, e.g., automated camera steering, teleconferencing systems, and robot audition. From a signal processing perspective, speaker localization is the task of mapping multichannel speech signals to 3-D source coordinates. To obtain viable solutions for this mapping, an accurate description of the source wave propagation captured by the respective acoustic channel is required. In fact, the acoustic channels can be considered as the spatial fingerprints characterizing the positions of each of the sources in a reverberant enclosure. These fingerprints represent complex reflection patterns stemming from the surfaces and objects characterizing the enclosure. Hence, they are usually modelled by a very large number of coefficients, resulting in an intricate high-dimensional representation. We claim that in static acoustic environments, despite the high dimensional representation, the difference between acoustic channels can be attributed mainly to changes in the source position. Thus, the true intrinsic dimensionality of the variations of the acoustic channels are significantly smaller than the number of variables commonly used to represent them; that is, the acoustic channels pertain to a low-dimensional manifold that can be inferred from data using nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques. A comprehensive experimental study carried out in a real-life acoustic environment demonstrates the validity of the proposed manifold-based paradigm. Motivated by this result, several high-performance localization and tracking methods were developed by harnessing novel mathematical tools for learning over manifolds, including diffusion maps, semi-supervised learning, optimization in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces and Gaussian process inference. We present two localization algorithms that were designed for a single microphone array of two microphones. These algorithms were extended to several distributed arrays by merging the information of the different manifolds associated with each array. Tracking a moving source was also addressed by a data-driven propagation model relating movements on the abstract manifold to the actual source displacements. This data-driven propagation model was combined with a classical localization approach, in a hybrid algorithm that ties together the two worlds of classical and data-driven localization, while gaining the benefits of both. We show that the proposed algorithms outperform state-of-the-art localization methods, and obtain high accuracy in challenging noisy and reverberant environments.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Multisensor data fusion
Languages : en
Pages : 358

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Author: Vincent Vigneron
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364215994X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 672

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Book Description
Thisvolumecollectsthepaperspresentedatthe9thInternationalConferenceon Latent Variable Analysis and Signal Separation,LVA/ICA 2010. The conference was organized by INRIA, the French National Institute for Computer Science and Control,and was held in Saint-Malo, France, September 27–30,2010,at the Palais du Grand Large. Tenyearsafterthe?rstworkshoponIndependent Component Analysis(ICA) in Aussois, France, the series of ICA conferences has shown the liveliness of the community of theoreticians and practitioners working in this ?eld. While ICA and blind signal separation have become mainstream topics, new approaches have emerged to solve problems involving signal mixtures or various other types of latent variables: semi-blind models, matrix factorization using sparse com- nent analysis, non-negative matrix factorization, probabilistic latent semantic indexing, tensor decompositions, independent vector analysis, independent s- space analysis, and so on. To re?ect this evolution towards more general latent variable analysis problems in signal processing, the ICA International Steering Committee decided to rename the 9th instance of the conference LVA/ICA. From more than a hundred submitted papers, 25 were accepted as oral p- sentationsand53 asposter presentations. Thecontent ofthis volumefollowsthe conference schedule, resulting in 14 chapters. The papers collected in this v- ume demonstrate that the research activity in the ?eld continues to range from abstract concepts to the most concrete and applicable questions and consid- ations. Speech and audio, as well as biomedical applications, continue to carry the mass of the applications considered.

Author: Alan C. Bovik
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080533612
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1429

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Book Description
55% new material in the latest edition of this “must-have for students and practitioners of image & video processing! This Handbook is intended to serve as the basic reference point on image and video processing, in the field, in the research laboratory, and in the classroom. Each chapter has been written by carefully selected, distinguished experts specializing in that topic and carefully reviewed by the Editor, Al Bovik, ensuring that the greatest depth of understanding be communicated to the reader. Coverage includes introductory, intermediate and advanced topics and as such, this book serves equally well as classroom textbook as reference resource. • Provides practicing engineers and students with a highly accessible resource for learning and using image/video processing theory and algorithms • Includes a new chapter on image processing education, which should prove invaluable for those developing or modifying their curricula • Covers the various image and video processing standards that exist and are emerging, driving today’s explosive industry • Offers an understanding of what images are, how they are modeled, and gives an introduction to how they are perceived • Introduces the necessary, practical background to allow engineering students to acquire and process their own digital image or video data • Culminates with a diverse set of applications chapters, covered in sufficient depth to serve as extensible models to the reader’s own potential applications About the Editor... Al Bovik is the Cullen Trust for Higher Education Endowed Professor at The University of Texas at Austin, where he is the Director of the Laboratory for Image and Video Engineering (LIVE). He has published over 400 technical articles in the general area of image and video processing and holds two U.S. patents. Dr. Bovik was Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE Signal Processing Society (2000), received the IEEE Signal Processing Society Meritorious Service Award (1998), the IEEE Third Millennium Medal (2000), and twice was a two-time Honorable Mention winner of the international Pattern Recognition Society Award. He is a Fellow of the IEEE, was Editor-in-Chief, of the IEEE Transactions on Image Processing (1996-2002), has served on and continues to serve on many other professional boards and panels, and was the Founding General Chairman of the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing which was held in Austin, Texas in 1994. * No other resource for image and video processing contains the same breadth of up-to-date coverage * Each chapter written by one or several of the top experts working in that area * Includes all essential mathematics, techniques, and algorithms for every type of image and video processing used by electrical engineers, computer scientists, internet developers, bioengineers, and scientists in various, image-intensive disciplines

Author: Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319199471
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 301

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Book Description
This is the first book to describe how Autonomous Virtual Humans and Social Robots can interact with real people, be aware of the environment around them, and react to various situations. Researchers from around the world present the main techniques for tracking and analysing humans and their behaviour and contemplate the potential for these virtual humans and robots to replace or stand in for their human counterparts, tackling areas such as awareness and reactions to real world stimuli and using the same modalities as humans do: verbal and body gestures, facial expressions and gaze to aid seamless human-computer interaction (HCI). The research presented in this volume is split into three sections: ·User Understanding through Multisensory Perception: deals with the analysis and recognition of a given situation or stimuli, addressing issues of facial recognition, body gestures and sound localization. ·Facial and Body Modelling Animation: presents the methods used in modelling and animating faces and bodies to generate realistic motion. ·Modelling Human Behaviours: presents the behavioural aspects of virtual humans and social robots when interacting and reacting to real humans and each other. Context Aware Human-Robot and Human-Agent Interaction would be of great use to students, academics and industry specialists in areas like Robotics, HCI, and Computer Graphics.

Author: Michael Brandstein
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662046199
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 401

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Book Description
This is the first book to provide a single complete reference on microphone arrays. Top researchers in this field contributed articles documenting the current state of the art in microphone array research, development and technological application.

Author: Floyd E. Toole
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317415094
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 956

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Book Description
Sound Reproduction: The Acoustics and Psychoacoustics of Loudspeakers and Rooms, Third Edition explains the physical and perceptual processes that are involved in sound reproduction and demonstrates how to use the processes to create high-quality listening experiences in stereo and multichannel formats. Understanding the principles of sound production is necessary to achieve the goals of sound reproduction in spaces ranging from recording control rooms and home listening rooms to large cinemas. This revision brings new science-based perspectives on the performance of loudspeakers, room acoustics, measurements and equalization, all of which need to be appropriately used to ensure the accurate delivery of music and movie sound tracks from creators to listeners. The robust website (www.routledge.com/cw/toole) is the perfect companion to this necessary resource.

Author: Matthias Woelfel
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470714077
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 600

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Book Description
A complete overview of distant automatic speech recognition The performance of conventional Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems degrades dramatically as soon as the microphone is moved away from the mouth of the speaker. This is due to a broad variety of effects such as background noise, overlapping speech from other speakers, and reverberation. While traditional ASR systems underperform for speech captured with far-field sensors, there are a number of novel techniques within the recognition system as well as techniques developed in other areas of signal processing that can mitigate the deleterious effects of noise and reverberation, as well as separating speech from overlapping speakers. Distant Speech Recognitionpresents a contemporary and comprehensive description of both theoretic abstraction and practical issues inherent in the distant ASR problem. Key Features: Covers the entire topic of distant ASR and offers practical solutions to overcome the problems related to it Provides documentation and sample scripts to enable readers to construct state-of-the-art distant speech recognition systems Gives relevant background information in acoustics and filter techniques, Explains the extraction and enhancement of classification relevant speech features Describes maximum likelihood as well as discriminative parameter estimation, and maximum likelihood normalization techniques Discusses the use of multi-microphone configurations for speaker tracking and channel combination Presents several applications of the methods and technologies described in this book Accompanying website with open source software and tools to construct state-of-the-art distant speech recognition systems This reference will be an invaluable resource for researchers, developers, engineers and other professionals, as well as advanced students in speech technology, signal processing, acoustics, statistics and artificial intelligence fields.