Multipartite Interactions Among Western Corn Rootworms, Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Transgenic Corn, Zea Mays L. (Poales: Poaceae), and Soil Microbes PDF Download

Author: Stephanie L Gorski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 127

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Author: Stefan Vidal
Publisher: CABI
ISBN: 0851990703
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 326

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Book Description
Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, has been a major economic pest of maize in the Americas for many years. However, since the early 1990's it has become an increasing threat to crops in Europe and is expected to spread to all maize growing areas of the continent. This book provides a comprehensive review of current knowledge of the biology and ecology of this insect pest and how it might be managed in order to limit its damage as it spreads into new agroecological areas. Cultural, biotechnical, and biological control measures are addressed, as are ecological baseline data such as population dynamics, economic thresholds and aspects of its behaviour. The book also examines the potential of plant protection techniques currently used in North America to be applied in Europe.

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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Ted A. Wilson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 216

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Monsanto Co. (St. Louis, MO) has received approval for the commercial sale of transgenic corn (Zea mays L.) modified to produce insecticidal protein (Cry3Bb1) from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) for control of the western corn rootworm larvae, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and northern corn rootworm, D. barberi Smith and Lawrence; southern corn rootworm. This new technology could help reduce the amount of pesticides applied to corn fields for control of these pests and provides an alternative management strategy. The first objective was to determine if the fitness of beetles surviving from transgenic corn was affected. Female adults emerging from transgenic treatments were the same size as females from terbufos and isoline treatments but laid fewer eggs. Transgenic corn did not affect percent egg hatch. Females from YieldGard Rootworm and terbufos flew significantly shorter distances than females from isoline and YieldGard Plus treatments. Virgin females did not fly sustained flights. Mated females from isoline and transgenic treatments flew farther than virgin females. The second objective was to examine similar questions but of adult beetles who had been exposed to the leaves and silks of transgenic plants. Beetles exposed to leaves or silks of transgenic plants did not fly significantly different than beetles exposed to nontransgenic plants. Beetles caged on leaves of transgenic plants for 5 days had higher mortality, consumed less leaf area, and laid fewer eggs than beetles caged on leaves of nontransgenic plants. Very little mortality occurred in beetles exposed to the silks of transgenic plants. Exposure to silks of transgenic plants did not affect egg laying or adult longevity. The third objective was to evaluate farmer perceptions and attitudes of transgenic corn using a survey. When asked if they would plant transgenic corn protected again the corn rootworm, 35.0% responded they would while 40.5% said they were unsure. The two biggest concerns farmers had of transgenic corn was the ability to sell harvested grain and additional technology fees. Farmers felt that less insecticide in the environment and less insecticide exposure to farmers were significant benefits of transgenic corn. The most common refuge-planting options farmers favored were adjacent fields and split fields.

Author: Kathrin Schirmacher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corn
Languages : en
Pages : 212

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Author: Peter Gacii Chege
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corn
Languages : en
Pages :

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With the increasing adoption of transgenic maize with resistance to rootworms, combined with glyphosate tolerance, as a control tactic for western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, an understanding of the effect of alternate host plants on rootworm population dynamics is critical to the formulation of effective IRM programs. Three studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of alternate host plant phenology on the survivorship, growth, development, and host searching behavior of larvae, as well as the effect of initial feeding of larvae on an alternate host followed by movement to rootworm resistant transgenic corn on beetle emergence and reproductive fitness of emerged female beetles. Initial feeding on alternate hosts followed by movement to Bt maize increased beetle emergence from Bt maize, fecundity of those that survived, and the number of viable eggs produced. In greenhouse trials, western corn rootworm larvae had significantly greater survival on younger grassy weeds (4 to 6 weeks old) versus older grassy weeds. In behavioral tests, western corn rootworm larvae recognized younger roots (4 week old) as hosts but did not recognize older roots (7 or 10 week old) as hosts. Phenological changes in grassy weeds could encourage movement of larvae from weeds to transgenic maize.

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Category :
Languages : en
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Author: Wendell Eugene Burkholder
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 44

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Author: William Henry Luckmann
Publisher: Andesite Press
ISBN: 9781298533104
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 20

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This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Author: William Henry Luckmann
Publisher: Franklin Classics Trade Press
ISBN: 9780353171916
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 18

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Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.