Author: David Christopher Holly Publisher: ISBN: Category : Cogon grass Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Of concern in this research were the ecological parameters associated with the establishment of a model invasive plant species, Imperata cylindrica, across a scale of ecological organization. Specifically, the study addressed the species' ability to: differentially respond to abiotic and biotic constraints during seedling establishment, exhibit a novel underground competitive interference mechanism, and alter the decomposition dynamics in newly invaded ecosystems. Finally, the last portion of the research was centered around creating a predictive habitat model that will provide information on the most important variables responsible for creating habitat for this species. The population level seedling study indicated that soil characteristics and light availability play a significant role in seedling establishment. There were large trends in biomass allocation attributable to soil type with seedlings performing best in high nutrient soils representative of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley physiographic region. I. cylindrica seedlings also showed a positive response to increased seedling density during the initial stages of seedling establishment. The community level research examining a hypothesized novel interference mechanism deployed by I. cylindrica showed a significant and robust pattern of I. cylindrica damaging its own belowground tissue more often than that of its surrounding neighbors. Therefore, it is highly unlikely that I. cylindrica gains a competitive advantage by exposing the native plant assemblage to pathogen invasion (via ruptured tissue) as the plant would expose itself to these pathogens (to which it is evolutionarily naive) at much higher volumes. The ecosystem level examination of this globally important invasive species indicated that I. cylindrica invasion into native systems will significantly accelerate ambient rates of decomposition. Furthermore, fungal community composition in invaded areas was drastically altered as well as bacterial community functional activity in relation to several key enzymes responsible for the decomposition of plant tissue which were produced more abundantly in invaded areas. The landscape-scale analyses and modeling work validated decades of anecdotal evidence and indicated that anthropogenic disturbance factors associated with road maintenance and construction (soil disturbance and vegetation removal) are the principal factors responsible for creating habitat suitable for invasion by this species.
Author: Andreas W. Ebert Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3036508945 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 672
Book Description
The papers included in this Special Issue address a variety of important aspects of plant biodiversity and genetic resources, including definitions, descriptions, and illustrations of different components and their value for food and nutrition security, breeding, and environmental services. Furthermore, comprehensive information is provided regarding conservation approaches and techniques for plant genetic resources, policy aspects, and results of biological, genetic, morphological, economic, social, and breeding-related research activities. The complexity and vulnerability of (plant) biodiversity and its inherent genetic resources, as an integral part of the contextual ecosystem and the human web of life, are clearly demonstrated in this Special Issue, and for several encountered problems and constraints, possible approaches or solutions are presented to overcome these.
Author: Therese M. Poland Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030453677 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 455
Book Description
This open access book describes the serious threat of invasive species to native ecosystems. Invasive species have caused and will continue to cause enormous ecological and economic damage with ever increasing world trade. This multi-disciplinary book, written by over 100 national experts, presents the latest research on a wide range of natural science and social science fields that explore the ecology, impacts, and practical tools for management of invasive species. It covers species of all taxonomic groups from insects and pathogens, to plants, vertebrates, and aquatic organisms that impact a diversity of habitats in forests, rangelands and grasslands of the United States. It is well-illustrated, provides summaries of the most important invasive species and issues impacting all regions of the country, and includes a comprehensive primary reference list for each topic. This scientific synthesis provides the cultural, economic, scientific and social context for addressing environmental challenges posed by invasive species and will be a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, natural resource managers and practitioners.
Author: C. Ashton Drew Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441973907 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 319
Book Description
Most projects in Landscape Ecology, at some point, define a species-habitat association. These models are inherently spatial, dealing with landscapes and their configurations. Whether coding behavioral rules for dispersal of simulated organisms through simulated landscapes, or designing the sampling extent of field surveys and experiments in real landscapes, landscape ecologists must make assumptions about how organisms experience and utilize the landscape. These convenient working postulates allow modelers to project the model in time and space, yet rarely are they explicitly considered. The early years of landscape ecology necessarily focused on the evolution of effective data sources, metrics, and statistical approaches that could truly capture the spatial and temporal patterns and processes of interest. Now that these tools are well established, we reflect on the ecological theories that underpin the assumptions commonly made during species distribution modeling and mapping. This is crucial for applying models to questions of global sustainability. Due to the inherent use of GIS for much of this kind of research, and as several authors’ research involves the production of multicolored map figures, there would be an 8-page color insert. Additional color figures could be made available through a digital archive, or by cost contributions of the chapter authors. Where applicable, would be relevant chapters’ GIS data and model code available through a digital archive. The practice of data and code sharing is becoming standard in GIS studies, is an inherent method of this book, and will serve to add additional research value to the book for both academic and practitioner audiences.
Author: Andrew P. Robinson Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 052176596X Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 427
Book Description
This book reviews the latest risk-based techniques to protect national interests from invasive pests and pathogens before, at and within national borders.
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Publisher: ISBN: Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 1480
Author: Biswajeet Pradhan Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319553429 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 363
Book Description
This book is related to various applications of laser scanning in landslide assessment. Landslide detection approaches, susceptibility, hazard, vulnerability assessment and various modeling techniques are presented. Optimization of landslide conditioning parameters and use of heuristic, statistical, data mining approaches, their advantages and their relationship with landslide risk assessment are discussed in detail. The book contains scanning data in tropical forests; its indicators, assessment, modeling and implementation. Additionally, debris flow modeling and analysis including source of debris flow identification and rockfall hazard assessment are also presented.
Author: Reuben P. Keller Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199709831 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 316
Book Description
Biological invasions are one of the strongest drivers of global environmental change, and invasive species are now often in the public discourse. At the same time, economists have begun to take a real interest in determining how invasive species interact with economic systems, and how invaders should be controlled to optimize societal wealth. Although the work from ecologists and economists have both greatly expanded our understanding of the drivers and impacts of invasions, little integration between the fields has occurred that would allow managers and policy-makers to identify the optical expenditures on, for example, prevention and control of invasive species. Because the level of effort expended on invasive species management is intricately linked to the costs and projected benefits of that management, there is an urgent need for greater synthesis between ecology and economics. This book brings ecology and economics together in new ways to address how we deal with the dynamics and impacts of invasive species, and is the outcome fo many years of collaborative research between a small group of economists and ecologists. The outcome is clear demonstration of the utility of combining ecological and economic models for addressing critical questions in the management of invasive species.
Author: David Christopher Holly
Author: Andreas W. Ebert
Author: 
Author: Therese M. Poland
Author: C. Ashton Drew
Author: Andrew P. Robinson
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations
Author: Biswajeet Pradhan
Author: Reuben P. Keller