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Author: Christopher Norton Carter Publisher: ISBN: Category : Fisheries Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
Growing demand for limited quantities of fish has led to systematic planning for the conservation and management of U.S. fishery resources. There is a need for better understanding of the complex biological and social environment on which regulation for conservation, social, and economic purposes is imposed. The behavior of commercial fishermen, who in many instances use multi-purpose vessels to exploit multi-species fisheries, is difficult to assess and predict. The purpose of this thesis is to describe and analyze selected aspects of Oregon commercial fishing fleets. The focus of this study is on the short-run decision-making behavior of Oregon trawl fishermen for the period 1974-1979. A general review of the activities of Oregon's multi-purpose fishing fleets is followed by an attempt to measure the responses of trawl vessel operators to varying economic and biological conditions. Several models of the short-run allocation of fishing time by a multi-purpose vessel operator are developed. The limited amount of economic literature on multi-purpose fleet behavior is briefly reviewed. An important feature not explicitly recognized in the theoretical models is that fishermen operate in an uncertain environment. Fishermen are hypothesized to react to expectations about economic returns in the fisheries which they can exploit. Simple Nerlovian agricultural supply response models were adapted for statistical analysis of the allocation of fishing time. Fishermen's short-run behavior was hypothesized to depend on expectations of current rather than normal returns to fishing time. Four versions of models which explain allocation of fishing time for a stable subfleet of trawl vessels were estimated using ordinary least squares regression. Monthly days of fishing by fishery were significantly explained by variables representing expected gross revenues per unit of effort, weather conditions and seasonal regulations. The analysis also indicates that fishermen are able to respond rapidly to perceived variations in gross returns. In the shrimp and crab fisheries, elasticities of days fished with respect to expected gross returns were estimated to be in the range of 0.45 to 0.40. Regulatory implications are that: (1) fisheries managers need to monitor the effects of regulation with little delay and (2) the use of taxes and subsidies to shift significant amounts of effort among fisheries is not likely to be successful. Additional research effort could profitably be spent to refine measurement of the explanatory variables, or to measure the response of individual fishermen to suitable explanatory variables.
Author: Christopher Norton Carter Publisher: ISBN: Category : Fisheries Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
Growing demand for limited quantities of fish has led to systematic planning for the conservation and management of U.S. fishery resources. There is a need for better understanding of the complex biological and social environment on which regulation for conservation, social, and economic purposes is imposed. The behavior of commercial fishermen, who in many instances use multi-purpose vessels to exploit multi-species fisheries, is difficult to assess and predict. The purpose of this thesis is to describe and analyze selected aspects of Oregon commercial fishing fleets. The focus of this study is on the short-run decision-making behavior of Oregon trawl fishermen for the period 1974-1979. A general review of the activities of Oregon's multi-purpose fishing fleets is followed by an attempt to measure the responses of trawl vessel operators to varying economic and biological conditions. Several models of the short-run allocation of fishing time by a multi-purpose vessel operator are developed. The limited amount of economic literature on multi-purpose fleet behavior is briefly reviewed. An important feature not explicitly recognized in the theoretical models is that fishermen operate in an uncertain environment. Fishermen are hypothesized to react to expectations about economic returns in the fisheries which they can exploit. Simple Nerlovian agricultural supply response models were adapted for statistical analysis of the allocation of fishing time. Fishermen's short-run behavior was hypothesized to depend on expectations of current rather than normal returns to fishing time. Four versions of models which explain allocation of fishing time for a stable subfleet of trawl vessels were estimated using ordinary least squares regression. Monthly days of fishing by fishery were significantly explained by variables representing expected gross revenues per unit of effort, weather conditions and seasonal regulations. The analysis also indicates that fishermen are able to respond rapidly to perceived variations in gross returns. In the shrimp and crab fisheries, elasticities of days fished with respect to expected gross returns were estimated to be in the range of 0.45 to 0.40. Regulatory implications are that: (1) fisheries managers need to monitor the effects of regulation with little delay and (2) the use of taxes and subsidies to shift significant amounts of effort among fisheries is not likely to be successful. Additional research effort could profitably be spent to refine measurement of the explanatory variables, or to measure the response of individual fishermen to suitable explanatory variables.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Family-owned business enterprises Languages : en Pages : 249
Book Description
Since the industrial revolution, natural resource systems have rapidly modernized and globalized. Commercial fishing industries have expanded and optimized resource extraction but have often times exceeded sustainable levels of harvest. In the Pacific Northwestern United States, the commercial fishing industry is one of particular economic and cultural importance. Due to reduced yield of many native fish stocks, marine reserves have been implemented in Oregon's nearshore waters in an effort to conserve biodiversity. While spatial closures of marine reserves seek to preserve and stabilize Oregon's ocean ecosystems, adverse socioeconomic implications are inevitably created when profitable waters are set aside. A main challenge of marine policy is achieving conservation goals while simultaneously protecting and maintaining the socioeconomic livelihood of ocean users. As policy makers push for aggressive conservation policy, it is imperative to understand the ways in which different groups of stakeholders will be impacted by regulation. The objectives of this study were to (1) assess potential fishing displacement from marine reserve designation and identify internal and external socioeconomic factors explaining variability in fishing behavior, and (2) evaluate shifting familial succession patterns across fisheries and port groups within Oregon's nearshore fisheries. A mail survey dispersed to permit holders in Oregon's commercial Dungeness crab, salmon, and groundfish fisheries contained questions regarding spatial and temporal shifts in fishing behavior, operating expenditures, as well as demographic information. The first study objective was to assess impacts of marine reserve designation on the ways that fishing effort is exerted and how efforts differ between fishing communities and fleets in Oregon's nearshore environment over time. Quantitative and spatial measurements of fishing effort can help determine which areas are most heavily fished, which areas are collectively perceived to be the best and worst fishing grounds and how fisher's behaviors are responding to market, regulatory, ecological, and climatic variability. A repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that fishing effort was not reduced or displaced by marine reserve implementation, but rather driven by fishery closures resulting from low stock health linked to climatic variability. Linear mixed effects models revealed that large-scale fishing operations are more resilient and flexible to climatic, regulatory, economic, and ecological variability. The second study objective evaluated familial succession in Oregon's nearshore fisheries. Many rural industries, such as agriculture, timber and commercial fishing, are experiencing reduced youth recruitment and participation. Rural to urban migration patterns and large barriers to entry have been cited as reasons for the graying of Oregon's commercial fishing industry. It is important to understand which socioeconomic factors drive recruitment into the fishery in order to successfully manage and communicate with fishery participants. A binomial logistic regression model revealed that fishers with large-scale fishing operations are much more likely to participate in familial succession within the industry, compared to a fisher with a relatively small business. Chi-squared goodness of fit analyses indicated that in some regions along the coast, succession often mirrors the health and economic viability of a fishery and dynamics of local economies.
Author: Janet Crofton Gilmore Publisher: U M I Research Press ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
Gilmore describes Oregon commercial fisherman and their involvement with their communities, and presents a unique study of the boats that they use.
Author: Christopher Norton Carter
Author: Christopher Norton Carter
Author: Hans D. Radtke
Author: David S. Liao
Author: Oregon. Anadromous Fish Section
Author: 
Author: Janet Crofton Gilmore
Author: Oregon. Fish Commission
Author: West Coast Fisheries Development Foundation
Author: Oregon. Fish Commission
Author: