Author: Mónica Imarai
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Mucosal Immunity and Evasion Strategies of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Author: Michael W. Russell
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889639614
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 167

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Book Description

Author: Donnie Pickel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Complement (Immunology)
Languages : en
Pages : 103

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Book Description
Antimicrobial resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) is an urgent threat to public health worldwide. Ng causes gonorrhea, the second most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infection. Left untreated, gonorrhea can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, sterility, and in men can increase susceptibility to HIV. The current recommended treatment is a dual therapy with two antibiotics azithromycin and ceftriaxone. However, many countries are reporting cases with reduced effectiveness of this treatment method. This has placed a greater urgency on the development of preventative therapeutics. There is currently no commercial vaccine available for Ng infection. The development of preventative treatment strategies has long been impeded by Ng’s ability to evade the immune system, particularly the complement system. Ng is an obligate human pathogen and has evolved numerous mechanisms to interact with host-derived molecules that negatively regulate the activation of the immune system. Previous characterization of these mechanisms has focused on one class of complement inhibitors, fluid-phase inhibitors. To fully understand Ng immune evasion and the host molecules that contribute to it, investigating the role of the other class of complement inhibitors, membrane-associated complement inhibitors (mCIs) is needed. mCIs like CD46, CD55, and CD59 are expressed by human epithelial cells to prevent formation of the membrane attack complex on the surface of human cells. I hypothesized that these proteins may be sequestered by Ng during infection and create localized regions of immune activation allowing Ng to persist. To test this, we used a co-culture serum bactericidal assay (ccSBA) where human epithelial cells were infected with Ng, treated with normal human serum, a vehicle for the components of the complement system, and monitored bacterial viability over time. Using the ccSBA we demonstrated that increasing host expression of mCIs resulted in higher levels of Ng survival, while decreasing mCI expression resulted in lower Ng survival. We then used CRISPR to knock out all three of CD46, CD55, and CD59 simultaneously. Surprisingly, this had the opposite effect of what we expected, resulting in a substantial increase in Ng survival. We observed that the lack of mCIs rendered host cells susceptible to complement and speculated that this could result in the release of host-derived molecules that stimulated an alternative mechanism of Ng immune evasion. We used a strain of Ng deficient in this alternative mechanism and found that the absence of mCI expression resulted in a significant reduction in Ng survival. Finally, we expressed each of CD46, CD55, and CD59 individually and found that all three could support Ng survival alone. In summary, this dissertation shows that mCIs are involved in Ng immune evasion. Further it demonstrates the value of the ccSBA in investigating the role of host-derived molecules in Ng immune evasion.

Author: Brian Henderson
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521801737
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 332

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Book Description
Table of contents

Author: Yi-Wei Tang
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123977630
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2214

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Book Description
The molecular age has brought about dramatic changes in medical microbiology, and great leaps in our understanding of the mechanisms of infectious disease. Molecular Medical Microbiology is the first book to synthesise the many new developments in both molecular and clinical research in a single comprehensive resource. This timely and authoritative three-volume work is an invaluable reference source of medical bacteriology. Comprising more than 100 chapters, organized into 17 major sections, the scope of this impressive work is wide-ranging. Written by experts in the field, chapters include cutting-edge information, and clinical overviews for each major bacterial group, in addition to the latest updates on vaccine development, molecular technology and diagnostic technology. Topics covered include bacterial structure, cell function, and genetics; mechanisms of pathogenesis and prevention; antibacterial agents; and infections ranging from gastrointestinal to urinary tract, centrtal nervous system, respiratory tract, and more. - The first comprehensive and accessible reference on molecular medical microbiology - Full color presentation througout - In-depth discussion of individual pathogenic bacteria in a system-oriented approach - Includes a clinical overview for each major bacterial group - Presents the latest information on vaccine development, molecular technology, and diagnostic technology - More than 100 chapters covering all major groups of bacteria - Written by an international panel of authors who are experts in their respective disciplines

Author: Kenneth Murphy
Publisher: Garland Science
ISBN: 9780815344575
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.

Author: Crispian Scully
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128136820
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 124

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Book Description
Saliva Protection and Transmissible Diseases provides a review of saliva protection, raising debate on micro-organisms potentially transmissible in saliva, and also considering the evidence on diseases that may be transmitted by kissing. Saliva is a complex body fluid essential to health, especially mastication, swallowing and speech, and hyposalivation can lead to dysfunction and even infection. More serious pathogens, such as herpes viruses and papillomaviruses can be conveyed by kissing, as can potentially lethal micro-organisms present in some saliva, such as meningococci, fungal organisms and Ebola viruses. Stipulates the defensive roles of saliva, an important topic not previously reviewed in-depth in literature Provides awareness that saliva also transmits infectious agents that can produce serious or even lethal diseases Gives understanding that kissing may be an at-risk practice

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780815332183
Category : Cells
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description

Author: Richard Bryant Roberts
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 456

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Book Description

Author: Tak W. Mak
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080534481
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1217

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Book Description
The Immune Response is a unique reference work covering the basic and clinical principles of immunology in a modern and comprehensive fashion. Written in an engaging conversational style, the book conveys the broad scope and fascinating appeal of immunology. The book is beautifully illustrated with superb figures as well as many full color plates. This extraordinary work will be an invaluable resource for lecturers and graduate students in immunology, as well as a vital reference for research scientists and clinicians studying related areas in the life and medical sciences. - Current and thorough 30 chapter reference reviewed by luminaries in the field - Unique 'single voice' ensures consistency of definitions and concepts - Comprehensive and elegant illustrations bring key concepts to life - Provides historical context to allow fuller understanding of key issues - Introductory chapters 1-4 serve as an 'Immunology Primer' before topics are discussed in more detail