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Author: Krista Kenyon Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Climate change is reducing the Arctic sea ice concentration and extent and it has been thought that narwhal will be poorly able to adjust. The goal of this thesis was to (a) analyzing narwhal year-round movement, and to (b) examine winter habitat selection in relation to sea ice and bathymetry. Narwhal from Admiralty Inlet and Eclipse Sound were equipped with satellite transmitters between 2009 and 2012. Narwhal conducted multiple late-summer movement patterns with three stocks overlapping, had a delayed fall migration compared to a tagging studies a decade earlier, and had decreased summer site fidelity. During the winter narwhal selected 1500 to 2000 m depths, which likely have higher prey densities, regardless of the mobile pack ice structure. They also conducted extensive movements coinciding with a delayed growth in sea ice extent. These results indicate that narwhal may be more able to adjust to habitat changes than previously believed.
Author: Krista Kenyon Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Climate change is reducing the Arctic sea ice concentration and extent and it has been thought that narwhal will be poorly able to adjust. The goal of this thesis was to (a) analyzing narwhal year-round movement, and to (b) examine winter habitat selection in relation to sea ice and bathymetry. Narwhal from Admiralty Inlet and Eclipse Sound were equipped with satellite transmitters between 2009 and 2012. Narwhal conducted multiple late-summer movement patterns with three stocks overlapping, had a delayed fall migration compared to a tagging studies a decade earlier, and had decreased summer site fidelity. During the winter narwhal selected 1500 to 2000 m depths, which likely have higher prey densities, regardless of the mobile pack ice structure. They also conducted extensive movements coinciding with a delayed growth in sea ice extent. These results indicate that narwhal may be more able to adjust to habitat changes than previously believed.
Author: Todd McLeish Publisher: University of Washington Press ISBN: 0295804696 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 217
Book Description
Among all the large whales on Earth, the most unusual and least studied is the narwhal, the northernmost whale on the planet and the one most threatened by global warming. Narwhals thrive in the fjords and inlets of northern Canada and Greenland. These elusive whales, whose long tusks were the stuff of medieval European myths and Inuit legends, are uniquely adapted to the Arctic ecosystem and are able to dive below thick sheets of ice to depths of up to 1,500 meters in search of their prey-halibut, cod, and squid. Join Todd McLeish as he travels high above the Arctic circle to meet: Teams of scientific researchers studying the narwhal's life cycle and the mysteries of its tusk Inuit storytellers and hunters Animals that share the narwhals' habitat: walruses, polar bears, bowhead and beluga whales, ivory gulls, and two kinds of seals McLeish consults logbooks kept by whalers and explorers and interviews folklorists and historians to tease out the relationship between the real narwhal and the mythical unicorn. In Colorado, he visits climatologists studying changes in the seasonal cycles of the Arctic ice. From a history of the trade in narwhal tusks to descriptions of narwhals' vocalizations as heard through hydrophones, Narwhals reveals the beauty and thrill of the narwhal and its habitat, and the threat it faces from a rapidly changing world. Watch the trailer: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gHwaqdKyLCQ&list=UUge4MONgLFncQ1w1C_BnHcw&index=9&feature=plcp
Author: David N. Thomas Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118778383 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 666
Book Description
Over the past 20 years the study of the frozen Arctic and Southern Oceans and sub-arctic seas has progressed at a remarkable pace. This third edition of Sea Ice gives insight into the very latest understanding of the how sea ice is formed, how we measure (and model) its extent, the biology that lives within and associated with sea ice and the effect of climate change on its distribution. How sea ice influences the oceanography of underlying waters and the influences that sea ice has on humans living in Arctic regions are also discussed. Featuring twelve new chapters, this edition follows two previous editions (2001 and 2010), and the need for this latest update exhibits just how rapidly the science of sea ice is developing. The 27 chapters are written by a team of more than 50 of the worlds’ leading experts in their fields. These combine to make the book the most comprehensive introduction to the physics, chemistry, biology and geology of sea ice that there is. This third edition of Sea Ice will be a key resource for all policy makers, researchers and students who work with the frozen oceans and seas.
Author: Steven H. Ferguson Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9048191211 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 313
Book Description
In Arctic Canada, Hudson Bay is a site of great exploration history, aboriginal culture, and a vast marine wilderness supporting large populations of marine mammals and birds. These include some of the most iconic Arctic animals like beluga, narwhal, bowhead whales, and polar bears. Due to the challenges of conducting field research in this region, some of the mysteries of where these animals move, and how they are able to survive in such seemingly inhospitable, ice-choked habitats are just now being unlocked. For example, are polar bears being replaced by killer whales? This new information could not be more salient, as the Hudson Bay Region is undergoing rapid environmental change due to global warming, as well as increased pressures from industrial development interests. A Little Less Arctic brings together some of the world’s leading Arctic scientists to present the current state of knowledge on the physical and biological characteristics of Hudson Bay.
Author: Bertrand Charry Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
"The narwhal (Monodon monoceros) is a medium-sized odontocete exclusively found in Arctic waters. The remoteness of their environment in conjunction with their widespreaddistribution poses numerous challenges to studying this Arctic species at a population level. The narwhal is a species with knowledge gaps regarding their population structure and the distribution of different sexes and age classes. This thesis provides a detailed description of narwhal distribution in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago using the non-invasive method of aerial photography to identify and geo-locate narwhal males, females, and newborns. In August 2013, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) conducted an extensive aerial survey of narwhal summer habitat to estimate the abundance of the Baffin Bay population. I used the georeferenced photographs collected during the surveys to develop a dichotomous key to identify newborns from photographs. The key was also used to describe the distribution of narwhal males, females, and newborns. I used a Cohen's Kappa test, across four observers, to test the replicability of the key, with strong positive results. Within the 3,393 photographs analyzed I detected 6,315 different individuals. I could identify the sex of 2,804 individuals and identified 141 newborns. To analyze the distribution of narwhals, I first used the least cost path algorithm to construct a matrix of swimming distances between individuals. Then, I performed a partitioning around the medoids algorithm, a variation of the k-means algorithm, to divide my dataset into k clusters based on the swimming distances. I found five main clusters of narwhals that align closely with four narwhal management zones currently defined by DFO. These four management zones correspond to different narwhal stocks determined through local knowledge, telemetry data, and genetics. Narwhals were unevenly distributed between each cluster and I found different male:female sex ratios varying from 0.71 to 1.4, newborns represented 10% of the number of females present in each cluster. This thesis is the first to shed light on narwhal newborn-mother spatial patterns and narwhal sex distribution of the Baffin Bay population in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago." --
Author: W. John Richardson Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0080573037 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 593
Book Description
Many marine mammals communicate by emitting sounds that pass through water. Such sounds can be received across great distances and can influence the behavior of these undersea creatures. In the past few decades, the oceans have become increasingly noisy, as underwater sounds from propellers, sonars, and other human activities make it difficult for marine mammals to communicate. This book discusses, among many other topics, just how well marine mammals hear, how noisy the oceans have become, and what effects these new sounds have on marine mammals. The baseline of ambient noise, the sounds produced by machines and mammals, the sensitivity of marine mammal hearing, and the reactions of marine mammals are also examined. An essential addition to any marine biologist's library, Marine Mammals and Noise will be especially appealing to marine mammalogists, researchers, policy makers and regulators, and marine biologists and oceanographers using sound in their research.
Author: William Scoresby Publisher: ISBN: Category : Arctic regions Languages : en Pages : 670
Book Description
Nineteenth century classic on whaling, geography and natural history of northern waters. Appendices include meteorological tables; a chronological list of voyages, 861-1819; list of plants found in Spitsbergen; Acts of Parliament regarding whaling; dimensions of whaling ships; etc.
Author: Shu-Ting Zhao Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Individual variation in nursing duration and resource use can have cumulative effects on population growth and species resilience in response to resource changes. There have been climate-induced shifts in prey resources in the Arctic since the 1980s; however, knowledge regarding narwhal nursing and dietary variation at the individual level remain understudied. Stable isotope analysis (SIA) of sequential dentine samples can provide a longitudinal record of isotopic (13C and 15N) values that help infer age at which nursing completes, and assess diet. This study used SIA of dentine from narwhal embedded teeth to investigate individual nursing duration and dietary variation within a population over two time periods (pre- and post- 1982/1983). Embedded teeth were collected near Pond Inlet, Nunavut, from both sexes in 1982/1983 (n = 13) and 2015/2017 (n = 14). Ontogenetic 13C and 15N profiles were constructed for individual narwhals. Nursing duration was inferred based on postnatal 15N decline over age 1-10, and I found nursing in narwhals lasted for two to six years but most individuals started feeding primarily on solid food after 12 months. Nursing duration did not differ between sexes nor between the two time periods. To analyze variation in narwhal diet after nursing being completed, I evaluated 13C and 15N values and isotopic niche breadth for individuals within each period and at the population level between the two time periods. Narwhals varied significantly in their isotope values and isotopic niche, suggesting individuals may differ in resource use (prey size, proportion, and feeding locations), as well as the range and consistency of resource use over one's lifetime. Across time periods, narwhals showed a slight niche expansion, likely reflecting a dietary shift to incorporate alternative subarctic prey that have increased in availability in the Arctic over the past 30 years. This study provides new information on narwhal life history, highlighting the variability in narwhal nursing duration and individual-level resource use, which can be applied to future assessments that consider narwhal foraging flexibility in response to climate-induced resource shifts.
Author: Krista Kenyon
Author: Krista Kenyon
Author: Kristin L. Laidre
Author: Todd McLeish
Author: David N. Thomas
Author: Steven H. Ferguson
Author: Bertrand Charry
Author: W. John Richardson
Author: William Scoresby
Author: Shu-Ting Zhao
Author: Keith Alexander Hay