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Author: Alkwin Slenczka Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 303094896X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 590
Book Description
This open access book covers recent advances in experiments using the ultra-cold, very weakly perturbing superfluid environment provided by helium nanodroplets for high resolution spectroscopic, structural and dynamic studies of molecules and synthetic clusters. The recent infra-red, UV-Vis studies of radicals, molecules, clusters, ions and biomolecules, as well as laser dynamical and laser orientational studies, are reviewed. The Coulomb explosion studies of the uniquely quantum structures of small helium clusters, X-ray imaging of large droplets and electron diffraction of embedded molecules are also described. Particular emphasis is given to the synthesis and detection of new species by mass spectrometry and deposition electron microscopy.
Author: Alkwin Slenczka Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 303094896X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 590
Book Description
This open access book covers recent advances in experiments using the ultra-cold, very weakly perturbing superfluid environment provided by helium nanodroplets for high resolution spectroscopic, structural and dynamic studies of molecules and synthetic clusters. The recent infra-red, UV-Vis studies of radicals, molecules, clusters, ions and biomolecules, as well as laser dynamical and laser orientational studies, are reviewed. The Coulomb explosion studies of the uniquely quantum structures of small helium clusters, X-ray imaging of large droplets and electron diffraction of embedded molecules are also described. Particular emphasis is given to the synthesis and detection of new species by mass spectrometry and deposition electron microscopy.
Author: Zhiming M. Wang Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461494729 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 392
Book Description
Nanodroplets, the basis of complex and advanced nanostructures such as quantum rings, quantum dots and quantum dot clusters for future electronic and optoelectronic materials and devices, have attracted the interdisciplinary interest of chemists, physicists and engineers. This book combines experimental and theoretical analyses of nanosized droplets which reveal many attractive properties. Coverage includes nanodroplet synthesis, structure, unique behaviors and their nanofabrication, including chapters on focused ion beam, atomic force microscopy, molecular beam epitaxy and the "vapor-liquid- solid" route. Particular emphasis is given to the behavior of metallic nanodroplets, water nanodroplets and nanodroplets in polymer and metamaterial nanocomposites. The contributions of leading scientists and their research groups will provide readers with deeper insight into the chemical and physical mechanisms, properties, and potential applications of various nanodroplets.
Author: Olivier Dulieu Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry ISBN: 1782625976 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 692
Book Description
Explores the theoretical and experimental aspects of cold and ultracold molecular collisions, for students and researchers in theoretical chemistry and chemical reaction/molecular dynamics.
Author: Miquel Blancafort Jorquera Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 209
Book Description
The study of superfluid helium has been carried out mainly by physicists. In recent years, taking advantage of the potentialities presented by superfluid helium nanodroplets (HeNDs) as inert matrices at very low temperatures (0.37 K), the chemical community became involved in its application to high-resolution spectroscopy. More recently (early 2000s), this community began to be involved in research using HeNDs to investigate chemical reactivity in this quantum solvent. As for the theoretical studies on the dynamics of physicochemical processes in HeNDs, they have been possible about five years ago and the number of theoretical dynamics studies, despite their interest, is very scarce. The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the development of the research in this area.To introduce the reader into the topic, Chapter 1 is divided into four sections: the first one describes the properties of helium, the second one considers the history of the discovery and research carried out on the superfluidity phenomenon, the third one outlines the properties of superfluid helium nanodroplets, and the last one gives an overview of the applications and fields of study implying HeNDs.The theoretical and numerical methods used to describe superfluid liquid helium are detailed in Chapter 2. In the first section attention has been paid on the density functional theory (DFT) and its time dependent extension for real-time simulations (TDDFT). The second section describes the main density functionals used and the third section is aimed to present the numerical methods employed to perform the TDDFT calculations.The following four chapters contain the original studies carried out in this thesis. The investigation of the capture process of a Ne atom by a HeND can be found in Chapter 3. Here, the atom is treated using classical mechanics and the influence of energy and angular momentum is examined for a wide set of initial conditions. The microscopic mechanism, energy and angular momentum exchanges and vortex formation have been extensively analysed. The present contribution corresponds to the first systematic analysis of the influence of angular momentum in the capture process and vortex formation.Chapter 4 represents a natural evolution from Chapter 3 and describes the formation of a neon dimer or neon adduct inside a superfluid helium nanodroplet, treating both atoms classically. Analogously as in the previous chapter, angular momentum has also been taken into consideration and the mechanism, energy an angular momentum exchanges and vortex formation are analysed. These two chapters complement and extend two previous investigations of our group where the Ne atoms were treated using standard quantum mechanics at zero angular momentum. The contents of Chapter 4 correspond to the second theoretical investigation on bimolecular reaction dynamics in HeNDs.The following two chapters use a full quantum hybrid approach to explore rotational and vibrational energy relaxation dynamics. Chapter 5 corresponds to the first theoretical study reported so far on the rotational energy relaxation dynamics of molecules in HeNDs. This process has been studied using several isotopes of the H2 molecule (fast rotors) and considering a set of initial excitations and nanodroplet sizes.The last investigation (Chapter 6) is centred on the study of the vibrational energy relaxation in HeNDs. Thus, the influence of the energy gap between the vibrational levels, molecule-helium interaction energy and nanodroplet size on the vibrational relaxation dynamics has been analysed, taking as a reference the I2@(4He)100 doped nanodroplet which was recently studied in our group. To the best of our knowledge it is the first time that the influence of these key factors has been examined.Finally, in Chapters 7 and 8 the main conclusions and a summary in Catalan are presented.
Author: Ian W. M. Smith Publisher: Imperial College Press ISBN: 1848162103 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 578
Book Description
This book brings together, for the first time, the results of recent research in areas ranging from the chemistry of cold interstellar clouds (10-20 K), through laboratory studies of the spectroscopy and kinetics of ions, radicals and molecules, to studies of molecules in liquid helium droplets, to attempts to create molecular (as distinct from atomic) Bose-Einstein condensates.
Author: Martin Quack Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470066539 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 2236
Book Description
The field of High-Resolution Spectroscopy has been considerably extended and even redefined in some areas. Combining the knowledge of spectroscopy, laser technology, chemical computation, and experiments, Handbook of High-Resolution Spectroscopy provides a comprehensive survey of the whole field as it presents itself today, with emphasis on the recent developments. This essential handbook for advanced research students, graduate students, and researchers takes a systematic approach through the range of wavelengths and includes the latest advances in experiment and theory that will help and guide future applications. The first comprehensive survey in high-resolution molecular spectroscopy for over 15 years Brings together the knowledge of spectroscopy, laser technology, chemical computation and experiments Brings the reader up-to-date with the many advances that have been made in recent times Takes the reader through the range of wavelengths, covering all possible techniques such as Microwave Spectroscopy, Infrared Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, VIS, UV and VUV Combines theoretical, computational and experimental aspects Has numerous applications in a wide range of scientific domains Edited by two leaders in this field Provides an overview of rotational, vibration, electronic and photoelectron spectroscopy Volume 1 - Introduction: Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy Volume 2 - High-Resolution Molecular Spectroscopy: Methods and Results Volume 3 - Special Methods & Applications
Author: Ian W. M. Smith Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 184816209X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 578
Book Description
This book brings together, for the first time, the results of recent research in areas ranging from the chemistry of cold interstellar clouds (10-20 K), through laboratory studies of the spectroscopy and kinetics of ions, radicals and molecules, to studies of molecules in liquid helium droplets, to attempts to create molecular (as distinct from atomic) Bose-Einstein condensates.
Author: Roger Campargue Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642568009 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1013
Book Description
This title covers the state of the art in this field both theoretically and experimentally. With contributions from leading researchers including several Nobel laureates, it represents a long-lasting source of reference on all aspects of fundamental research into or using atomic and molecular beams.
Author: Klaus D. Sattler Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420075454 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 718
Book Description
In the 1990s, nanoparticles and quantum dots began to be used in optical, electronic, and biological applications. Now they are being studied for use in solid-state quantum computation, tumor imaging, and photovoltaics. Handbook of Nanophysics: Nanoparticles and Quantum Dots focuses on the fundamental physics of these nanoscale materials and struct
Author: Alkwin Slenczka
Author: Alkwin Slenczka
Author: Zhiming M. Wang
Author: Olivier Dulieu
Author: Miquel Blancafort Jorquera
Author: Ian W. M. Smith
Author: Martin Quack
Author: Ian W. M. Smith
Author: Roger Campargue
Author: Klaus D. Sattler
Author: Raghuram Petluri